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Consumer Price Index, Australia

This is not the latest release View the latest release

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures household inflation and includes statistics about price change for categories of household expenditure

Reference period

December Quarter 2022

Released

25/01/2023

View all releases

Key statistics

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 1.9% this quarter.
Over the twelve months to the December 2022 quarter, the CPI rose 7.8%.
The most significant price rises were Domestic holiday travel and accommodation (+13.3%), Electricity (+8.6%), International holiday travel and accommodation (+7.6%) and New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers (+1.7%).

What's new this quarter

This issue includes the introduction of updated CPI weighting patterns. For more details see 2022 weight update of the CPI and Living Cost Indexes.
Monthly inflation data can be found in the Monthly CPI Indicator.

Main features

All groups CPI, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
Dec-13	0.8	2.7
Mar-14	0.6	2.9
Jun-14	0.5	3.0
Sep-14	0.5	2.3
Dec-14	0.2	1.7
Mar-15	0.2	1.3
Jun-15	0.7	1.5
Sep-15	0.5	1.5
Dec-15	0.4	1.7
Mar-16	-0.2	1.3
Jun-16	0.4	1.0
Sep-16	0.7	1.3
Dec-16	0.5	1.5
Mar-17	0.5	2.1
Jun-17	0.2	1.9
Sep-17	0.6	1.8
Dec-17	0.6	1.9
Mar-18	0.4	1.9
Jun-18	0.4	2.1
Sep-18	0.4	1.9
Dec-18	0.5	1.8
Mar-19	0.0	1.3
Jun-19	0.6	1.6
Sep-19	0.5	1.7
Dec-19	0.7	1.8
Mar-20	0.3	2.2
Jun-20	-1.9	-0.3
Sep-20	1.6	0.7
Dec-20	0.9	0.9
Mar-21	0.6	1.1
Jun-21	0.8	3.8
Sep-21	0.8	3.0
Dec-21	1.3	3.5
Mar-22	2.1	5.1
Jun-22	1.8	6.1
Sep-22	1.8	7.3
Dec-22	1.9	7.8

All groups CPI, quarterly and annual movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Annual change"]

[["Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[0],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.29999999999999999],[-1.8999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[0.80000000000000004],[1.3],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8],[1.8],[1.8999999999999999]],[[2.7000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[3],[2.2999999999999998],[1.7],[1.3],[1.5],[1.5],[1.7],[1.3],[1],[1.3],[1.5],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[1.3],[1.6000000000000001],[1.7],[1.8],[2.2000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[0.90000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[3.7999999999999998],[3],[3.5],[5.0999999999999996],[6.0999999999999996],[7.2999999999999998],[7.7999999999999998]]]

[]

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Weighted average of eight capital cities
		Sep Qtr 2022 to Dec Qtr 2022	Dec Qtr 2021 to Dec Qtr 2022
		% change	% change
All groups CPI		1.9	7.8
Food and non-alcoholic beverages		0.9	9.2
Alcohol and tobacco		1.2	4.4
Clothing and footwear		2.6	5.3
Housing		1.9	10.7
Furnishings, household equipment and services		1.8	8.4
Health		0.8	3.8
Transport		1.7	8.0
Communication		-0.5	1.3
Recreation and culture		5.4	9.0
Education		0.1	4.6
Insurance and financial services		2.0	5.0
CPI analytical series
	All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted	1.8	7.8
	Trimmed mean	1.7	6.9
	Weighted median	1.6	5.8

Overview

Annual CPI inflation the highest since 1990

The annual CPI movement of 7.8 per cent is the highest since 1990. The past four quarters have seen strong quarterly rises off the back of higher prices for food, automotive fuel and new dwelling construction. Trimmed mean annual inflation, which excludes large price rises and falls, increased to 6.9 per cent, the highest since the ABS first published the series in 2003.

All groups CPI, Australia, annual movement (%)
	All groups CPI (%)	Trimmed mean (%)
Dec-88	7.6
Mar-89	6.8
Jun-89	7.5
Sep-89	8.0
Dec-89	7.8
Mar-90	8.7
Jun-90	7.7
Sep-90	6.1
Dec-90	6.9
Mar-91	4.8
Jun-91	3.3
Sep-91	3.1
Dec-91	1.5
Mar-92	1.7
Jun-92	1.2
Sep-92	0.8
Dec-92	0.3
Mar-93	1.2
Jun-93	1.8
Sep-93	2.2
Dec-93	1.8
Mar-94	1.5
Jun-94	1.8
Sep-94	2.0
Dec-94	2.6
Mar-95	3.7
Jun-95	4.5
Sep-95	5.1
Dec-95	5.1
Mar-96	3.8
Jun-96	3.1
Sep-96	2.1
Dec-96	1.5
Mar-97	1.4
Jun-97	0.3
Sep-97	-0.4
Dec-97	-0.3
Mar-98	-0.1
Jun-98	0.7
Sep-98	1.4
Dec-98	1.5
Mar-99	1.2
Jun-99	1.0
Sep-99	1.8
Dec-99	1.9
Mar-00	2.8
Jun-00	3.1
Sep-00	6.1
Dec-00	5.8
Mar-01	6.0
Jun-01	6.1
Sep-01	2.5
Dec-01	3.1
Mar-02	3.0
Jun-02	2.8
Sep-02	3.2
Dec-02	2.9
Mar-03	3.3
Jun-03	2.6
Sep-03	2.6	2.8
Dec-03	2.4	2.7
Mar-04	2.0	2.6
Jun-04	2.5	2.6
Sep-04	2.3	2.6
Dec-04	2.5	2.7
Mar-05	2.4	2.7
Jun-05	2.5	2.7
Sep-05	3.1	2.7
Dec-05	2.8	2.6
Mar-06	2.9	2.8
Jun-06	4.0	3.0
Sep-06	4.0	3.1
Dec-06	3.3	3.0
Mar-07	2.5	2.7
Jun-07	2.1	2.8
Sep-07	1.8	2.9
Dec-07	2.9	3.6
Mar-08	4.3	4.2
Jun-08	4.4	4.4
Sep-08	5.0	4.8
Dec-08	3.7	4.3
Mar-09	2.4	4.1
Jun-09	1.4	3.6
Sep-09	1.2	3.1
Dec-09	2.1	3.2
Mar-10	2.9	3.1
Jun-10	3.1	2.8
Sep-10	2.9	2.6
Dec-10	2.8	2.2
Mar-11	3.3	2.2
Jun-11	3.5	2.7
Sep-11	3.4	2.5
Dec-11	3.0	2.7
Mar-12	1.6	2.3
Jun-12	1.2	2.0
Sep-12	2.0	2.3
Dec-12	2.2	2.2
Mar-13	2.5	2.3
Jun-13	2.4	2.4
Sep-13	2.2	2.4
Dec-13	2.7	2.7
Mar-14	2.9	2.7
Jun-14	3.0	2.8
Sep-14	2.3	2.4
Dec-14	1.7	2.2
Mar-15	1.3	2.3
Jun-15	1.5	2.2
Sep-15	1.5	2.1
Dec-15	1.7	2.1
Mar-16	1.3	1.7
Jun-16	1.0	1.6
Sep-16	1.3	1.6
Dec-16	1.5	1.5
Mar-17	2.1	1.7
Jun-17	1.9	1.7
Sep-17	1.8	1.7
Dec-17	1.9	1.7
Mar-18	1.9	1.7
Jun-18	2.1	1.6
Sep-18	1.9	1.7
Dec-18	1.8	1.8
Mar-19	1.3	1.6
Jun-19	1.6	1.5
Sep-19	1.7	1.5
Dec-19	1.8	1.5
Mar-20	2.2	1.7
Jun-20	-0.3	1.2
Sep-20	0.7	1.1
Dec-20	0.9	1.2
Mar-21	1.1	1.1
Jun-21	3.8	1.6
Sep-21	3.0	2.1
Dec-21	3.5	2.6
Mar-22	5.1	3.7
Jun-22	6.1	4.9
Sep-22	7.3	6.1
Dec-22	7.8	6.9

All groups CPI, Australia, annual movement (%)

["","All groups CPI","Trimmed mean"]

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.7000000000000002],[4.9000000000000004],[6.0999999999999996],[6.9000000000000004]]]

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Services annual inflation of 5.5% the highest since 2008

The services component of the CPI recorded its largest annual rise since 2008, driven by holiday travel and meals out and takeaway food. Annual inflation for goods saw little change from the previous quarter.

CPI, Goods and Services components, annual movement (%)
	Goods (%)	Services (%)
Dec-04	2.2	3.1
Mar-05	1.7	3.6
Jun-05	2.1	3.2
Sep-05	3.1	2.9
Dec-05	2.6	3.1
Mar-06	3.1	2.8
Jun-06	4.5	3.3
Sep-06	4.2	3.6
Dec-06	2.9	3.8
Mar-07	1.8	3.4
Jun-07	1.2	3.3
Sep-07	0.8	3.4
Dec-07	2.5	3.7
Mar-08	4.1	4.4
Jun-08	3.9	5.4
Sep-08	4.4	5.8
Dec-08	2.5	5
Mar-09	2	3.1
Jun-09	1.3	1.6
Sep-09	1.3	1.1
Dec-09	2.7	1.4
Mar-10	2.6	3.4
Jun-10	2.8	3.4
Sep-10	2.4	3.4
Dec-10	2.6	2.7
Mar-11	3.6	2.9
Jun-11	3.7	3.5
Sep-11	3.3	3.9
Dec-11	2.1	4.5
Mar-12	0	3.8
Jun-12	-0.4	3.5
Sep-12	0.7	3.5
Dec-12	1.1	3.6
Mar-13	1.5	3.8
Jun-13	1.3	3.8
Sep-13	1.2	3.6
Dec-13	2	3.7
Mar-14	2.7	3.3
Jun-14	2.9	3.3
Sep-14	1.9	2.8
Dec-14	1	2.7
Mar-15	0	3.1
Jun-15	0.7	2.7
Sep-15	0.6	2.7
Dec-15	1.2	2.4
Mar-16	0.9	1.9
Jun-16	0.3	2
Sep-16	1	1.8
Dec-16	1.3	1.7
Mar-17	2.5	1.6
Jun-17	2	1.8
Sep-17	1.8	1.8
Dec-17	2.2	1.7
Mar-18	2	2
Jun-18	2.3	1.8
Sep-18	2.2	1.6
Dec-18	1.7	1.7
Mar-19	1.3	1.3
Jun-19	1.5	1.4
Sep-19	1.5	1.8
Dec-19	1.9	1.8
Mar-20	2.7	1.8
Jun-20	1.3	-2.2
Sep-20	1.8	-0.6
Dec-20	1.1	0.8
Mar-21	1.1	1.1
Jun-21	2.8	5.1
Sep-21	2.8	3.5
Dec-21	4.3	2.3
Mar-22	6.6	3
Jun-22	8.4	3.3
Sep-22	9.6	4.1
Dec-22	9.5	5.5

Free childcare
End of free childcare

CPI, Goods and Services components, annual movement (%)

