Classification | Impacted variables | Change |
---|---|---|
Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups, 2019 (ASCCEG) | '1105 - Norfolk Islander' has been added to the classification. | |
Standard Australian Classification of Countries, 2016 (SACC) |
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Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations, 2013 v1.3 (ANZSCO) | Minor changes to the classification mainly related to skill levels from 2016. |
What's new for 2021
Classifications
Census uses the current Australian standard classifications where applicable to ensure Census data is comparable and compatible with previous censuses and other ABS data. These classifications are reviewed on an irregular basis to reflect changes in the Australian society. Several changes have occurred to these classifications since 2016.
Changes to classifications
Variables
The following tables outline:
- New variables - there are 56 new variables for 2021. Most of these are derived from the new questions on long-term health conditions and service in the Australian Defence Force.
- Changed variables - changes to questions, standards and classifications can affect how the data is output. This table describes key changes to variables from 2016 to 2021.
- Removed variables - details the three variables that were removed for 2021.
New variables
Variable | Mnemonic | Description of change |
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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander family indicator | This variable indicates families that have at least one person who identified as being Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander who is a usual resident of that dwelling and was present on Census night. | |
Ancestry one or two response indicator | This variable records whether a person provides one or two responses to the ancestry question, which asks 'What is the person's ancestry?'. Up to two ancestries only are recorded. | |
Australian Defence Force service | This variable describes whether a person is currently serving, has previously served, or has never served in the Australian Defence Force. This variable does not capture people who have served in non-Australian defence forces. | |
Australian Defence Force service, detailed | This variable describes how a person responded to the Defence Force Service question. It provides a detailed breakdown of the various valid combinations that a person could mark on the form. | |
Count of adults (15 years and over) with selected long-term health condition(s) in household | This variable counts the number of adults aged 15 years and over in a household who reported they had at least one of the selected long-term health conditions. | |
Count of children with selected long-term health condition(s) in household | This variable counts the number of children under 15 years of age in a household who reported they had at least one of the selected long-term health conditions. | |
Count of dependent children under 15 in family | This variable counts the number of dependent children under 15 years of age in the family. It includes up to three dependent children aged under 15 years who were temporarily absent from the household on Census night. This variable is related to the Count of Dependent Children Under 15 Temporarily Absent (CDCAF). | |
Count of dependent students (15-24 years) in family | This variable counts the number of dependent students (15-24 years old) in the family. It includes up to three dependent students aged 15-24 years who were temporarily absent from the household on Census night. This variable is related to the Count of Dependent Students (15-24 years) Temporarily Absent (CDSAF). | |
Count of persons with selected long-term health condition(s) in household | This variable counts the number of people in a household who reported they had at least one of the selected long-term health conditions. | |
Count of persons with selected long-term health condition(s) in household (ranges) | This variable counts the number of people in a household who reported they had at least one of the selected long-term health conditions and is output in ranges. | |
Count of selected long-term health conditions | This variable describes the number of selected long-term health conditions a person has. The selected long-term health conditions are arthritis, asthma, cancer, dementia, diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, lung conditions, mental health condition and stroke. Other long-term health condition(s) are not included in the count. | |
Main source of family income (administrative data) | FSAF | This variable indicates the main source of income that a family received. This is based on all income recorded in administrative data for the 2020/2021 financial year of family members aged 15 years or older who were present in the household on Census Night. |
Main source of household income (administrative data) | HSAD | This variable indicates the main source of income that a household received. This is based on all income recorded in administrative data for the 2020/2021 financial year of residents aged 15 years or older who were present in the household on Census Night. |
Main source of personal income (administrative data) | ISAP | This variable indicates the main source of income that a person received based on all income recorded in administrative data for the 2020/2021 financial year. |
