Multiple job-holders

This is not the latest release View the latest release

The number and prevalence of people working more than one job, their demographic and employment characteristics and working arrangements.

Reference period

March 2023

Released

2/08/2023

View all releases

Key statistics

In March 2023:

There were almost 950,000 multiple job-holders (6.6% of employed people).
7.7% of employed women were multiple job-holders, compared to 5.7% of employed men.
Young workers were most likely to be working multiple jobs (8.9% of 20-24 year olds and 7.9% of 15-19 year olds).
People who were a Community and personal service worker in their main job were most likely to be a multiple job-holder (10.2%).

This multi-source release brings together data from the following ABS sources on multiple job-holders:

Labour Account – headline estimates of the level and rate of multiple job-holding, by industry
Labour Force Survey – detailed socio-demographic and employment characteristics of multiple job-holders
Jobs in Australia – selected characteristics of multiple job-holders, based on personal income tax data available from the Linked Employer-Employee Dataset (LEED)

This first quarterly release includes data up to and including March 2023 from the Labour Account and Labour Force Survey, and Jobs in Australia data for 2019-20.

From the June 2023 issue onwards, this release will be published on the same day as the Labour Account, to support the headline estimates in the Labour Account by providing additional detail on the characteristics of multiple job-holders. The June 2023 issues of the Labour Account and Multiple job-holders will be released on 8 September 2023.

Multiple job-holding over time

In March 2023, there were 947,300 multiple job-holders, compared to just over 13 million single job-holders. This was up 2.1% from December 2022 when there were 927,900 multiple job-holders.

Between 1994 and 2019, the multiple job-holding rate remained between 5.0% and 6.0%. However, following a large decline at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, it has steadily risen to a series high of 6.6% in March 2023.

Multiple job-holding rate and levels
Date	Multiple job-holding rate (%)	Multiple job-holders
Sep 1994	5.3	433,400
Dec 1994	5.3	441,900
Mar 1995	5.5	459,800
Jun 1995	5.4	453,500