["","Goods","Services"]

[["Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[2.2000000000000002],[1.7],[2.1000000000000001],[3.1000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[3.1000000000000001],[4.5],[4.2000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[1.8],[1.2],[0.80000000000000004],[2.5],[4.0999999999999996],[3.8999999999999999],[4.4000000000000004],[2.5],[2],[1.3],[1.3],[2.7000000000000002],[2.6000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[2.3999999999999999],[2.6000000000000001],[3.6000000000000001],[3.7000000000000002],[3.2999999999999998],[2.1000000000000001],[0],[-0.40000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[1.1000000000000001],[1.5],[1.3],[1.2],[2],[2.7000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999],[1],[0],[0.69999999999999996],[0.59999999999999998],[1.2],[0.90000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[1],[1.3],[2.5],[2],[1.8],[2.2000000000000002],[2],[2.2999999999999998],[2.2000000000000002],[1.7],[1.3],[1.5],[1.5],[1.8999999999999999],[2.7000000000000002],[1.3],[1.8],[1.1000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[4.2999999999999998],[6.5999999999999996],[8.4000000000000004],[9.5999999999999996],[9.5]],[[3.1000000000000001],[3.6000000000000001],[3.2000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[3.1000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[3.6000000000000001],[3.7999999999999998],[3.3999999999999999],[3.2999999999999998],[3.3999999999999999],[3.7000000000000002],[4.4000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[5.7999999999999998],[5],[3.1000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1.3999999999999999],[3.3999999999999999],[3.3999999999999999],[3.3999999999999999],[2.7000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[3.5],[3.8999999999999999],[4.5],[3.7999999999999998],[3.5],[3.5],[3.6000000000000001],[3.7999999999999998],[3.7999999999999998],[3.6000000000000001],[3.7000000000000002],[3.2999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7000000000000002],[3.1000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[2.7000000000000002],[2.3999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999],[2],[1.8],[1.7],[1.6000000000000001],[1.8],[1.8],[1.7],[2],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[1.7],[1.3],[1.3999999999999999],[1.8],[1.8],[1.8],[-2.2000000000000002],[-0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[1.1000000000000001],[5.0999999999999996],[3.5],[2.2999999999999998],[3],[3.2999999999999998],[4.0999999999999996],[5.5]]]

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Rate of price growth for new dwellings starts to ease

High labour and materials costs continue to drive increases in prices for new dwellings. The rate of price growth has started to ease over recent quarters following a record annual rise in the September 2022 quarter.

Fewer payments of government construction grants compared to the previous quarter also contributed to the rise this quarter. These grants have the effect of reducing out-of-pocket expenses for new dwelling purchases.

New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
Dec-99	3.2	7.9
Mar-00	1.6	7.9
Jun-00	0.5	7.5
Sep-00	8.1	13.9
Dec-00	0.3	10.7
Mar-01	0.1	9.1
Jun-01	-0.3	8.2
Sep-01	0.9	1.0
Dec-01	1.0	1.8
Mar-02	0.9	2.5
Jun-02	1.0	3.8
Sep-02	1.0	3.9
Dec-02	0.7	3.6
Mar-03	1.5	4.3
Jun-03	1.9	5.2
Sep-03	1.7	6.0
Dec-03	1.1	6.4
Mar-04	1.0	5.9
Jun-04	1.4	5.4
Sep-04	1.1	4.7
Dec-04	1.5	5.2
Mar-05	1.4	5.5
Jun-05	0.9	5.0
Sep-05	1.2	5.0
Dec-05	0.8	4.3
Mar-06	0.4	3.3
Jun-06	1.1	3.5
Sep-06	0.2	2.5
Dec-06	0.5	2.1
Mar-07	1.0	2.8
Jun-07	0.9	2.7
Sep-07	1.0	3.5
Dec-07	1.4	4.4
Mar-08	1.7	5.1
Jun-08	1.0	5.1
Sep-08	1.3	5.4
Dec-08	0.2	4.2
Mar-09	-0.5	2.0
Jun-09	0.9	1.8
Sep-09	1.1	1.6
Dec-09	0.9	2.4
Mar-10	1.3	4.2
Jun-10	0.5	3.8
Sep-10	0.5	3.3
Dec-10	0.7	3.0
Mar-11	0.8	2.6
Jun-11	0.4	2.5
Sep-11	-0.1	1.8
Dec-11	0.3	1.4
Mar-12	-0.1	0.5
Jun-12	0.1	0.2
Sep-12	0.9	1.2
Dec-12	0.1	1.0
Mar-13	1.7	2.8
Jun-13	0.9	3.6
Sep-13	0.5	3.2
Dec-13	1.0	4.1
Mar-14	0.1	2.4
Jun-14	1.6	3.2
Sep-14	1.1	3.8
Dec-14	1.1	4.0
Mar-15	0.9	4.8
Jun-15	1.5	4.8
Sep-15	0.7	4.3
Dec-15	0.1	3.3
Mar-16	0.2	2.5
Jun-16	0.9	1.9
Sep-16	0.4	1.6
Dec-16	0.5	2.0
Mar-17	1.0	2.8
Jun-17	0.9	2.8
Sep-17	0.8	3.1
Dec-17	0.6	3.2
Mar-18	0.5	2.7
Jun-18	0.8	2.7
Sep-18	0.1	2.0
Dec-18	0.4	1.8
Mar-19	-0.2	1.2
Jun-19	-0.2	0.2
Sep-19	-0.2	-0.1
Dec-19	0.4	-0.1
Mar-20	0.4	0.5
Jun-20	0.1	0.7
Sep-20	0.5	1.4
Dec-20	0.7	1.7
Mar-21	-0.1	1.2
Jun-21	-0.1	1.0
Sep-21	3.3	3.8
Dec-21	4.2	7.5
Mar-22	5.7	13.7
Jun-22	5.6	20.3
Sep-22	3.7	20.7
Dec-22	1.7	17.8

GST introduced

New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Annual change"]

[["Dec-99","Mar-00","Jun-00","Sep-00","Dec-00","Mar-01","Jun-01","Sep-01","Dec-01","Mar-02","Jun-02","Sep-02","Dec-02","Mar-03","Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[3.2000000000000002],[1.6000000000000001],[0.5],[8.0999999999999996],[0.29999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.90000000000000002],[1],[0.90000000000000002],[1],[1],[0.69999999999999996],[1.5],[1.8999999999999999],[1.7],[1.1000000000000001],[1],[1.3999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[1.5],[1.3999999999999999],[0.90000000000000002],[1.2],[0.80000000000000004],[0.40000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.5],[1],[0.90000000000000002],[1],[1.3999999999999999],[1.7],[1],[1.3],[0.20000000000000001],[-0.5],[0.90000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[1.3],[0.5],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.80000000000000004],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.10000000000000001],[1.7],[0.90000000000000002],[0.5],[1],[0.10000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[1.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.10000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[1],[0.90000000000000002],[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.80000000000000004],[0.10000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.20000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.10000000000000001],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[3.2999999999999998],[4.2000000000000002],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[3.7000000000000002],[1.7]],[[7.9000000000000004],[7.9000000000000004],[7.5],[13.9],[10.699999999999999],[9.0999999999999996],[8.1999999999999993],[1],[1.8],[2.5],[3.7999999999999998],[3.8999999999999999],[3.6000000000000001],[4.2999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002],[6],[6.4000000000000004],[5.9000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[4.7000000000000002],[5.2000000000000002],[5.5],[5],[5],[4.2999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[3.5],[2.5],[2.1000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7000000000000002],[3.5],[4.4000000000000004],[5.0999999999999996],[5.0999999999999996],[5.4000000000000004],[4.2000000000000002],[2],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[2.3999999999999999],[4.2000000000000002],[3.7999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[3],[2.6000000000000001],[2.5],[1.8],[1.3999999999999999],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[1.2],[1],[2.7999999999999998],[3.6000000000000001],[3.2000000000000002],[4.0999999999999996],[2.3999999999999999],[3.2000000000000002],[3.7999999999999998],[4],[4.7999999999999998],[4.7999999999999998],[4.2999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[2.5],[1.8999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[2],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[3.1000000000000001],[3.2000000000000002],[2.7000000000000002],[2.7000000000000002],[2],[1.8],[1.2],[0.20000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[1.3999999999999999],[1.7],[1.2],[1],[3.7999999999999998],[7.5],[13.699999999999999],[20.300000000000001],[20.699999999999999],[17.800000000000001]]]

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Rent prices continue to rise across the capital cities

Rental price growth in Sydney and Melbourne has continued to increase this quarter, with both cities recording their strongest annual rises since 2014 and 2015 respectively, reflecting a tight rental market.

Annual growth in rent prices for the remaining capital cities continues to outpace price growth in Sydney and Melbourne, reflecting lower vacancy rates in those cities.

Rents, annual movement (%)
	Sydney (%)	Melbourne (%)	Remaining Six Capital Cities (%)	Australia (%)
Dec-12	4.4	2.5	3.8	3.7
Mar-13	4.0	2.3	3.9	3.5
Jun-13	3.9	1.8	4.0	3.5
Sep-13	3.6	2.0	3.7	3.2
Dec-13	3.4	2.0	3.3	3.0
Mar-14	3.3	1.9	2.9	2.8
Jun-14	3.0	1.7	2.3	2.4
Sep-14	3.2	1.9	1.9	2.4
Dec-14	3.1	2.4	1.5	2.4
Mar-15	2.9	2.5	0.9	2.1
Jun-15	2.5	2.6	0.5	1.8
Sep-15	2.4	2.1	0.1	1.5
Dec-15	2.3	1.7	-0.5	1.2
Mar-16	2.4	1.4	-1.1	0.9
Jun-16	2.3	1.4	-1.5	0.7
Sep-16	2.5	1.5	-1.8	0.7
Dec-16	2.5	1.5	-2.2	0.6
Mar-17	2.4	1.7	-2.1	0.7
Jun-17	2.6	1.7	-2.4	0.6
Sep-17	2.3	1.8	-2.5	0.5
Dec-17	2.3	1.9	-2.1	0.7
Mar-18	2.4	2.1	-1.8	0.9
Jun-18	2.1	1.9	-1.8	0.7
Sep-18	1.8	1.8	-1.5	0.6
Dec-18	1.4	1.8	-1.3	0.6
Mar-19	0.7	1.6	-0.9	0.4
Jun-19	0.3	1.7	-0.4	0.4
Sep-19	-0.3	1.7	-0.1	0.3
Dec-19	-0.8	1.6	0.2	0.2
Mar-20	-1.0	1.5	0.5	0.2
Jun-20	-3.0	0.1	0.0	-1.2
Sep-20	-3.0	-0.7	-0.2	-1.5
Dec-20	-2.7	-1.1	0.1	-1.3
Mar-21	-2.9	-1.4	0.4	-1.4
Jun-21	-1.4	-0.7	2.1	0.0
Sep-21	-1.7	-0.7	3.7	0.4
Dec-21	-1.9	-1.1	4.1	0.3
Mar-22	-1.2	-0.8	5.1	1.0
Jun-22	-0.3	-0.2	5.3	1.6
Sep-22	1.6	1.2	5.6	2.8
Dec-22	3.3	2.2	6.2	4.0