Main type of family government benefit payment (administrative data) | FGAF | This variable indicates the main type of government benefit payment that a family received. This is based on all government benefits, pensions, and allowances recorded in administrative data for the 2020/2021 financial year of family members aged 15 years or older who were present in the household on Census Night. |
Main type of household government benefit payment (administrative data) | HGAD | This variable indicates the main type of government benefit payment that a household received. This is based on all government benefits, pensions, and allowances recorded in administrative data for the 2020/2021 financial year of residents aged 15 years or older who were present in the household on Census Night. |
Main type of personal government benefit payment (administrative data) | IGAP | This variable indicates the main type of government benefit payment that a person received based all government benefits, pensions, and allowances recorded in administrative data for the 2020/2021 financial year. |
Mortgage affordability indicator | This variable indicates the number of households where mortgage repayments were 'less than or equal to 30%' or 'more than 30%' of an imputed household income. | |
Occupation experimental update version 1 | OCCEV1P | This variable describes the primary job or occupation held by employed people in the week prior to Census Night. It has been created based on the ANZSCO - Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations, 2021 and represents the 2021 Australian update. |
Occupation skill level | This variable describes the occupation skill level of persons. Skill level is determined using the person’s occupation (see OCCP). | |
Occupation skill level experimental update version 1 | OCSKEV1P | This variable describes the occupation skill level of persons. It has been created based on the ANZSCO - Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations, 2021 and represents the 2021 Australian update. |
Parent indicator | This variable records the usually resident parent in a family household. It identifies parents of children in family households, provided the parent and child were counted in the same family on Census Night, or reported as temporarily absent on Census Night. | |
People with or working towards a non-school qualification | This variable indicates whether a person has a non-school qualification, is working towards a non-school qualification or both. This is derived from Census measures of Non-school qualifications: level of education (QALLP) and Type of educational institution attending (TYPP). | |
Rent affordability indicator | This variable indicates the number of households where rent payments were 'less than or equal to 30%' or 'More than 30%' of an imputed household income. | |
Spouse/partner indicator | This variable records the usually resident husband, wife or de facto partner in a couple family. It identifies the spouse or partner of each family reference person counted in the same family on Census Night or reported as temporarily absent on Census Night. The couple may be in a registered or de facto marriage. | |
Total family income (administrative data) (weekly) | FINAF | This variable is the sum of Total personal income (administrative data) (weekly) (INCAP) of each family member aged 15 years or older who was present in the household on Census Night. This excludes families where one or more family members aged 15 years and over did not have income information available in administrative data or was absent from the dwelling on Census Night. |
Total family income as available (administrative data) (weekly) | FIAASF | This variable is the sum of Total personal income (administrative data) (weekly) (INCAP) of each family member aged 15 years or older who was present in the household on Census Night. This includes families where one or more family members did not have income information available in administrative data or was absent from the dwelling on Census Night. |
Total household income (administrative data) (weekly) | HINAD | This variable is the sum of Total personal income (administrative data) (weekly) (INCAP) of each resident aged 15 years or older who was present in the household on Census Night. This excludes households where one or more resident did not have income information available in administrative data or was absent from the dwelling on Census Night. |
Total household income as available (administrative data) (weekly) | HIAASD | This variable is the sum of Total personal income (administrative data) (weekly) (INCAP) of each resident aged 15 years or older who was present in the household on Census Night. This includes households where one or more residents did not have income information available in administrative data or was absent from the dwelling on Census Night. |
Total personal income (administrative data) (weekly) | INCAP | This variable indicates the total weekly income (in ranges) that a person received, based on all income recorded in administrative data for the 2020/2021 financial year. |
Type of long-term health condition | This variable records the type of selected long-term health condition(s) a person has reported. Respondents can record multiple long-term health conditions. | |
Whether has arthritis | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have arthritis. | |
Whether has arthritis and asthma | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both arthritis and asthma. | |