Sep 1995	5.8	488,300
Dec 1995	5.7	485,800
Mar 1996	5.6	481,800
Jun 1996	5.5	469,800
Sep 1996	5.4	458,900
Dec 1996	5.4	461,300
Mar 1997	5.2	448,000
Jun 1997	5.4	459,600
Sep 1997	5.2	447,300
Dec 1997	5.3	456,400
Mar 1998	5.4	466,400
Jun 1998	5.4	471,800
Sep 1998	5.2	459,800
Dec 1998	5.0	441,700
Mar 1999	5.6	494,900
Jun 1999	5.5	493,500
Sep 1999	5.8	518,400
Dec 1999	5.6	501,600
Mar 2000	5.4	492,400
Jun 2000	5.3	481,800
Sep 2000	5.4	499,100
Dec 2000	5.5	509,200
Mar 2001	5.5	505,700
Jun 2001	6.0	556,500
Sep 2001	5.5	513,200
Dec 2001	5.7	529,100
Mar 2002	5.5	518,000
Jun 2002	5.6	530,600
Sep 2002	5.7	542,100
Dec 2002	5.8	555,200
Mar 2003	5.7	551,900
Jun 2003	5.6	542,200
Sep 2003	5.6	542,200
Dec 2003	5.5	538,800
Mar 2004	5.8	566,500
Jun 2004	6.0	591,300
Sep 2004	5.9	583,800
Dec 2004	5.8	580,100
Mar 2005	5.8	583,200
Jun 2005	5.9	598,600
Sep 2005	5.6	574,300
Dec 2005	5.8	594,300
Mar 2006	5.7	585,300
Jun 2006	5.5	569,000
Sep 2006	5.4	572,600
Dec 2006	5.4	569,100
Mar 2007	5.4	577,500
Jun 2007	5.6	596,200
Sep 2007	5.6	606,700
Dec 2007	5.6	607,600
Mar 2008	5.5	597,600
Jun 2008	5.3	587,800
Sep 2008	5.5	613,200
Dec 2008	5.5	606,200
Mar 2009	5.7	629,600
Jun 2009	5.6	614,200
Sep 2009	5.6	616,600
Dec 2009	5.7	638,400
Mar 2010	5.7	636,500
Jun 2010	5.6	626,800
Sep 2010	5.5	623,100
Dec 2010	5.5	631,700
Mar 2011	5.2	599,000
Jun 2011	5.5	629,300
Sep 2011	5.4	624,600
Dec 2011	5.3	606,000
Mar 2012	5.3	613,900
Jun 2012	5.3	616,400
Sep 2012	5.2	604,800
Dec 2012	5.3	620,200
Mar 2013	5.4	626,800
Jun 2013	5.4	640,000
Sep 2013	5.6	658,200
Dec 2013	5.3	622,300
Mar 2014	5.3	630,300
Jun 2014	5.2	611,500
Sep 2014	5.2	616,100
Dec 2014	5.4	635,800
Mar 2015	5.5	663,200
Jun 2015	5.7	684,600
Sep 2015	5.5	666,800
Dec 2015	5.8	699,700
Mar 2016	5.7	689,200
Jun 2016	5.6	683,100
Sep 2016	5.6	683,200
Dec 2016	5.5	678,700
Mar 2017	5.4	668,700
Jun 2017	5.6	697,700
Sep 2017	5.6	711,300
Dec 2017	5.5	693,600
Mar 2018	5.7	723,200
Jun 2018	5.7	735,400
Sep 2018	5.7	738,900
Dec 2018	6.0	782,700
Mar 2019	5.9	766,900
Jun 2019	5.7	747,300
Sep 2019	5.9	775,300
Dec 2019	5.8	773,900
Mar 2020	5.9	787,600
Jun 2020	5.1	640,000
Sep 2020	5.7	728,800
Dec 2020	6.0	789,700
Mar 2021	6.0	800,900
Jun 2021	6.2	824,000
Sep 2021	5.9	766,800
Dec 2021	6.3	856,600
Mar 2022	6.3	859,500
Jun 2022	6.4	895,100
Sep 2022	6.5	902,100
Dec 2022	6.6	927,900
Mar 2023	6.6	947,300