Rents, annual movement (%)

["","Sydney","Melbourne","Remaining Six Capital Cities","Australia"]

[["Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[4.4000000000000004],[4],[3.8999999999999999],[3.6000000000000001],[3.3999999999999999],[3.2999999999999998],[3],[3.2000000000000002],[3.1000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[2.5],[2.3999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[2.3999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[2.5],[2.5],[2.3999999999999999],[2.6000000000000001],[2.2999999999999998],[2.2999999999999998],[2.3999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8],[1.3999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.80000000000000004],[-1],[-3],[-3],[-2.7000000000000002],[-2.8999999999999999],[-1.3999999999999999],[-1.7],[-1.8999999999999999],[-1.2],[-0.29999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[3.2999999999999998]],[[2.5],[2.2999999999999998],[1.8],[2],[2],[1.8999999999999999],[1.7],[1.8999999999999999],[2.3999999999999999],[2.5],[2.6000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[1.7],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[1.5],[1.5],[1.7],[1.7],[1.8],[1.8999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[1.7],[1.7],[1.6000000000000001],[1.5],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.69999999999999996],[-1.1000000000000001],[-1.3999999999999999],[-0.69999999999999996],[-0.69999999999999996],[-1.1000000000000001],[-0.80000000000000004],[-0.20000000000000001],[1.2],[2.2000000000000002]],[[3.7999999999999998],[3.8999999999999999],[4],[3.7000000000000002],[3.2999999999999998],[2.8999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[1.8999999999999999],[1.5],[0.90000000000000002],[0.5],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.5],[-1.1000000000000001],[-1.5],[-1.8],[-2.2000000000000002],[-2.1000000000000001],[-2.3999999999999999],[-2.5],[-2.1000000000000001],[-1.8],[-1.8],[-1.5],[-1.3],[-0.90000000000000002],[-0.40000000000000002],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.5],[0],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[2.1000000000000001],[3.7000000000000002],[4.0999999999999996],[5.0999999999999996],[5.2999999999999998],[5.5999999999999996],[6.2000000000000002]],[[3.7000000000000002],[3.5],[3.5],[3.2000000000000002],[3],[2.7999999999999998],[2.3999999999999999],[2.3999999999999999],[2.3999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8],[1.5],[1.2],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.69999999999999996],[0.59999999999999998],[0.69999999999999996],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[-1.2],[-1.5],[-1.3],[-1.3999999999999999],[0],[0.40000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[1],[1.6000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[4]]]

[]

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Grocery prices rise further, offset by fruit and vegetables

Strong price rises were seen across most food and non-food grocery products in the December quarter. These increases reflected elevated input costs for farmers and producers of packaged goods, as well as strong Christmas demand. Fruit and vegetables experienced the strongest quarterly fall since 2012, however prices remain elevated compared to 12 months ago.

Grocery products, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
Bread and cereal products	3.4	12.2
Meat and seafoods	1.0	8.2
Dairy and related products	4.2	14.9
Fruit and vegetables	-7.3	8.5
Other food products	2.7	11.0
Non alcoholic beverages	0.7	10.5
Non-durable household products	2.3	12.0

Grocery products, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Annual change"]

[["Bread and cereal products","Meat and seafoods","Dairy and related products","Fruit and vegetables","Other food products","Non alcoholic beverages","Non-durable household products"],[[3.3999999999999999],[1],[4.2000000000000002],[-7.2999999999999998],[2.7000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[2.2999999999999998]],[[12.199999999999999],[8.1999999999999993],[14.9],[8.5],[11],[10.5],[12]]]

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Fuel prices remain high despite recent falls

Automotive fuel prices rose 2.2% in the December quarter. The Federal Government restored the full fuel-excise on 30 September, from 22 cents per litre to 46 cents per litre, which drove growth in the first two months of the quarter, before lower wholesale prices flowed through in December. For the December quarter, automotive fuel prices remain 13.2% higher compared to 12 months ago.