Whether has arthritis and diabetes | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both arthritis and diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes). | |
Whether has arthritis and heart disease | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both arthritis and heart disease (including heart attack or angina). | |
Whether has arthritis and mental health condition | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both arthritis and a mental health condition (including depression or anxiety). | |
Whether has asthma | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have asthma. | |
Whether has asthma and heart disease | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both asthma and heart disease (including heart attack or angina). | |
Whether has asthma and lung condition | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both asthma and a lung condition (including COPD or emphysema). | |
Whether has cancer (including remission) | Describes whether a person reported that they have cancer (including cancer that is in remission). | |
Whether has cancer and heart disease | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both cancer (including cancer that is in remission) and heart disease (including heart attack or angina). | |
Whether has dementia (including Alzheimer's) | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have dementia (including Alzheimer's). | |
Whether has diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes). | |
Whether has diabetes and heart disease | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) and heart disease (including heart attack or angina). | |
Whether has diabetes and kidney disease | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) and kidney disease. | |
Whether has had a stroke | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have a had a stroke. | |
Whether has heart disease (including heart attack or angina) | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have heart disease (including heart attack or angina). | |
Whether has heart disease and kidney disease | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) and kidney disease | |
Whether has heart disease and a mental health condition | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both heart disease (including heart attack or angina) and a mental health condition (including depression or anxiety). | |
Whether has kidney disease | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have kidney disease. | |
Whether has a lung condition (including COPD and emphysema) | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have a lung condition (including COPD and emphysema). | |
Whether has a lung condition and mental health condition | This comorbidity variable describes whether a person reported having both a lung condition (including COPD or emphysema) and a mental health condition (including depression or anxiety). | |
Whether has a mental health condition (including depression or anxiety) | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have a mental health condition (including depression or anxiety). | |
Whether has one or more long-term health condition(s) | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have one or more long-term health conditions or whether they reported they did not have any long-term health conditions. | |
Whether has other long-term health condition(s) | This variable describes whether a person reported that they have one or more long-term health conditions other than arthritis, asthma, cancer, dementia, diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, a lung condition, a mental health condition or a stroke. | |
Whether reported using an Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander language at home | This variable records whether a person uses an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander Language at home. This is derived from the Census variable Language used at home (LANP), which is coded using the Australian Standard Classification of Languages (ASCL), 2016. |
Changed variables
Variable | Mnemonic | Description of change |
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Age | Update to question wording: The online form has been changed to primarily ask for date of birth (DOB). If the DOB is not known the respondent is presented with a check box so that they can enter the person’s age. | |
Ancestry 1st response | See Ancestry multi response (ANCP) for details on changes to the ancestry question and classification. | |
Ancestry 2nd response | See Ancestry multi response (ANCP) for details on changes to the ancestry question and classification. | |
Ancestry multi response | For 2021, Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups, 2019 (ASCCEG) was used. In 2016, the ASCCEG, 2016 was used. Norfolk Islander (code 1105), was added in the updated classification to capture an ancestry reported by Norfolk Island residents following Norfolk Island’s inclusion in the Australian Census of Population and Housing for the first time in 2016. Response categories of ‘Aboriginal’ and ‘Torres Strait Islander’ were added to the question. For people who completed the Census online and who identified as an Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander person, these new response categories were displayed at the top of the list. The ‘other ancestries’ provided as examples in the instructional text have been updated. The order of the response categories has also been updated based on frequency of reporting in the 2016 Census results, with the exception of 'Australian'. As with previous censuses, 'Australian' is placed as the last option for selection (prior to the text entry boxes for 'Other ancestry/s') to encourage reporting of non-Australian ancestries where relevant. | |