Multiple job-holding rate and levels

["Date","Multiple job-holding rate","Multiple job-holders"]

[["Sep 1994","Dec 1994","Mar 1995","Jun 1995","Sep 1995","Dec 1995","Mar 1996","Jun 1996","Sep 1996","Dec 1996","Mar 1997","Jun 1997","Sep 1997","Dec 1997","Mar 1998","Jun 1998","Sep 1998","Dec 1998","Mar 1999","Jun 1999","Sep 1999","Dec 1999","Mar 2000","Jun 2000","Sep 2000","Dec 2000","Mar 2001","Jun 2001","Sep 2001","Dec 2001","Mar 2002","Jun 2002","Sep 2002","Dec 2002","Mar 2003","Jun 2003","Sep 2003","Dec 2003","Mar 2004","Jun 2004","Sep 2004","Dec 2004","Mar 2005","Jun 2005","Sep 2005","Dec 2005","Mar 2006","Jun 2006","Sep 2006","Dec 2006","Mar 2007","Jun 2007","Sep 2007","Dec 2007","Mar 2008","Jun 2008","Sep 2008","Dec 2008","Mar 2009","Jun 2009","Sep 2009","Dec 2009","Mar 2010","Jun 2010","Sep 2010","Dec 2010","Mar 2011","Jun 2011","Sep 2011","Dec 2011","Mar 2012","Jun 2012","Sep 2012","Dec 2012","Mar 2013","Jun 2013","Sep 2013","Dec 2013","Mar 2014","Jun 2014","Sep 2014","Dec 2014","Mar 2015","Jun 2015","Sep 2015","Dec 2015","Mar 2016","Jun 2016","Sep 2016","Dec 2016","Mar 2017","Jun 2017","Sep 2017","Dec 2017","Mar 2018","Jun 2018","Sep 2018","Dec 2018","Mar 2019","Jun 2019","Sep 2019","Dec 2019","Mar 2020","Jun 2020","Sep 2020","Dec 2020","Mar 2021","Jun 2021","Sep 2021","Dec 2021","Mar 2022","Jun 2022","Sep 2022","Dec 2022","Mar 2023"],[[5.2999999999999998],[5.2999999999999998],[5.5],[5.4000000000000004],[5.7999999999999998],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5],[5.4000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[5.2000000000000002],[5.4000000000000004],[5.2000000000000002],[5.2999999999999998],[5.4000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[5.2000000000000002],[5],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5],[5.7999999999999998],[5.5999999999999996],[5.4000000000000004],[5.2999999999999998],[5.4000000000000004],[5.5],[5.5],[6],[5.5],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5],[5.5999999999999996],[5.7000000000000002],[5.7999999999999998],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5],[5.7999999999999998],[6],[5.9000000000000004],[5.7999999999999998],[5.7999999999999998],[5.9000000000000004],[5.5999999999999996],[5.7999999999999998],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5],[5.4000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5],[5.2999999999999998],[5.5],[5.5],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[5.7000000000000002],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5],[5.5],[5.2000000000000002],[5.5],[5.4000000000000004],[5.2999999999999998],[5.2999999999999998],[5.2999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002],[5.2999999999999998],[5.4000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[5.5999999999999996],[5.2999999999999998],[5.2999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002],[5.2000000000000002],[5.4000000000000004],[5.5],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5],[5.7999999999999998],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5],[5.4000000000000004],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5],[5.7000000000000002],[5.7000000000000002],[5.7000000000000002],[6],[5.9000000000000004],[5.7000000000000002],[5.9000000000000004],[5.7999999999999998],[5.9000000000000004],[5.0999999999999996],[5.7000000000000002],[6],[6],[6.2000000000000002],[5.9000000000000004],[6.2999999999999998],[6.2999999999999998],[6.4000000000000004],[6.5],[6.5999999999999996],[6.5999999999999996]],[[433400],[441900],[459800],[453500],[488300],[485800],[481800],[469800],[458900],[461300],[448000],[459600],[447300],[456400],[466400],[471800],[459800],[441700],[494900],[493500],[518400],[501600],[492400],[481800],[499100],[509200],[505700],[556500],[513200],[529100],[518000],[530600],[542100],[555200],[551900],[542200],[542200],[538800],[566500],[591300],[583800],[580100],[583200],[598600],[574300],[594300],[585300],[569000],[572600],[569100],[577500],[596200],[606700],[607600],[597600],[587800],[613200],[606200],[629600],[614200],[616600],[638400],[636500],[626800],[623100],[631700],[599000],[629300],[624600],[606000],[613900],[616400],[604800],[620200],[626800],[640000],[658200],[622300],[630300],[611500],[616100],[635800],[663200],[684600],[666800],[699700],[689200],[683100],[683200],[678700],[668700],[697700],[711300],[693600],[723200],[735400],[738900],[782700],[766900],[747300],[775300],[773900],[787600],[640000],[728800],[789700],[800900],[824000],[766800],[856600],[859500],[895100],[902100],[927900],[947300]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":"4","precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Multiple job-holders","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":"0","axis_max":"1000000","tick_interval":"200000","precision":"0","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false},{"value":"1","axis_id":"1","axis_title":"Multiple job-holding rate (%)","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(%)","table_units":"(%)","axis_min":"1","axis_max":"7","tick_interval":"1","precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Source: Labour Account Australia

Sex

In March 2023, the rate of multiple job-holding was higher for women (7.7% compared with 5.7% for men). Over the past five years, on average, the multiple job-holding rate amongst women has been around 1.8 percentage points higher than men.