Average price of unleaded petrol (91 octane), cents per litre
	Daily average price of ULP (Cents)	Quarterly average price of ULP (Cents)
Dec-19	158.32	149.89
Dec-19	157.01	149.89
Dec-19	154.82	149.89
Dec-19	152.50	149.89
Dec-19	149.58	149.89
Dec-19	147.42	149.89
Dec-19	144.47	149.89
Dec-19	148.66	149.89
Dec-19	146.98	149.89
Dec-19	145.02	149.89
Dec-19	144.16	149.89
Dec-19	144.66	149.89
Dec-19	143.89	149.89
Dec-19	143.02	149.89
Dec-19	146.73	149.89
Dec-19	146.79	149.89
Dec-19	145.92	149.89
Dec-19	146.32	149.89
Dec-19	146.56	149.89
Dec-19	147.38	149.89
Dec-19	149.86	149.89
Dec-19	159.10	149.89
Dec-19	160.53	149.89
Dec-19	159.72	149.89
Dec-19	158.39	149.89
Dec-19	156.20	149.89
Dec-19	155.33	149.89
Dec-19	155.58	149.89
Dec-19	159.92	149.89
Dec-19	158.16	149.89
Dec-19	154.79	149.89
Dec-19	153.12	149.89
Dec-19	149.93	149.89
Dec-19	148.00	149.89
Dec-19	145.76	149.89
Dec-19	147.88	149.89
Dec-19	145.44	149.89
Dec-19	142.78	149.89
Dec-19	140.62	149.89
Dec-19	138.72	149.89
Dec-19	137.53	149.89
Dec-19	136.19	149.89
Dec-19	140.20	149.89
Dec-19	143.57	149.89
Dec-19	144.96	149.89
Dec-19	145.57	149.89
Dec-19	146.10	149.89
Dec-19	147.15	149.89
Dec-19	148.76	149.89
Dec-19	155.81	149.89
Dec-19	157.77	149.89
Dec-19	158.98	149.89
Dec-19	159.04	149.89
Dec-19	157.24	149.89
Dec-19	156.59	149.89
Dec-19	155.00	149.89
Dec-19	157.67	149.89
Dec-19	155.22	149.89
Dec-19	152.19	149.89
Dec-19	150.82	149.89
Dec-19	147.84	149.89
Dec-19	147.37	149.89
Dec-19	144.45	149.89
Dec-19	146.71	149.89
Dec-19	145.39	149.89
Dec-19	144.08	149.89
Dec-19	143.61	149.89
Dec-19	143.14	149.89
Dec-19	142.73	149.89
Dec-19	144.01	149.89
Dec-19	154.72	149.89
Dec-19	158.94	149.89
Dec-19	160.61	149.89
Dec-19	160.46	149.89
Dec-19	158.20	149.89
Dec-19	159.28	149.89
Dec-19	158.69	149.89
Dec-19	162.07	149.89
Dec-19	160.05	149.89
Dec-19	157.05	149.89
Dec-19	153.35	149.89
Dec-19	150.11	149.89
Dec-19	147.93	149.89
Dec-19	145.98	149.89
Dec-19	147.86	149.89
Dec-19	147.47	149.89
Dec-19	145.70	149.89
Dec-19	143.73	149.89
Dec-19	141.78	149.89
Dec-19	140.71	149.89
Dec-19	139.00	149.89
Dec-19	140.72	149.89
Mar-20	143.47	139.40
Mar-20	142.05	139.40
Mar-20	143.51	139.40
Mar-20	144.10	139.40
Mar-20	143.14	139.40
Mar-20	142.35	139.40
Mar-20	147.04	139.40
Mar-20	148.26	139.40
Mar-20	148.76	139.40
Mar-20	150.68	139.40
Mar-20	151.82	139.40
Mar-20	152.58	139.40
Mar-20	153.56	139.40
Mar-20	160.44	139.40
Mar-20	160.93	139.40
Mar-20	159.34	139.40
Mar-20	156.06	139.40
Mar-20	152.74	139.40
Mar-20	152.96	139.40
Mar-20	153.27	139.40
Mar-20	156.21	139.40
Mar-20	154.07	139.40
Mar-20	150.76	139.40
Mar-20	147.86	139.40
Mar-20	145.34	139.40
Mar-20	143.34	139.40
Mar-20	140.93	139.40
Mar-20	143.97	139.40
Mar-20	142.05	139.40
Mar-20	139.27	139.40
Mar-20	136.99	139.40
Mar-20	134.75	139.40
Mar-20	133.32	139.40
Mar-20	133.58	139.40
Mar-20	137.42	139.40
Mar-20	140.03	139.40
Mar-20	141.00	139.40
Mar-20	140.75	139.40
Mar-20	139.68	139.40
Mar-20	139.14	139.40
Mar-20	140.80	139.40
Mar-20	148.04	139.40
Mar-20	155.00	139.40
Mar-20	155.72	139.40
Mar-20	154.90	139.40
Mar-20	151.05	139.40
Mar-20	149.19	139.40
Mar-20	148.68	139.40
Mar-20	149.08	139.40
Mar-20	148.64	139.40
Mar-20	148.03	139.40
Mar-20	146.74	139.40
Mar-20	143.23	139.40
Mar-20	141.40	139.40
Mar-20	139.24	139.40
Mar-20	138.32	139.40
Mar-20	138.32	139.40
Mar-20	135.79	139.40
Mar-20	133.38	139.40
Mar-20	132.29	139.40
Mar-20	130.19	139.40
Mar-20	129.13	139.40
Mar-20	129.85	139.40
Mar-20	130.99	139.40
Mar-20	130.00	139.40
Mar-20	128.24	139.40
Mar-20	126.84	139.40
Mar-20	125.77	139.40
Mar-20	124.51	139.40
Mar-20	125.58	139.40
Mar-20	127.66	139.40
Mar-20	128.62	139.40
Mar-20	126.80	139.40
Mar-20	126.52	139.40
Mar-20	125.80	139.40
Mar-20	124.13	139.40
Mar-20	126.83	139.40
Mar-20	130.21	139.40
Mar-20	129.75	139.40
Mar-20	130.71	139.40
Mar-20	129.01	139.40
Mar-20	128.60	139.40
Mar-20	128.67	139.40
Mar-20	129.49	139.40
Mar-20	128.72	139.40
Mar-20	126.57	139.40
Mar-20	124.31	139.40
Mar-20	120.56	139.40
Mar-20	119.09	139.40
Mar-20	120.37	139.40
Mar-20	126.52	139.40
Jun-20	120.09	110.49
Jun-20	119.78	110.49
Jun-20	119.32	110.49
Jun-20	116.25	110.49
Jun-20	114.25	110.49
Jun-20	112.68	110.49
Jun-20	112.09	110.49
Jun-20	115.44	110.49
Jun-20	113.45	110.49
Jun-20	109.81	110.49
Jun-20	107.68	110.49
Jun-20	104.83	110.49
Jun-20	102.60	110.49
Jun-20	102.49	110.49
Jun-20	106.21	110.49
Jun-20	106.20	110.49
Jun-20	105.35	110.49
Jun-20	103.15	110.49
Jun-20	101.26	110.49
Jun-20	99.81	110.49
Jun-20	97.92	110.49
Jun-20	102.46	110.49
Jun-20	100.48	110.49
Jun-20	97.40	110.49
Jun-20	95.20	110.49
Jun-20	93.60	110.49
Jun-20	92.46	110.49
Jun-20	92.30	110.49
Jun-20	99.76	110.49
Jun-20	100.14	110.49
Jun-20	100.92	110.49
Jun-20	99.41	110.49
Jun-20	97.79	110.49
Jun-20	96.20	110.49
Jun-20	96.84	110.49
Jun-20	104.13	110.49
Jun-20	105.24	110.49
Jun-20	104.70	110.49
Jun-20	103.87	110.49
Jun-20	106.28	110.49
Jun-20	107.45	110.49
Jun-20	108.53	110.49
Jun-20	115.18	110.49
Jun-20	115.28	110.49
Jun-20	113.44	110.49
Jun-20	111.11	110.49
Jun-20	109.38	110.49
Jun-20	108.72	110.49
Jun-20	107.36	110.49
Jun-20	112.29	110.49
Jun-20	110.92	110.49
Jun-20	108.91	110.49
Jun-20	108.18	110.49
Jun-20	109.05	110.49
Jun-20	108.43	110.49
Jun-20	107.38	110.49
Jun-20	112.49	110.49
Jun-20	110.94	110.49
Jun-20	109.06	110.49
Jun-20	108.05	110.49
Jun-20	106.64	110.49
Jun-20	106.22	110.49
Jun-20	105.39	110.49
Jun-20	111.61	110.49
Jun-20	112.48	110.49
Jun-20	112.47	110.49
Jun-20	112.60	110.49
Jun-20	116.41	110.49
Jun-20	117.87	110.49
Jun-20	119.12	110.49
Jun-20	127.78	110.49
Jun-20	127.46	110.49
Jun-20	126.33	110.49
Jun-20	124.18	110.49
Jun-20	122.12	110.49
Jun-20	120.49	110.49
Jun-20	119.21	110.49
Jun-20	124.31	110.49
Jun-20	122.80	110.49
Jun-20	120.70	110.49
Jun-20	121.71	110.49
Jun-20	120.99	110.49
Jun-20	119.27	110.49
Jun-20	118.15	110.49
Jun-20	123.71	110.49
Jun-20	122.64	110.49
Jun-20	120.71	110.49
Jun-20	119.04	110.49
Jun-20	117.69	110.49
Jun-20	116.77	110.49
Jun-20	115.91	110.49
Sep-20	123.48	123.34
Sep-20	123.93	123.34
Sep-20	122.87	123.34
Sep-20	122.36	123.34
Sep-20	122.51	123.34
Sep-20	122.66	123.34
Sep-20	121.94	123.34
Sep-20	126.26	123.34
Sep-20	126.58	123.34
Sep-20	123.87	123.34
Sep-20	121.52	123.34
Sep-20	120.32	123.34
Sep-20	119.62	123.34
Sep-20	118.92	123.34
Sep-20	125.28	123.34
Sep-20	124.42	123.34
Sep-20	125.59	123.34
Sep-20	125.73	123.34
Sep-20	126.40	123.34
Sep-20	126.10	123.34
Sep-20	124.86	123.34
Sep-20	129.73	123.34
Sep-20	127.69	123.34
Sep-20	125.19	123.34
Sep-20	123.31	123.34
Sep-20	121.75	123.34
Sep-20	119.97	123.34
Sep-20	119.95	123.34
Sep-20	128.73	123.34
Sep-20	130.58	123.34
Sep-20	129.55	123.34
Sep-20	128.81	123.34
Sep-20	128.31	123.34
Sep-20	127.96	123.34
Sep-20	126.34	123.34
Sep-20	132.11	123.34
Sep-20	129.77	123.34
Sep-20	126.06	123.34
Sep-20	122.21	123.34
Sep-20	120.31	123.34
Sep-20	119.28	123.34
Sep-20	117.28	123.34
Sep-20	123.50	123.34
Sep-20	123.35	123.34
Sep-20	120.70	123.34
Sep-20	119.01	123.34
Sep-20	118.73	123.34
Sep-20	117.28	123.34
Sep-20	115.35	123.34
Sep-20	121.22	123.34
Sep-20	120.19	123.34
Sep-20	118.03	123.34
Sep-20	116.83	123.34
Sep-20	115.25	123.34
Sep-20	115.36	123.34
Sep-20	115.98	123.34
Sep-20	125.51	123.34
Sep-20	126.81	123.34
Sep-20	127.16	123.34
Sep-20	129.73	123.34
Sep-20	131.96	123.34
Sep-20	133.82	123.34
Sep-20	132.61	123.34
Sep-20	138.98	123.34
Sep-20	136.67	123.34
Sep-20	132.70	123.34
Sep-20	129.34	123.34
Sep-20	127.16	123.34
Sep-20	125.54	123.34
Sep-20	123.99	123.34
Sep-20	129.70	123.34
Sep-20	127.53	123.34
Sep-20	124.41	123.34
Sep-20	122.90	123.34
Sep-20	122.11	123.34
Sep-20	122.45	123.34
Sep-20	121.90	123.34
Sep-20	127.70	123.34
Sep-20	125.14	123.34
Sep-20	121.73	123.34
Sep-20	118.45	123.34
Sep-20	116.03	123.34
Sep-20	113.89	123.34
Sep-20	112.46	123.34
Sep-20	118.99	123.34
Sep-20	117.13	123.34
Sep-20	114.71	123.34
Sep-20	113.61	123.34
Sep-20	114.84	123.34
Sep-20	114.33	123.34
Sep-20	113.86	123.34
Sep-20	120.61	123.34
Dec-20	121.94	123.17
Dec-20	119.99	123.17
Dec-20	117.63	123.17
Dec-20	116.02	123.17
Dec-20	114.17	123.17
Dec-20	115.26	123.17
Dec-20	122.57	123.17
Dec-20	122.48	123.17
Dec-20	120.71	123.17
Dec-20	117.84	123.17
Dec-20	117.50	123.17
Dec-20	118.85	123.17
Dec-20	118.37	123.17
Dec-20	126.17	123.17
Dec-20	124.92	123.17
Dec-20	123.04	123.17
Dec-20	120.14	123.17
Dec-20	121.87	123.17
Dec-20	123.30	123.17
Dec-20	122.97	123.17
Dec-20	131.65	123.17
Dec-20	131.43	123.17
Dec-20	127.37	123.17
Dec-20	124.78	123.17
Dec-20	123.11	123.17
Dec-20	121.75	123.17