Attainment of Certificate III or higher or working towards a non-school qualification | ‘Overseas visitor’ has been separated out from the @ Not applicable category, so it has its own category. | |
Attainment of Year 12 or Certificate II or higher | ‘Overseas visitor’ has been separated out from the @ Not applicable category, so it has its own category. | |
Attainment of Year 12 or Certificate III or higher | ‘Overseas visitor’ has been separated out from the @ Not applicable category, so it has its own category. | |
Australian citizenship | The output categories have been updated to include the word 'citizen'. This aligns with the Australian Citizenship Standard. | |
Community Development Program participation | CDPP | The spelling of the variable name and categories has been updated from 'programme' to 'program'. |
Count of dependent children under 15 in family temporarily absent | Variable name updated to add 'in family' in the title to better reflect the scope. | |
Count of dependent students (15-24 years) in family temporarily absent | Variable name updated to add 'in family' in the title to better reflect the scope. | |
Count of non-dependent children in family temporarily absent | Variable name updated to add 'in family' in the title to better reflect the scope. | |
Country of birth of father | See Country of birth of person (BPLP) for details on classification changes. Instructions have been added to the country of birth of father question to provide guidance on situations where the birth parent is unknown and there is a second parent, or the person has same-sex parents. | |
Country of birth of mother | See Country of birth of person (BPLP) for details on classification changes. Instructions have been added to the country of birth of mother question to provide guidance on situations where the birth parent is unknown and there is a second parent, or the person has same-sex parents. | |
Country of birth of person | There have been updates to the Standard Australian Classification of Countries (SACC), 2016 since the last Census:
The response categories order has also been changed to reflect the most common answers from the 2016 Census. Although China is a country with in which a large proportion of Australia's population were born, China does not have a response category on the form. This is to allow people to write in China, Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan. | |
Dwelling structure | Additional categories have been added to reflect changes to the question response options to align with changes to the ABS housing standard for dwelling structure. ‘In a four or more storey block’ has been split into two categories:
There have also been changes to definitions for 'Separate house' and 'Semi-detached, row or terrace house, townhouse, etc.', removing the requirement that adjacent dwellings must be separated from one another by more than half a metre to be considered separate. | |
Educational institution: attendee status | Code numbers have been updated to align better with the Type of educational institution attending (TYPP) variable. Category names have been updated to reflect changes to the question wording (see TYPP). Categories 61-65 have been added to capture people who stated they were attending a Tertiary institution but did not specify whether it was 'Vocational education (including TAFE and private training providers)' or 'University or other higher education'. | |
Employment flag | ‘Overseas visitor’ has been separated out from the @ Not applicable category, so it has its own category. | |
Engagement in employment, education and training | The variable has been expanded to include a more detailed breakdown of categories at a two-digit level for 'Fully engaged' and 'Partially engaged'. This is required for several national reporting measures and allows for more complex analysis. | |
Equivalised total household income (weekly) | An additional income range has been added to reflect changes to the personal income question response options. '$3,500 or more ($182,000 or more)' has been added. This change accounts for higher income ranges. | |
Hours worked (ranges) | The output categories for this variable have been updated to align with the updated Standards for Labour Force Statistics, 2018. There are now more categories available. | |
Household five year mobility indicator | Reference year has been updated for 2021 in the definition. Updated category labels to improve interpretability. In 2016 they were labelled 'changed address during the last five years' and 'over five years'. This is confusing as the question directly asks: "Where did the person usually live five years ago (at 10 August 2016)?". It does not provide information over or during five years, but a point in time. | |
Household one year mobility indicator | Reference year has been updated for 2021 in the definition. 'Not stated' category has changed to 'At least one resident did not state an address one year ago' to better reflect the scope. | |
Labour force participation flag | ‘Overseas visitor’ has been separated out from the @ Not applicable category, so it has its own category. | |
Landlord type | The output categories have been updated to reflect changes to the question response options and order.