Multiple job-holding rate and levels by sex
Date	Multiple job-holding rate - Males (%)	Multiple job-holding rate - Females (%)	Multiple job-holders - Males	Multiple job-holders - Females
Mar-18	4.8	6.6	320,600	387,700
Jun-18	5.0	6.4	333,700	379,300
Sep-18	4.7	7.0	313,500	412,300
Dec-18	4.8	7.4	328,900	448,200
Mar-19	4.9	7.0	335,700	416,100
Jun-19	4.6	6.8	315,300	409,700
Sep-19	5.0	6.9	338,400	422,000
Dec-19	5.0	6.9	343,600	427,300
Mar-20	5.2	6.8	358,900	416,000
Jun-20	4.4	5.7	289,200	334,100
Sep-20	5.0	6.5	328,900	387,800
Dec-20	5.1	7.2	350,700	439,300
Mar-21	5.2	7.0	354,400	434,700
Jun-21	5.4	6.9	370,800	431,500
Sep-21	4.9	6.9	334,700	420,500
Dec-21	5.2	7.7	366,000	490,400
Mar-22	5.4	7.3	379,200	465,700
Jun-22	5.5	7.3	396,200	473,700
Sep-22	5.7	7.3	407,500	474,200
Dec-22	5.8	7.6	421,600	501,700
Mar-23	5.7	7.7	418,300	508,400

Multiple job-holding rate and levels by sex

["Date","Multiple job-holding rate - Males","Multiple job-holding rate - Females","Multiple job-holders - Males","Multiple job-holders - Females"]

[["Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[4.7999999999999998],[5],[4.7000000000000002],[4.7999999999999998],[4.9000000000000004],[4.5999999999999996],[5],[5],[5.2000000000000002],[4.4000000000000004],[5],[5.0999999999999996],[5.2000000000000002],[5.4000000000000004],[4.9000000000000004],[5.2000000000000002],[5.4000000000000004],[5.5],[5.7000000000000002],[5.7999999999999998],[5.7000000000000002]],[[6.5999999999999996],[6.4000000000000004],[7],[7.4000000000000004],[7],[6.7999999999999998],[6.9000000000000004],[6.9000000000000004],[6.7999999999999998],[5.7000000000000002],[6.5],[7.2000000000000002],[7],[6.9000000000000004],[6.9000000000000004],[7.7000000000000002],[7.2999999999999998],[7.2999999999999998],[7.2999999999999998],[7.5999999999999996],[7.7000000000000002]],[[320600],[333700],[313500],[328900],[335700],[315300],[338400],[343600],[358900],[289200],[328900],[350700],[354400],[370800],[334700],[366000],[379200],[396200],[407500],[421600],[418300]],[[387700],[379300],[412300],[448200],[416100],[409700],[422000],[427300],[416000],[334100],[387800],[439300],[434700],[431500],[420500],[490400],[465700],[473700],[474200],[501700],[508400]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":"4","precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Multiple job-holders","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":"0","axis_max":"550000","tick_interval":"100000","precision":"0","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false},{"value":"1","axis_id":"1","axis_title":"Multiple job-holding rate (%)","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(%)","table_units":"(%)","axis_min":"0","axis_max":"8","tick_interval":"2","precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Note: The sum of males and females does not equal the headline estimates of multiple job-holders from the Labour Account as the number of male and female multiple job-holders is sourced directly from the Labour Force Survey. The Labour Account includes adjustments to account for populations which are out of scope for the Labour Force Survey, namely child workers, short-term non-residents and defence force personnel.

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Age

Younger people were more likely to be a multiple job-holder, with 7.9% of employed people aged 15-19 and 8.9% aged 20-24 holding more than one job in March 2023. In contrast, 5.5% of employed people aged 60-64 and 5.2% aged 65 or more were multiple job-holders.

Multiple job-holding rate by age group
Date	15-19 years (%)	20-24 years (%)	25-34 years (%)	35-44 years (%)	45-54 years (%)	55-59 years (%)	60-64 years (%)	65 years and over (%)
Jun 2022	7.4	7.5	6.7	6.2	6.1	6.0	5.9	4.7
Sep 2022	6.1	7.7	6.7	7.0	6.0	5.9	5.1	5.3
Dec 2022	7.5	8.6	6.4	6.8	6.1	5.8	6.1	5.7
Mar 2023	7.9	8.9	6.4	6.8	6.1	6.4	5.5	5.2

Multiple job-holding rate by age group

["Date","15-19 years","20-24 years","25-34 years","35-44 years","45-54 years","55-59 years","60-64 years","65 years and over"]