Dec-20	119.18	123.17
Dec-20	125.86	123.17
Dec-20	124.01	123.17
Dec-20	120.98	123.17
Dec-20	119.57	123.17
Dec-20	116.62	123.17
Dec-20	114.70	123.17
Dec-20	112.18	123.17
Dec-20	120.39	123.17
Dec-20	118.89	123.17
Dec-20	117.06	123.17
Dec-20	115.65	123.17
Dec-20	114.90	123.17
Dec-20	115.01	123.17
Dec-20	116.47	123.17
Dec-20	125.17	123.17
Dec-20	126.12	123.17
Dec-20	124.32	123.17
Dec-20	121.56	123.17
Dec-20	120.69	123.17
Dec-20	120.57	123.17
Dec-20	121.64	123.17
Dec-20	129.07	123.17
Dec-20	129.17	123.17
Dec-20	127.51	123.17
Dec-20	123.68	123.17
Dec-20	122.14	123.17
Dec-20	121.20	123.17
Dec-20	119.69	123.17
Dec-20	124.75	123.17
Dec-20	122.62	123.17
Dec-20	119.97	123.17
Dec-20	116.95	123.17
Dec-20	120.33	123.17
Dec-20	120.29	123.17
Dec-20	119.20	123.17
Dec-20	125.02	123.17
Dec-20	123.48	123.17
Dec-20	122.09	123.17
Dec-20	120.39	123.17
Dec-20	119.44	123.17
Dec-20	119.59	123.17
Dec-20	119.57	123.17
Dec-20	127.08	123.17
Dec-20	125.92	123.17
Dec-20	126.70	123.17
Dec-20	125.59	123.17
Dec-20	127.90	123.17
Dec-20	127.78	123.17
Dec-20	127.66	123.17
Dec-20	136.20	123.17
Dec-20	134.82	123.17
Dec-20	133.39	123.17
Dec-20	131.18	123.17
Dec-20	130.61	123.17
Dec-20	131.14	123.17
Dec-20	129.12	123.17
Dec-20	135.81	123.17
Dec-20	133.32	123.17
Dec-20	129.57	123.17
Dec-20	126.49	123.17
Dec-20	125.03	123.17
Dec-20	124.33	123.17
Dec-20	122.62	123.17
Dec-20	128.67	123.17
Dec-20	126.93	123.17
Mar-21	124.05	134.65
Mar-21	121.99	134.65
Mar-21	121.91	134.65
Mar-21	121.02	134.65
Mar-21	119.77	134.65
Mar-21	126.27	134.65
Mar-21	124.62	134.65
Mar-21	121.81	134.65
Mar-21	118.93	134.65
Mar-21	116.93	134.65
Mar-21	115.33	134.65
Mar-21	114.65	134.65
Mar-21	122.98	134.65
Mar-21	123.21	134.65
Mar-21	122.80	134.65
Mar-21	121.92	134.65
Mar-21	124.08	134.65
Mar-21	126.91	134.65
Mar-21	130.31	134.65
Mar-21	143.78	134.65
Mar-21	145.93	134.65
Mar-21	144.05	134.65
Mar-21	140.15	134.65
Mar-21	138.55	134.65
Mar-21	138.38	134.65
Mar-21	134.67	134.65
Mar-21	142.97	134.65
Mar-21	140.19	134.65
Mar-21	136.35	134.65
Mar-21	133.46	134.65
Mar-21	133.08	134.65
Mar-21	134.81	134.65
Mar-21	133.30	134.65
Mar-21	138.63	134.65
Mar-21	136.33	134.65
Mar-21	133.76	134.65
Mar-21	130.69	134.65
Mar-21	128.64	134.65
Mar-21	126.19	134.65
Mar-21	124.86	134.65
Mar-21	131.19	134.65
Mar-21	130.98	134.65
Mar-21	129.67	134.65
Mar-21	128.05	134.65
Mar-21	128.99	134.65
Mar-21	129.18	134.65
Mar-21	128.79	134.65
Mar-21	140.03	134.65
Mar-21	137.74	134.65
Mar-21	136.10	134.65
Mar-21	133.23	134.65
Mar-21	132.06	134.65
Mar-21	133.44	134.65
Mar-21	133.28	134.65
Mar-21	140.37	134.65
Mar-21	139.26	134.65
Mar-21	137.11	134.65
Mar-21	134.67	134.65
Mar-21	134.37	134.65
Mar-21	138.30	134.65
Mar-21	139.88	134.65
Mar-21	152.01	134.65
Mar-21	150.21	134.65
Mar-21	147.86	134.65
Mar-21	145.24	134.65
Mar-21	143.43	134.65
Mar-21	140.28	134.65
Mar-21	139.47	134.65
Mar-21	147.05	134.65
Mar-21	144.28	134.65
Mar-21	141.38	134.65
Mar-21	139.04	134.65
Mar-21	139.73	134.65
Mar-21	138.24	134.65
Mar-21	137.56	134.65
Mar-21	146.58	134.65
Mar-21	144.61	134.65
Mar-21	142.07	134.65
Mar-21	138.98	134.65
Mar-21	137.08	134.65
Mar-21	135.86	134.65
Mar-21	134.97	134.65
Mar-21	143.23	134.65
Mar-21	142.47	134.65
Mar-21	140.59	134.65
Mar-21	138.46	134.65
Mar-21	138.92	134.65
Mar-21	140.50	134.65
Mar-21	140.49	134.65
Mar-21	152.74	134.65
Jun-21	152.77	143.59
Jun-21	152.09	143.59
Jun-21	150.28	143.59
Jun-21	148.09	143.59
Jun-21	146.88	143.59
Jun-21	145.64	143.59
Jun-21	152.89	143.59
Jun-21	151.64	143.59
Jun-21	149.68	143.59
Jun-21	147.52	143.59
Jun-21	146.02	143.59
Jun-21	145.23	143.59
Jun-21	143.01	143.59
Jun-21	149.20	143.59
Jun-21	145.88	143.59
Jun-21	143.44	143.59
Jun-21	140.61	143.59
Jun-21	139.77	143.59
Jun-21	138.65	143.59
Jun-21	136.73	143.59
Jun-21	143.31	143.59
Jun-21	141.38	143.59
Jun-21	139.83	143.59
Jun-21	137.87	143.59
Jun-21	138.18	143.59
Jun-21	136.77	143.59
Jun-21	136.25	143.59
Jun-21	142.99	143.59
Jun-21	141.75	143.59
Jun-21	140.66	143.59
Jun-21	138.01	143.59
Jun-21	137.67	143.59
Jun-21	139.11	143.59
Jun-21	140.86	143.59
Jun-21	147.93	143.59
Jun-21	148.97	143.59
Jun-21	147.31	143.59
Jun-21	143.14	143.59
Jun-21	142.23	143.59
Jun-21	142.47	143.59
Jun-21	144.56	143.59
Jun-21	150.51	143.59
Jun-21	148.79	143.59
Jun-21	146.56	143.59
Jun-21	144.04	143.59
Jun-21	145.28	143.59
Jun-21	144.36	143.59
Jun-21	143.58	143.59
Jun-21	149.83	143.59
Jun-21	148.13	143.59
Jun-21	144.78	143.59
Jun-21	141.62	143.59
Jun-21	140.28	143.59
Jun-21	138.67	143.59
Jun-21	137.47	143.59
Jun-21	144.56	143.59
Jun-21	142.93	143.59
Jun-21	140.86	143.59
Jun-21	138.34	143.59
Jun-21	138.48	143.59
Jun-21	139.07	143.59
Jun-21	138.63	143.59
Jun-21	148.28	143.59
Jun-21	146.88	143.59
Jun-21	145.12	143.59
Jun-21	141.87	143.59
Jun-21	141.37	143.59
Jun-21	141.80	143.59
Jun-21	141.23	143.59
Jun-21	149.76	143.59
Jun-21	147.83	143.59
Jun-21	144.01	143.59
Jun-21	140.15	143.59
Jun-21	138.70	143.59
Jun-21	138.86	143.59
Jun-21	137.50	143.59
Jun-21	145.33	143.59
Jun-21	142.81	143.59
Jun-21	140.50	143.59
Jun-21	137.41	143.59
Jun-21	136.48	143.59
Jun-21	136.98	143.59
Jun-21	137.73	143.59
Jun-21	145.91	143.59
Jun-21	146.55	143.59
Jun-21	145.42	143.59
Jun-21	144.04	143.59
Jun-21	144.79	143.59
Jun-21	147.20	143.59
Jun-21	149.51	143.59
Jun-21	159.02	143.59
Sep-21	162.45	153.85
Sep-21	160.61	153.85
Sep-21	157.35	153.85
Sep-21	157.12	153.85
Sep-21	157.01	153.85
Sep-21	156.96	153.85
Sep-21	162.82	153.85
Sep-21	159.83	153.85
Sep-21	156.45	153.85
Sep-21	153.23	153.85
Sep-21	153.19	153.85
Sep-21	152.73	153.85
Sep-21	151.02	153.85
Sep-21	155.64	153.85
Sep-21	153.12	153.85
Sep-21	150.64	153.85
Sep-21	147.37	153.85
Sep-21	145.62	153.85
Sep-21	144.48	153.85
Sep-21	143.82	153.85
Sep-21	152.44	153.85
Sep-21	150.94	153.85
Sep-21	148.88	153.85
Sep-21	146.37	153.85
Sep-21	147.60	153.85
Sep-21	147.76	153.85
Sep-21	147.97	153.85
Sep-21	159.09	153.85
Sep-21	157.75	153.85
Sep-21	155.20	153.85
Sep-21	152.93	153.85
Sep-21	151.96	153.85
Sep-21	149.99	153.85
Sep-21	148.79	153.85
Sep-21	157.87	153.85
Sep-21	155.94	153.85
Sep-21	153.78	153.85
Sep-21	151.18	153.85
Sep-21	152.41	153.85
Sep-21	154.61	153.85
Sep-21	155.07	153.85
Sep-21	163.59	153.85
Sep-21	160.96	153.85
Sep-21	156.89	153.85
Sep-21	153.24	153.85
Sep-21	151.33	153.85
Sep-21	151.74	153.85
Sep-21	150.52	153.85
Sep-21	158.13	153.85
Sep-21	155.74	153.85
Sep-21	153.05	153.85
Sep-21	149.49	153.85
Sep-21	149.00	153.85
Sep-21	150.50	153.85
Sep-21	149.24	153.85
Sep-21	157.11	153.85
Sep-21	153.77	153.85
Sep-21	150.68	153.85
Sep-21	147.40	153.85
Sep-21	146.23	153.85
Sep-21	144.92	153.85
Sep-21	145.68	153.85
Sep-21	152.29	153.85
Sep-21	150.24	153.85
Sep-21	148.66	153.85
Sep-21	146.68	153.85
Sep-21	147.66	153.85
Sep-21	148.51	153.85
Sep-21	148.96	153.85
Sep-21	159.15	153.85
Sep-21	158.84	153.85
Sep-21	157.59	153.85
Sep-21	155.78	153.85
Sep-21	155.91	153.85
Sep-21	157.56	153.85
Sep-21	157.34	153.85
Sep-21	164.77	153.85
Sep-21	162.29	153.85
Sep-21	160.72	153.85
Sep-21	157.92	153.85
Sep-21	156.53	153.85
Sep-21	157.71	153.85
Sep-21	154.99	153.85
Sep-21	164.26	153.85
Sep-21	162.89	153.85
Sep-21	159.76	153.85
Sep-21	156.44	153.85
Sep-21	154.98	153.85
Sep-21	154.12	153.85
Sep-21	152.28	153.85
Sep-21	155.77	153.85
Sep-21	154.14	153.85
Dec-21	152.25	164.21
Dec-21	150.85	164.21
Dec-21	150.61	164.21
Dec-21	149.45	164.21
Dec-21	148.87	164.21
Dec-21	158.38	164.21
Dec-21	159.22	164.21
Dec-21	160.44	164.21
Dec-21	161.95	164.21
Dec-21	161.21	164.21
Dec-21	160.73	164.21
Dec-21	161.02	164.21
Dec-21	162.48	164.21
Dec-21	164.06	164.21
Dec-21	165.44	164.21
Dec-21	165.03	164.21
Dec-21	166.09	164.21
Dec-21	167.87	164.21
Dec-21	167.33	164.21
Dec-21	174.41	164.21
Dec-21	174.89	164.21
Dec-21	174.79	164.21
Dec-21	174.07	164.21
Dec-21	174.12	164.21
Dec-21	173.82	164.21
Dec-21	172.54	164.21
Dec-21	171.12	164.21
Dec-21	169.88	164.21
Dec-21	168.59	164.21
Dec-21	167.43	164.21
Dec-21	166.60	164.21
Dec-21	165.78	164.21
Dec-21	164.50	164.21
Dec-21	170.44	164.21
Dec-21	168.77	164.21
Dec-21	167.92	164.21
Dec-21	167.42	164.21
Dec-21	167.56	164.21
Dec-21	166.50	164.21
Dec-21	166.71	164.21
Dec-21	166.26	164.21
Dec-21	165.12	164.21
Dec-21	164.35	164.21
Dec-21	163.18	164.21
Dec-21	162.36	164.21
Dec-21	162.01	164.21
Dec-21	161.76	164.21
Dec-21	170.88	164.21
Dec-21	170.68	164.21
Dec-21	169.94	164.21
Dec-21	169.93	164.21
Dec-21	171.65	164.21
Dec-21	172.78	164.21
Dec-21	174.03	164.21
Dec-21	176.83	164.21
Dec-21	176.19	164.21
Dec-21	174.34	164.21
Dec-21	171.87	164.21
Dec-21	170.44	164.21