Additional instructional text has been added for the 'Community housing provider' category and the response category order changed to place this category closer to the top. These changes to the category names and order of categories align with the ABS housing standards. | |
Language used at home | The variable name has been updated from Language spoken at home to Language used at home. This reflects changes to how the language question is asked. For 2021 the question asks, 'Does the person use a language other than English at home?' This question is now more relevant for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. An enhancement to the online form presents a check box for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander language for those respondents who identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in the Indigenous status question. To improve the data collected on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, the person will also have the option of providing a specific language if they wish. The response categories order has changed based on the most common answers from the 2016 Census. | |
Level of highest educational attainment | HEAP | Undergraduate certificates are a new qualification and will be coded to category '420 Diploma level, nfd'. In previous censuses, nothing has been coded to this category. See also Non-school qualification: level of education (QALLP). |
Level of workforce participation survey comparison flag | SVFP | The category label 'In scope of NIRA level of workforce participation survey comparison population' has changed to 'In scope of national reporting level of workforce participation survey comparison population'. |
Method of travel to work | Updated category names to reflect question wording changes on the form:
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Method of travel to work (15 travel modes) | Updated category names to reflect question wording changes on the form:
A supplementary code was added for 'Overseas visitors'. | |
Method of travel to work (6 travel modes) | The category label 'Mode not stated' has changed to 'Not stated'. A supplementary code was added for 'Overseas visitors'. | |
Mortgage repayments (monthly) ranges | The category range of '$2,600 to $2,999' has been split into two:
Similarly, the next category range of '$3,000 -$3,999' was divided in two:
This change increases the number of ranges to better describe the distribution of current mortgage repayments. | |
Non-school qualification: field of study | There are minor instructional changes to the main field of study question to provide guidance for people with double degrees. | |
Non-school qualification: level of education | Undergraduate certificates are a new qualification and have been coded to category '420 Diploma Level, nfd'. In previous Censuses, nothing has been coded to this category. The Coding index was updated for the 2021 Census. | |
Number of bedrooms in private dwelling | The category label 'None (includes bedsitters)' has been changed to 'None (includes studio apartments or bedsitters)' to reflect changes to the question response options. | |
Number of bedrooms in private dwelling (ranges) | The category label 'None (includes bedsitters)' has been changed to 'None (includes studio apartments or bedsitters)' to reflect changes to the question response options. | |
Number of motor vehicles | For 2021, heavy vehicles have been specifically excluded from the definition of motor vehicles. In 2016, only motorbikes and scooters were excluded. This was changed to reflect changes to the question instructions. | |
Number of motor vehicles (ranges) | For 2021, heavy vehicles have been specifically excluded from the definition of motor vehicles. In 2016, only motorbikes and scooters were excluded. This was changed to reflect changes to the question instructions. | |
Occupation | In 2016 the Australian and New Zealand Classification of Occupations, 2013 (ANZSCO), version 1.2 was used. For 2021, the updated version ANZSCO version 1.3 will be used. Most changes are related to skill level however there are some title changes. See the classification for details. Amendments to improve existing targeted supplementary questions for some industry/occupation topics were made on the online form. Refer to downloads section for the targeted supplementary questions and related trigger words. | |
Occupation (six digit level) | See Occupation (OCCP) above for details of changes to the Australian and New Zealand Classification of Occupations, 2013 (ANZSCO). | |
Place of usual residence five years ago | Supplementary code labels have been update to better reflect the scope: These not further defined (nfd) supplementary codes are used where a respondent has given incomplete address information on the Census form, but has given enough information to allow coding to a State/Territory or Capital City. | |
Place of usual residence one year ago | Supplementary code labels have been update to better reflect the scope: These not further defined (nfd) supplementary codes are used where a respondent has given incomplete address information on the Census form, but has given enough information to allow coding to a State/Territory or Capital City. | |
Place of usual residence | Additional instructional text was added to the online form to assist respondents with no fixed address. | |
Proficiency in spoken English | The variable name was changed from Proficiency in spoken English/language to Proficiency in spoken English. In 2016, there was another variable called Proficiency in spoken English (ENGP), but this has been removed for 2021 to avoid confusion between the two variables. The same data is available in this variable. | |
Registered marital status | Registered marriages include same-sex couples and opposite-sex couples. Amendments to the Marriage Act 1961 came into effect on 9 December 2017 enabling same-sex couples to legally marry. Output categories will remain the same. | |