[["Jun 2022","Sep 2022","Dec 2022","Mar 2023"],[[7.4000000000000004],[6.0999999999999996],[7.5],[7.9000000000000004]],[[7.5],[7.7000000000000002],[8.5999999999999996],[8.9000000000000004]],[[6.7000000000000002],[6.7000000000000002],[6.4000000000000004],[6.4000000000000004]],[[6.2000000000000002],[7],[6.7999999999999998],[6.7999999999999998]],[[6.0999999999999996],[6],[6.0999999999999996],[6.0999999999999996]],[[6],[5.9000000000000004],[5.7999999999999998],[6.4000000000000004]],[[5.9000000000000004],[5.0999999999999996],[6.0999999999999996],[5.5]],[[4.7000000000000002],[5.2999999999999998],[5.7000000000000002],[5.2000000000000002]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Multiple job-holding rate (%)","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(%)","table_units":"(%)","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Age distribution of multiple job-holders, and employed persons
Date	15-19 years (%)	20-24 years (%)	25-34 years (%)	35-44 years (%)	45-54 years (%)	55-59 years (%)	60-64 years (%)	65 years and over (%)
March 1994: Employed persons	7.0	12.9	25.7	25.8	19.7	5.0	2.6	1.4
March 1994: Multiple job-holders	6.7	13.4	25.6	26.8	21.3	4.2	1.5	0.6

March 2023: Employed persons	5.8	9.7	23.0	22.4	19.6	8.2	6.4	4.8
March 2023: Multiple job-holders	6.9	13.0	22.1	23.0	18.1	7.9	5.3	3.8

Age distribution of multiple job-holders, and employed persons

["Date","15-19 years","20-24 years","25-34 years","35-44 years","45-54 years","55-59 years","60-64 years","65 years and over"]

[["March 1994: Employed persons","March 1994: Multiple job-holders","","March 2023: Employed persons","March 2023: Multiple job-holders"],[[6.96],[6.6799999999999997],[null],[5.8300000000000001],[6.9100000000000001]],[[12.859999999999999],[13.4],[null],[9.6899999999999995],[12.949999999999999]],[[25.73],[25.579999999999998],[null],[22.989999999999998],[22.129999999999999]],[[25.780000000000001],[26.84],[null],[22.399999999999999],[23.030000000000001]],[[19.649999999999999],[21.280000000000001],[null],[19.629999999999999],[18.059999999999999]],[[5.0199999999999996],[4.1500000000000004],[null],[8.2300000000000004],[7.8600000000000003]],[[2.6299999999999999],[1.5],[null],[6.3899999999999997],[5.2599999999999998]],[[1.3600000000000001],[0.57999999999999996],[null],[4.8399999999999999],[3.79]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(%)","table_units":"(%)","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Industry

People working in the Agriculture, forestry and fishing and Administrative and support services industries in their main job had the highest multiple job-holding rates in March 2023 (9.2% and 9.1% respectively). Multiple job-holding was least common among people whose main job was in Electricity, gas, water and waste services.

It is important to note that some industries lend themselves to multiple job-holding. For example, some workers in Agriculture, forestry and fishing may work several seasonal jobs for different employers in addition to their main job; and some labour hire workers may work for a number of businesses in Administrative and support services.

Levels and rate of multiple job-holding, by sex, by industry
Industry	Multiple job-holding rate (%)	Males	Females	Persons
Agriculture, forestry and fishing	9.2	25,800	15,400	41,100
Administrative and support services	9.1	50,600	38,300	88,900
Arts and recreation services	8.0	9,300	11,800	21,000
Accommodation and food services	7.9	44,000	57,500	101,500
Health care and social assistance	7.7	32,700	122,500	155,100
Education and training	7.1	23,800	57,100	81,000
Retail trade	6.1	37,200	52,800	90,100
Construction	5.7	57,500	12,300	69,800
Rental, hiring and real estate services	5.7	8,200	8,900	17,100
Other services	5.5	13,200	17,400	30,600
Mining	5.3	9,000	2,100	11,100
Public administration and safety	5.3	19,300	21,300	40,700
Information media and telecommunications	5.1	5,500	4,800	10,200
Professional, scientific and technical services	5.1	32,300	31,500	63,800
Transport, postal and warehousing	4.9	24,900	10,000	34,900
Manufacturing	4.2	25,800	12,500	38,400
Wholesale trade	4.2	15,400	10,600	26,000
Financial and insurance services	4.1	10,100	11,300	21,400
Electricity, gas, water and waste services	3.5	3,400	1,200	4,600