Dec-21	169.75	164.21
Dec-21	166.76	164.21
Dec-21	172.84	164.21
Dec-21	170.95	164.21
Dec-21	168.30	164.21
Dec-21	166.51	164.21
Dec-21	165.82	164.21
Dec-21	164.46	164.21
Dec-21	162.58	164.21
Dec-21	161.66	164.21
Dec-21	158.86	164.21
Dec-21	157.11	164.21
Dec-21	155.44	164.21
Dec-21	156.73	164.21
Dec-21	157.19	164.21
Dec-21	156.17	164.21
Dec-21	162.76	164.21
Dec-21	161.80	164.21
Dec-21	160.59	164.21
Dec-21	159.82	164.21
Dec-21	158.88	164.21
Dec-21	159.06	164.21
Dec-21	159.13	164.21
Dec-21	157.82	164.21
Dec-21	155.99	164.21
Dec-21	155.80	164.21
Dec-21	154.02	164.21
Dec-21	153.73	164.21
Dec-21	151.95	164.21
Dec-21	151.16	164.21
Dec-21	157.91	164.21
Dec-21	159.76	164.21
Dec-21	160.05	164.21
Mar-22	163.20	183.32
Mar-22	163.97	183.32
Mar-22	163.92	183.32
Mar-22	163.21	183.32
Mar-22	162.01	183.32
Mar-22	161.51	183.32
Mar-22	162.61	183.32
Mar-22	162.27	183.32
Mar-22	163.38	183.32
Mar-22	164.52	183.32
Mar-22	164.73	183.32
Mar-22	173.18	183.32
Mar-22	173.86	183.32
Mar-22	173.81	183.32
Mar-22	171.80	183.32
Mar-22	171.70	183.32
Mar-22	172.08	183.32
Mar-22	172.04	183.32
Mar-22	172.24	183.32
Mar-22	171.85	183.32
Mar-22	170.73	183.32
Mar-22	167.80	183.32
Mar-22	167.47	183.32
Mar-22	167.39	183.32
Mar-22	166.91	183.32
Mar-22	171.96	183.32
Mar-22	171.44	183.32
Mar-22	170.08	183.32
Mar-22	168.63	183.32
Mar-22	168.43	183.32
Mar-22	167.12	183.32
Mar-22	170.22	183.32
Mar-22	170.70	183.32
Mar-22	173.66	183.32
Mar-22	175.16	183.32
Mar-22	175.31	183.32
Mar-22	175.52	183.32
Mar-22	175.93	183.32
Mar-22	176.66	183.32
Mar-22	182.55	183.32
Mar-22	183.75	183.32
Mar-22	183.44	183.32
Mar-22	182.90	183.32
Mar-22	183.28	183.32
Mar-22	183.29	183.32
Mar-22	182.85	183.32
Mar-22	182.15	183.32
Mar-22	181.57	183.32
Mar-22	180.59	183.32
Mar-22	179.16	183.32
Mar-22	178.64	183.32
Mar-22	179.17	183.32
Mar-22	177.96	183.32
Mar-22	182.33	183.32
Mar-22	183.03	183.32
Mar-22	184.35	183.32
Mar-22	184.39	183.32
Mar-22	184.42	183.32
Mar-22	185.52	183.32
Mar-22	184.72	183.32
Mar-22	186.20	183.32
Mar-22	186.18	183.32
Mar-22	185.22	183.32
Mar-22	184.92	183.32
Mar-22	185.32	183.32
Mar-22	185.84	183.32
Mar-22	187.28	183.32
Mar-22	196.93	183.32
Mar-22	204.35	183.32
Mar-22	210.39	183.32
Mar-22	212.58	183.32
Mar-22	213.79	183.32
Mar-22	215.88	183.32
Mar-22	216.91	183.32
Mar-22	216.24	183.32
Mar-22	215.01	183.32
Mar-22	213.22	183.32
Mar-22	211.34	183.32
Mar-22	210.05	183.32
Mar-22	209.41	183.32
Mar-22	206.63	183.32
Mar-22	209.80	183.32
Mar-22	207.86	183.32
Mar-22	206.11	183.32
Mar-22	204.09	183.32
Mar-22	203.00	183.32
Mar-22	201.46	183.32
Mar-22	199.95	183.32
Mar-22	194.59	183.32
Mar-22	188.98	183.32
Jun-22	184.72	189.34
Jun-22	181.45	189.34
Jun-22	179.13	189.34
Jun-22	175.55	189.34
Jun-22	170.41	189.34
Jun-22	171.89	189.34
Jun-22	170.12	189.34
Jun-22	168.26	189.34
Jun-22	166.72	189.34
Jun-22	165.77	189.34
Jun-22	164.72	189.34
Jun-22	163.34	189.34
Jun-22	162.00	189.34
Jun-22	160.66	189.34
Jun-22	159.53	189.34
Jun-22	158.95	189.34
Jun-22	158.57	189.34
Jun-22	158.22	189.34
Jun-22	158.19	189.34
Jun-22	165.78	189.34
Jun-22	172.19	189.34
Jun-22	175.96	189.34
Jun-22	176.79	189.34
Jun-22	177.99	189.34
Jun-22	179.14	189.34
Jun-22	179.81	189.34
Jun-22	179.69	189.34
Jun-22	179.43	189.34
Jun-22	178.27	189.34
Jun-22	177.58	189.34
Jun-22	178.48	189.34
Jun-22	178.36	189.34
Jun-22	179.21	189.34
Jun-22	182.80	189.34
Jun-22	180.19	189.34
Jun-22	179.61	189.34
Jun-22	181.36	189.34
Jun-22	182.75	189.34
Jun-22	183.56	189.34
Jun-22	183.70	189.34
Jun-22	184.31	189.34
Jun-22	184.70	189.34
Jun-22	186.07	189.34
Jun-22	188.09	189.34
Jun-22	190.94	189.34
Jun-22	193.55	189.34
Jun-22	195.69	189.34
Jun-22	202.28	189.34
Jun-22	204.10	189.34
Jun-22	204.88	189.34
Jun-22	205.83	189.34
Jun-22	206.57	189.34
Jun-22	205.57	189.34
Jun-22	202.92	189.34
Jun-22	200.39	189.34
Jun-22	198.86	189.34
Jun-22	197.34	189.34
Jun-22	195.82	189.34
Jun-22	195.34	189.34
Jun-22	195.12	189.34
Jun-22	195.02	189.34
Jun-22	197.56	189.34
Jun-22	197.36	189.34
Jun-22	196.62	189.34
Jun-22	198.14	189.34
Jun-22	200.95	189.34
Jun-22	201.94	189.34
Jun-22	202.13	189.34
Jun-22	201.14	189.34
Jun-22	200.52	189.34
Jun-22	199.72	189.34
Jun-22	199.23	189.34
Jun-22	199.61	189.34
Jun-22	199.99	189.34
Jun-22	200.53	189.34
Jun-22	205.72	189.34
Jun-22	208.51	189.34
Jun-22	210.91	189.34
Jun-22	214.02	189.34
Jun-22	215.60	189.34
Jun-22	216.08	189.34
Jun-22	214.06	189.34
Jun-22	212.38	189.34
Jun-22	211.04	189.34
Jun-22	209.67	189.34
Jun-22	208.68	189.34
Jun-22	207.77	189.34
Jun-22	207.43	189.34
Jun-22	206.25	189.34
Jun-22	211.20	189.34
Jun-22	211.24	189.34
Sep-22	211.40	179.14
Sep-22	211.69	179.14
Sep-22	213.91	179.14
Sep-22	215.15	179.14
Sep-22	215.21	179.14
Sep-22	216.14	179.14
Sep-22	213.67	179.14
Sep-22	210.31	179.14
Sep-22	207.02	179.14
Sep-22	205.52	179.14
Sep-22	204.30	179.14
Sep-22	202.01	179.14
Sep-22	204.24	179.14
Sep-22	202.11	179.14
Sep-22	199.34	179.14
Sep-22	196.69	179.14
Sep-22	194.17	179.14
Sep-22	191.68	179.14
Sep-22	189.00	179.14
Sep-22	189.34	179.14
Sep-22	188.03	179.14
Sep-22	187.46	179.14
Sep-22	185.11	179.14
Sep-22	183.43	179.14
Sep-22	180.39	179.14
Sep-22	176.65	179.14
Sep-22	179.33	179.14
Sep-22	177.04	179.14
Sep-22	174.56	179.14
Sep-22	171.90	179.14
Sep-22	169.61	179.14
Sep-22	170.69	179.14
Sep-22	168.96	179.14
Sep-22	173.17	179.14
Sep-22	171.90	179.14
Sep-22	169.74	179.14
Sep-22	167.42	179.14
Sep-22	166.63	179.14
Sep-22	165.61	179.14
Sep-22	163.75	179.14
Sep-22	169.18	179.14
Sep-22	167.78	179.14
Sep-22	166.13	179.14
Sep-22	165.32	179.14
Sep-22	166.43	179.14
Sep-22	167.86	179.14
Sep-22	168.51	179.14
Sep-22	173.25	179.14
Sep-22	173.84	179.14
Sep-22	172.81	179.14
Sep-22	173.01	179.14
Sep-22	173.52	179.14
Sep-22	175.49	179.14
Sep-22	174.81	179.14
Sep-22	181.97	179.14
Sep-22	180.64	179.14
Sep-22	178.79	179.14
Sep-22	176.55	179.14
Sep-22	176.47	179.14
Sep-22	178.30	179.14
Sep-22	175.87	179.14
Sep-22	173.82	179.14
Sep-22	171.27	179.14
Sep-22	168.22	179.14
Sep-22	166.01	179.14
Sep-22	164.83	179.14
Sep-22	163.10	179.14
Sep-22	160.42	179.14
Sep-22	163.88	179.14
Sep-22	162.28	179.14
Sep-22	161.01	179.14
Sep-22	160.14	179.14
Sep-22	160.07	179.14
Sep-22	160.13	179.14
Sep-22	160.96	179.14
Sep-22	164.15	179.14
Sep-22	164.38	179.14
Sep-22	163.50	179.14
Sep-22	163.33	179.14
Sep-22	164.06	179.14
Sep-22	166.36	179.14
Sep-22	166.81	179.14
Sep-22	174.96	179.14
Sep-22	176.87	179.14
Sep-22	177.61	179.14
Sep-22	178.71	179.14
Sep-22	182.98	179.14
Sep-22	184.44	179.14
Sep-22	182.70	179.14
Sep-22	184.12	179.14
Sep-22	184.47	179.14
Sep-22	184.48	179.14
Dec-22	183.15	182.72
Dec-22	182.80	182.72
Dec-22	182.81	182.72
Dec-22	182.18	182.72
Dec-22	186.14	182.72
Dec-22	184.69	182.72
Dec-22	183.52	182.72
Dec-22	182.22	182.72
Dec-22	180.56	182.72
Dec-22	178.71	182.72
Dec-22	176.07	182.72
Dec-22	176.39	182.72
Dec-22	176.36	182.72
Dec-22	176.46	182.72
Dec-22	178.27	182.72
Dec-22	179.65	182.72
Dec-22	179.50	182.72
Dec-22	178.90	182.72
Dec-22	182.86	182.72
Dec-22	181.53	182.72
Dec-22	181.23	182.72
Dec-22	180.67	182.72
Dec-22	179.99	182.72
Dec-22	181.22	182.72
Dec-22	184.71	182.72
Dec-22	188.99	182.72
Dec-22	187.24	182.72
Dec-22	186.43	182.72
Dec-22	186.01	182.72
Dec-22	186.47	182.72
Dec-22	186.52	182.72
Dec-22	188.25	182.72
Dec-22	197.07	182.72
Dec-22	197.32	182.72
Dec-22	197.24	182.72
Dec-22	197.53	182.72
Dec-22	195.69	182.72
Dec-22	196.53	182.72
Dec-22	197.18	182.72
Dec-22	201.76	182.72
Dec-22	200.89	182.72
Dec-22	198.22	182.72
Dec-22	195.50	182.72
Dec-22	194.50	182.72
Dec-22	193.68	182.72
Dec-22	192.19	182.72
Dec-22	195.33	182.72
Dec-22	192.97	182.72
Dec-22	190.21	182.72
Dec-22	187.26	182.72
Dec-22	185.59	182.72
Dec-22	185.05	182.72
Dec-22	183.92	182.72
Dec-22	187.24	182.72
Dec-22	186.36	182.72
Dec-22	185.44	182.72
Dec-22	184.37	182.72
Dec-22	184.05	182.72
Dec-22	182.35	182.72
Dec-22	179.18	182.72
Dec-22	179.92	182.72
Dec-22	179.00	182.72
Dec-22	176.35	182.72
Dec-22	175.03	182.72
Dec-22	173.24	182.72
Dec-22	172.07	182.72
Dec-22	170.96	182.72
Dec-22	175.26	182.72
Dec-22	173.20	182.72
Dec-22	172.15	182.72
Dec-22	173.16	182.72
Dec-22	173.74	182.72
Dec-22	173.50	182.72
Dec-22	172.40	182.72
Dec-22	176.96	182.72
Dec-22	174.82	182.72
Dec-22	172.71	182.72
Dec-22	170.73	182.72
Dec-22	170.25	182.72
Dec-22	170.22	182.72
Dec-22	170.15	182.72
Dec-22	177.37	182.72
Dec-22	177.40	182.72
Dec-22	175.31	182.72
Dec-22	174.66	182.72
Dec-22	174.17	182.72
Dec-22	175.43	182.72
Dec-22	177.10	182.72
Dec-22	185.42	182.72
Dec-22	184.02	182.72
Dec-22	184.33	182.72
Dec-22	184.23	182.72