Relationship as reported for couples | RLCP | Two category labels have been changed:
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Relationship in household | Registered marriages include same-sex couples and opposite-sex couples. Amendments to the Marriage Act 1961 came into effect on 9 December 2017 enabling same-sex couples to legally marry. The category '11 Registered marriage' has been replaced with three categories:
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Religious affiliation | The response order on the question has been changed based on common answers from the 2016 Census. Changes have been made to the ‘other’ examples given in the question instructions. | |
Rent (weekly) dollar values | The applicability has changed so that now dwellings with the Tenure type of 'Occupied rent-free' are included in the 'Not applicable' category. This means that category '0000 Nil payments' will be removed. This change aligns with the ABS housing standards. | |
Rent (weekly) ranges | To better reflect the distribution of data, the $450-$549 range (category 18) has been split into $25 intervals being:
The applicability has changed so that now dwellings with the Tenure type of 'Occupied rent-free' are included in the 'Not applicable' category. This means that '0 Nil payments' category will be removed. This change aligns with the ABS housing standards. | |
Same-sex couple indicator | For 2021 this will now include same-sex marriages. Amendments to the Marriage Act 1961 came into effect on 9 December 2017 enabling same-sex couples to legally marry. The output categories will remain the same. | |
Sex | The 2021 Census paper form and online form both include three response options: male; female; and non-binary sex. The online form also includes an optional write in response when non-binary sex is selected. For data releases, the ABS will continue to report sex with the binary options of male and female in most outputs. Analysis of non-binary sex responses will be reported in a feature article. | |
Social marital status | Registered marriages include same-sex couples and opposite-sex couples. Amendments to the Marriage Act 1961 came into effect on 9 December 2017 enabling same-sex couples to legally marry. Processing business rules were changed, as this deals with relationships between people in the same household. | |
Tenure and landlord type | There has been a one change to a category label and a minor order change:
There has also been a change to the scope of '9 Other tenure type' category. For 2021, 'Other tenure type' includes houses being occupied rent-free. In previous Censuses, dwellings being occupied rent-free were included in the rented categories (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8). These changes aligns with the ABS housing standards. | |
Tenure type | Minor changes to category labels have been made.
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Total personal income (weekly) | An additional income range has been added to reflect changes to the personal income question options. '15 $3,000 or more ($156,000) has been split into two:
This change accounts for higher income ranges. | |
Type of education institution attending | In the online Census form, education institution is now two questions instead of one to make it easier for respondents to find the correct type of institution. The output categories have been changed to reflect the question wording changes.
Primary, secondary and tertiary not further defined fields have been added (categories 29, 39, 49) as this question is in two parts on the online form. The not further defined fields will get populated when a person only answers if they are attending an institution but does not specify the type, e.g. Catholic. In addition, to emphasise that respondents should include attendance at preschool, the question wording in the online form has changed for people in the household under the age of six. The question asks ‘Is the person attending a preschool, school or other education institution?’. | |
Unemployment flag | Overseas visitor separated out from the @ Not applicable category, so it has its own category. | |
Unpaid assistance to a person with a disability, a long-term health condition or due to old age | Variable name updated to better reflect the scope. In 2016, this variable was called Unpaid assistance to a person with a disability. | |
Usual address five years ago indicator | Descriptors with years have been updated for 2021. Update to instructional text, to better capture couch surfing: | |
Usual address indicator Census night | Categories with years have been updated for 2021. | |
Usual address one year ago indicator | Categories with years have been updated for 2021. | |
Year of arrival in Australia | All categories have been updated from 1900 to 2016 singly to 1905 to 2021 singly. | |
Year of arrival in Australia (ranges) | Categories ranges have been updated, ranges used to start from 1900 and go up to 9 August 2016. For 2021 they start from 1905 and go up to 10 August 2021. |
Removed variables
Variable | Mnemonic | Description of change |
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Proficiency in spoken English | ENGP | Removed due to confusion with the ENGLP variable. Users can access the same data from ENGLP which has been renamed 'Proficiency in Spoken English'. |
Dwelling internet connection | NEDD | The question on dwelling internet connection was not asked in the 2021 Census. Consultation suggested that with the growth in internet access outside of the home on mobile and other devices and the fast pace of technological change, the collection of data on household internet access in the Census now has less relevance. |
Supported accommodation flag | SAFD | SAFD has been removed from the 2021 Census. This variable has not been released due to the sensitive nature of some supported accommodation types. |