Average price of unleaded petrol (91 octane), cents per litre

["","Daily average price of ULP","Quarterly average price of ULP"]

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Higher Discretionary inflation in the December quarter

Discretionary inflation increased 2.6% in the December quarter following higher prices for holiday travel and meals out and takeaway. The annual movement reached a new high of 7.1%, while non-discretionary inflation remained stable at 8.4%.

CPI, non-discretionary and discretionary, quarterly and annual movements (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
CPI	1.9	7.8
Non-discretionary inflation	1.3	8.4
Discretionary inflation	2.6	7.1

CPI, non-discretionary and discretionary, quarterly and annual movements (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Annual change"]

[["CPI","Non-discretionary inflation","Discretionary inflation"],[[1.8999999999999999],[1.3],[2.6000000000000001]],[[7.7999999999999998],[8.4000000000000004],[7.0999999999999996]]]

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Main contributors to change

CPI groups

Weighted average of eight capital cities, quarterly movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	All groups CPI - Change from previous quarter (%)
All groups CPI		1.9
Food and non-alcoholic beverages	0.9
Alcohol and tobacco	1.2
Clothing and footwear	2.6
Housing	1.9
Furnishings, household equipment and services	1.8
Health	0.8
Transport	1.7
Communication	-0.5
Recreation and culture	5.4
Education	0.1
Insurance and financial services	2.0

Weighted average of eight capital cities, quarterly movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","All groups CPI - Change from previous quarter"]

[["All groups CPI","Food and non-alcoholic beverages","Alcohol and tobacco","Clothing and footwear","Housing","Furnishings, household equipment and services","Health","Transport","Communication","Recreation and culture","Education","Insurance and financial services"],[[null],[0.90000000000000002],[1.2],[2.6000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[0.80000000000000004],[1.7],[-0.5],[5.4000000000000004],[0.10000000000000001],[2]],[[1.8999999999999999],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null]]]

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Food and non-alcoholic beverages group (+0.9%)

Alcohol and tobacco group (+1.2%)

Clothing and footwear group (+2.6%)

Housing group (+1.9%)

Electricity rose 8.6% due to the unwinding of electricity rebates this quarter. Last quarter electricity costs fell in Perth and Canberra following the introduction of the Western Australian Government’s $400 household electricity credit, and the ACT Government’s $50 rebate for concession households. This quarter the effects of these rebates were largely reversed as they had less impact on households’ electricity bills.
The rise this quarter was partially offset by the ongoing impact of the Queensland Government's $175 Cost of Living rebate, and the introduction of the Tasmanian Government's $119 Winter Bill Buster electricity discount for concession households.
New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers rose 1.7% due to builders passing through increased costs for labour and materials. The rate of price growth has continued to ease this quarter reflecting subdued new demand and improvements in the supply of materials. Fewer grant payments this quarter from the Federal Government's HomeBuilder program and similar state-based housing construction grants also contributed to the rise.

The following graph shows the new dwellings series including and excluding government housing construction grants.

New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers, Index
	Excluding Government Housing Construction Grants (Index)	Including Government Housing Construction Grants (Index)
Jun-20	100.0	100.0
Sep-20	100.6	100.5
Dec-20	101.8	101.2
Mar-21	103.1	101.1
Jun-21	105.0	101.0
Sep-21	108.2	104.3
Dec-21	112.1	108.7
Mar-22	117.0	114.9
Jun-22	123.1	121.3
Sep-22	127.5	125.8
Dec-22	129.2	127.9

New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers, Index

["","Excluding Government Housing Construction Grants","Including Government Housing Construction Grants"]

[["Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[100],[100.59999999999999],[101.8],[103.09999999999999],[105],[108.2],[112.09999999999999],[117],[123.09999999999999],[127.5],[129.19999999999999]],[[100],[100.5],[101.2],[101.09999999999999],[101],[104.3],[108.7],[114.90000000000001],[121.3],[125.8],[127.90000000000001]]]

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Index, June 2020 = 100.0

Rents rose 1.2% this quarter with the annual rise of 4.0% the highest since 2012.
All capital cities contributed to the quarterly and annual rises in rents, reflecting low vacancy rates and competitive rental markets across the country.

Rents, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
Australia	1.2	4.0
Sydney	1.5	3.3
Melbourne	0.6	2.2
Brisbane	1.6	6.0
Adelaide	1.2	4.9
Perth	1.3	8.0
Hobart	0.3	4.7
Darwin	1.3	7.8
Canberra	1.1	6.0

Rents, quarterly and annual movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Annual change"]

[["Australia","Sydney","Melbourne","Brisbane","Adelaide","Perth","Hobart","Darwin","Canberra"],[[1.2],[1.5],[0.59999999999999998],[1.6000000000000001],[1.2],[1.3],[0.29999999999999999],[1.3],[1.1000000000000001]],[[4],[3.2999999999999998],[2.2000000000000002],[6],[4.9000000000000004],[8],[4.7000000000000002],[7.7999999999999998],[6]]]

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In seasonally adjusted terms, the group rose 1.8%. The main contributors were Electricity (+6.9%) and New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers (+1.7%).

Over the past twelve months the group rose 10.7%. The main contributor to the rise was New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers (+17.8%).

Furnishings, household equipment and services group (+1.8%)

Health group (+0.8%)

Transport group (+1.7%)

Communication group (-0.5%)

Recreation and culture group (+5.4%)

Education group (+0.1%)

Insurance and financial services group (+2.0%)

International trade exposure - tradables and non-tradables

Tradables and non-tradables, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
Non-tradables	2.1	7.4
Tradables	1.5	8.7

Discretionary and non-discretionary inflation

Underlying inflation series

Seasonally adjusted analytical series

Sep Qtr 2022 to Dec Qtr 2022 percentage change
	Original (%)	Seasonally Adjusted (%)
All groups CPI	1.9	1.8
Food and non-alcoholic beverages	0.9	1.1
Alcohol and tobacco	1.2	0.9
Clothing and footwear	2.6	2.2
Housing	1.9	1.8
Furnishings, household equipment and services	1.8	2.1
Health	0.8	2.1
Transport	1.7	1.7
Communication	-0.5	-0.1
Recreation and culture	5.4	4.2
Education	0.1	0.6
Insurance and financial services	2.0	2.0
International trade exposure series
	Tradables	1.5	1.7
	Non-tradables	2.1	1.8

Capital cities comparison

All groups CPI

All groups CPI, quarterly movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Weighted average of eight capital cities - Change from previous quarter (%)
Weighted average of eight capital cities		1.9
Sydney	1.8
Melbourne	1.6
Brisbane	1.5
Adelaide	1.7
Perth	3.6
Hobart	1.5
Darwin	0.9
Canberra	1.2

All groups CPI, quarterly movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Weighted average of eight capital cities - Change from previous quarter"]

[["Weighted average of eight capital cities","Sydney","Melbourne","Brisbane","Adelaide","Perth","Hobart","Darwin","Canberra"],[[null],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[1.5],[1.7],[3.6000000000000001],[1.5],[0.90000000000000002],[1.2]],[[1.8999999999999999],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null],[null]]]

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All groups CPI, All groups index numbers and percentage changes
	Index number(a)	Percentage change (%)
	Dec Qtr 2022	Sep Qtr 2022 to Dec Qtr 2022	Dec Qtr 2021 to Dec Qtr 2022
Sydney	130.9	1.8	7.6
Melbourne	131.1	1.6	8.0
Brisbane	132.1	1.5	7.7
Adelaide	130.8	1.7	8.6
Perth	129.3	3.6	8.3
Hobart	132.4	1.5	7.7
Darwin	126.6	0.9	7.1
Canberra	129.5	1.2	7.1
Weighted average of eight capital cities	130.8	1.9	7.8

a. Index reference period: 2011-12 = 100.0.

Capital city highlights:

At the All groups level, the CPI rose in all eight capital cities, ranging from 0.9% in Darwin to 3.6% in Perth.

Sydney (+1.8%)

Melbourne (+1.6%)

Brisbane (+1.5%)

Adelaide (+1.7%)

Perth (+3.6%)

Hobart (+1.5%)

Darwin (+0.9%)

Canberra (+1.2%)

Quarterly percentage change by capital city
Group	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
All groups	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.7	3.6	1.5	0.9	1.2	1.9
Food & non-alcoholic beverages	0.8	1.0	1.1	1.0	0.7	0.7	-0.1	0.8	0.9
Alcohol & tobacco	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.3	0.9	1.3	0.8	1.2
Clothing & footwear	2.8	2.3	2.6	1.3	3.0	2.6	3.1	1.9	2.6
Housing	1.3	0.9	-0.4	1.4	11.6	0.0	0.7	0.6	1.9
Furnishings, household equipment and services	1.7	1.4	1.9	1.6	2.5	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.8
Health	1.1	0.6	1.1	0.9	0.1	0.8	1.3	0.5	0.8
Transport	2.0	1.3	2.1	2.3	1.9	0.3	0.5	-0.6	1.7
Communication	-0.5	-0.4	-0.4	-0.4	-0.5	-0.5	-0.4	-0.5	-0.5
Recreation & culture	5.6	6.1	4.9	5.0	4.6	7.2	2.2	4.7	5.4
Education	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1
Insurance & financial services	2.6	1.7	1.4	2.0	1.7	2.4	1.0	3.6	2.0

Selected tables - capital cities

All groups CPI, index numbers(a)

All groups CPI, Index numbers(a)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2022 December	130.9	131.1	132.1	130.8	129.3	132.4	126.6	129.5	130.8
2022 September	128.6	129.0	130.2	128.6	124.8	130.5	125.5	128.0	128.4
2022 June	125.7	126.4	127.9	125.3	125.4	127.6	123.2	125.6	126.1
2022 March	123.7	124.2	125.3	122.7	123.3	125.4	120.7	123.6	123.9
2021 December	121.6	121.4	122.6	120.4	119.4	122.9	118.2	120.9	121.3
2021 September	120.2	120.1	120.7	118.6	117.7	120.2	117.3	119.7	119.7
2021 June	119.4	119.1	119.2	117.8	116.8	119.8	115.6	118.2	118.8
2021 March	118.5	118.8	118.2	117.2	114.6	118.5	114.4	117.3	117.9
2020 December	118.0	118.4	117.5	116.5	113.0	117.6	111.5	116.3	117.2
2020 September	116.8	116.7	116.2	115.7	114.1	116.7	110.8	115.4	116.2
2020 June	114.7	115.7	113.6	114.6	112.1	115.6	109.0	112.8	114.4
2020 March	117.4	117.8	116.2	115.8	113.5	117.2	111.8	115.5	116.6
2019 December	117.1	116.9	116.3	115.4	113.1	116.7	111.5	115.0	116.2
2019 September	116.5	115.9	115.5	114.5	112.6	114.7	111.3	114.3	115.4
2019 June	115.9	115.3	114.8	113.7	112.0	114.1	111.0	113.5	114.8
2019 March	115.1	114.7	114.1	113.1	111.2	113.4	110.1	113.2	114.1
2018 December	115.2	114.6	114.0	113.0	111.3	113.6	111.0	113.1	114.1
2018 September	114.7	114.0	113.4	112.4	110.8	112.2	110.8	112.3	113.5
2021-22	122.8	123.0	124.1	121.8	121.5	124.0	119.9	122.5	122.8
2020-21	118.2	118.3	117.8	116.8	114.6	118.2	113.1	116.8	117.5
2019-20	116.4	116.6	115.4	115.1	112.8	116.1	110.9	114.4	115.7

All groups CPI, percentage changes

Percentage change (from previous financial year)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2021-22	3.9	4.0	5.4	4.2	6.0	5.0	6.0	4.8	4.4
2020-21	1.5	1.4	2.1	1.5	1.6	1.8	2.0	2.1	1.6
2019-20	1.0	1.7	1.2	1.8	1.3	2.4	0.2	1.2	1.3

Percentage change (from corresponding quarter of previous year)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2022 December	7.6	8.0	7.7	8.6	8.3	7.7	7.1	7.1	7.8
2022 September	7.0	7.4	7.9	8.4	6.0	8.6	7.0	6.9	7.3
2022 June	5.3	6.1	7.3	6.4	7.4	6.5	6.6	6.3	6.1
2022 March	4.4	4.5	6.0	4.7	7.6	5.8	5.5	5.4	5.1
2021 December	3.1	2.5	4.3	3.3	5.7	4.5	6.0	4.0	3.5
2021 September	2.9	2.9	3.9	2.5	3.2	3.0	5.9	3.7	3.0
2021 June	4.1	2.9	4.9	2.8	4.2	3.6	6.1	4.8	3.8
2021 March	0.9	0.8	1.7	1.2	1.0	1.1	2.3	1.6	1.1
2020 December	0.8	1.3	1.0	1.0	-0.1	0.8	0.0	1.1	0.9
2020 September	0.3	0.7	0.6	1.0	1.3	1.7	-0.4	1.0	0.7
2020 June	-1.0	0.3	-1.0	0.8	0.1	1.3	-1.8	-0.6	-0.3
2020 March	2.0	2.7	1.8	2.4	2.1	3.4	1.5	2.0	2.2
2019 December	1.6	2.0	2.0	2.1	1.6	2.7	0.5	1.7	1.8
2019 September	1.6	1.7	1.9	1.9	1.6	2.2	0.5	1.8	1.7
2019 June	1.7	1.3	1.7	1.4	1.6	2.3	0.8	1.7	1.6
2019 March	1.3	1.2	1.5	1.3	1.1	2.1	0.4	1.8	1.3
2018 December	1.7	2.0	1.5	1.6	1.3	3.0	1.2	2.5	1.8

Percentage change (from previous quarter)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2022 December	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.7	3.6	1.5	0.9	1.2	1.9
2022 September	2.3	2.1	1.8	2.6	-0.5	2.3	1.9	1.9	1.8
2022 June	1.6	1.8	2.1	2.1	1.7	1.8	2.1	1.6	1.8
2022 March	1.7	2.3	2.2	1.9	3.3	2.0	2.1	2.2	2.1
2021 December	1.2	1.1	1.6	1.5	1.4	2.2	0.8	1.0	1.3
2021 September	0.7	0.8	1.3	0.7	0.8	0.3	1.5	1.3	0.8
2021 June	0.8	0.3	0.8	0.5	1.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.8
2021 March	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.6	1.4	0.8	2.6	0.9	0.6
2020 December	1.0	1.5	1.1	0.7	-1.0	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.9
2020 September	1.8	0.9	2.3	1.0	1.8	1.0	1.7	2.3	1.6
2020 June	-2.3	-1.8	-2.2	-1.0	-1.2	-1.4	-2.5	-2.3	-1.9
2020 March	0.3	0.8	-0.1	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
2019 December	0.5	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.4	1.7	0.2	0.6	0.7
2019 September	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.7	0.5
2019 June	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.3	0.6
2019 March	-0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.2	-0.8	0.1	0.0
2018 December	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	1.2	0.2	0.7	0.5

Longer term series: all groups CPI, weighted average of eight capital cities, index numbers

	31 March no.	30 June no.	30 September no.	31 December no.
2022	123.9	126.1	128.4	130.8
2021	117.9	118.8	119.7	121.3
2020	116.6	114.4	116.2	117.2
2019	114.1	114.8	115.4	116.2
2018	112.6	113.0	113.5	114.1
2017	110.5	110.7	111.4	112.1
2016	108.2	108.6	109.4	110.0
2015	106.8	107.5	108.0	108.4
2014	105.4	105.9	106.4	106.6
2013	102.4	102.8	104.0	104.8
2012	99.9	100.4	101.8	102.0
2011	98.3	99.2	99.8	99.8
2010	95.2	95.8	96.5	96.9
2009	92.5	92.9	93.8	94.3
2008	90.3	91.6	92.7	92.4
2007	86.6	87.7	88.3	89.1
2006	84.5	85.9	86.7	86.6
2005	82.1	82.6	83.4	83.8
2004	80.2	80.6	80.9	81.5
2003	78.6	78.6	79.1	79.5
2002	76.1	76.6	77.1	77.6
2001	73.9	74.5	74.7	75.4
2000	69.7	70.2	72.9	73.1
1999	67.8	68.1	68.7	69.1
1998	67.0	67.4	67.5	67.8
1997	67.1	66.9	66.6	66.8
1996	66.2	66.7	66.9	67.0
1995	63.8	64.7	65.5	66.0
1994	61.5	61.9	62.3	62.8
1993	60.6	60.8	61.1	61.2
1992	59.9	59.7	59.8	60.1
1991	58.9	59.0	59.3	59.9
1990	56.2	57.1	57.5	59.0
1989	51.7	53.0	54.2	55.2
1988	48.4	49.3	50.2	51.2
1987	45.3	46.0	46.8	47.6
1986	41.4	42.1	43.2	44.4
1985	37.9	38.8	39.7	40.5

Data downloads

Download all (5.83 MB)

Time Series Spreadsheets

Data files

TABLES 1 and 2. CPI: All Groups, Index Numbers and Percentage Changes
Download xlsx [90.7 KB]
TABLES 3 and 4. CPI: Groups, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities, Index Numbers and Percentage Changes
Download xlsx [92.36 KB]
TABLE 5. CPI: Groups, Index Numbers by Capital City
Download xlsx [172.75 KB]
TABLE 6. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class Contribution to Change in All Groups Indexes, by Capital City
Download xlsx [220.54 KB]
TABLE 7. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
Download xlsx [494.8 KB]
TABLE 8. CPI: Analytical Series, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
Download xlsx [144.39 KB]
TABLE 9. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Index Numbers by Capital City
Download xlsx [1.61 MB]
TABLE 10. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Percentage change from corresponding quarter of previous year by Capital City
Download xlsx [1.41 MB]
TABLE 11. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Percentage change from previous quarter by Capital City
Download xlsx [1.38 MB]
TABLE 12. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Points Contribution, by Capital City
Download xlsx [309.2 KB]
TABLE 13. CPI: Group, Expenditure Class and Selected Analytical Series Index Numbers, Seasonally adjusted, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
Download xlsx [185.91 KB]
TABLE 14. CPI: Expenditure Class, Combined seasonal adjustment factors, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
Download xlsx [237.22 KB]

Post-release changes

1 March 2023 - The "Average price of unleaded petrol (91 octane), cents per litre" graph in Overview was updated to show correct figures and axis labels for the December 2019 Quarter. Previously, the December 2021 Quarter figures were shown for this time period. No change was made to the December 2019 Quarter figures.

Article archive

CPI feature articles

CPI enhancements

Response to COVID-19

CPI 17th series review

Measuring Rents in the CPI

New data source:

As outlined in the ABS’ information paper Introducing a monthly CPI indicator for Australia, from July 2022 the ABS has incorporated a new data source to measure the Rents series in the monthly CPI indicator and the quarterly CPI.
The Rents series prior to July 2022 was measured on a quarterly basis using a survey of approximately 4,000 rental properties collected directly from real estate agents.
The new dataset obtained by the ABS is updated monthly and includes approximately 480,000 rental properties that are used to produce the CPI Rents series across all capital cities.

What the CPI Rents series measures:

The CPI measures the prices being paid by households for the goods and services that they consume during a particular measurement period (e.g. month or quarter). In the case of rents, this means that the CPI measures the current ‘price’ being paid by all types of households that rent including new and existing renters who are renting privately or from the government.
Measures of rental inflation that are based on newly advertised rental properties only measure changes in the asking or advertised price of rental properties for new tenancies. At any given time, newly advertised tenancies represent a relatively small proportion of properties being rented in Australia. The Rents series used for the CPI measures actual rents paid rather than advertised prices.
Advertised rents tend to reflect the dynamic end of the rental market where the price change for new tenancies can be more volatile than that being experienced by renters with existing tenancy agreements.
Price changes observed in advertised rents series are expected to eventually flow through to the CPI Rents series. However, the small share of rental properties leased to new tenants each quarter means that it takes some time for changes in advertised rents to impact price change observed in the CPI Rents series.
A useful analogy is to think about a bathtub of water. The water in the tub represents all rents being paid by households, while the water entering the tub from the tap represents new rental agreements. The CPI series is measuring the overall temperature of the bathtub whereas an advertised rents series measures the temperature of the water flowing into the tub. It will take some time for the flow of water to change the overall temperature of the water in the bathtub.

Using price indexes

Price indexes in contracts

Price indexes published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) provide summary measures of the movements in various categories of prices over time. They are published primarily for use in Government economic analysis. Price indexes are also often used in contracts by businesses and government to adjust payments and/or charges to take account of changes in categories of prices (Indexation Clauses).

Use of Price Indexes in Contracts sets out a range of issues that should be taken into account by parties considering including an Indexation Clause in a contract using an ABS published price index.

Frequently asked questions

The Frequently Asked Questions page has answers to a number of common questions to do with price indexes and the Consumer Price Index in particular.

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 6401.0.

Methodology

Consumer Price Index, Australia methodology, December Quarter 2022

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