Levels and rate of multiple job-holding, by sex, by industry

["Industry","Multiple job-holding rate","Males","Females","Persons"]

[["Agriculture, forestry and fishing","Administrative and support services","Arts and recreation services","Accommodation and food services","Health care and social assistance","Education and training","Retail trade","Construction","Rental, hiring and real estate services","Other services","Mining","Public administration and safety","Information media and telecommunications","Professional, scientific and technical services","Transport, postal and warehousing","Manufacturing","Wholesale trade","Financial and insurance services","Electricity, gas, water and waste services"],[[9.1999999999999993],[9.0999999999999996],[8],[7.9000000000000004],[7.7000000000000002],[7.0999999999999996],[6.0999999999999996],[5.7000000000000002],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5],[5.2999999999999998],[5.2999999999999998],[5.0999999999999996],[5.0999999999999996],[4.9000000000000004],[4.2000000000000002],[4.2000000000000002],[4.0999999999999996],[3.5]],[[25800],[50600],[9300],[44000],[32700],[23800],[37200],[57500],[8200],[13200],[9000],[19300],[5500],[32300],[24900],[25800],[15400],[10100],[3400]],[[15400],[38300],[11800],[57500],[122500],[57100],[52800],[12300],[8900],[17400],[2100],[21300],[4800],[31500],[10000],[12500],[10600],[11300],[1200]],[[41100],[88900],[21000],[101500],[155100],[81000],[90100],[69800],[17100],[30600],[11100],[40700],[10200],[63800],[34900],[38400],[26000],[21400],[4600]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Multiple job-holders","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":"0","axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false},{"value":"1","axis_id":"1","axis_title":"Multiple job-holding rate (%)","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(%)","table_units":"(%)","axis_min":"0","axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Note: Multiple job-holding rate and levels are taken from the Labour Account. The number of male and female multiple job-holders by industry are derived from Jobs in Australia, and applied to the Labour Account level estimate.

Source: Labour Account Australia and Jobs in Australia 2019-20

The following diagrams show Jobs in Australia data of the most common combinations of industries of male and female multiple job-holder's main and second concurrent job.

For example, most female multiple job-holders whose main job was in Health care and social assistance also had their second job in Health care and social assistance, but there were many women whose main job was in Health care and social assistance and their second job in either Administrative and support services, Accommodation and food services, Retail trade or Education and training.

The data can be found in Jobs in Australia Table 4.

Industry of main and second job of female multiple job-holders, 2019-20

Image

A sankey diagram showing the common industry combinations where female multiple job-holders work in their main job and second job. This data can be found in Table 4 in Jobs in Australia 2019-20.

Description

A sankey diagram showing the common industries where female multiple job-holders work for their main job and their second job. The industries shown are:

H - Accommodation and food services - with most having their main and second job in Accommodation and food services, and some Accommodation and food services in their main job and either Retail trade or Administrative and support services in their second job

G - Retail trade - with around half whose main job is in Retail trade having their second job in Retail trade, followed by Retail trade in their main job and either Accommodation and food services, Administrative and support services, Health care and social assistance or Education and training in their second job

N - Administrative and support services - with most having their main and second job in Administrative and support services, followed by Administrative and support services in their main job and either Accommodation and food services, or Health care and social assistance in their second job

Q - Health care and social assistance - with most having their main and second job in Health care and social assistance, followed by Health care and social assistance in their main job and either Administrative and support services, Accommodation and food services, Retail trade or Education and training in their second job

P - Education and training - with most having their main and second job in Education and training, followed by their main job in Education and training and Administrative and support services, Health care and social assistance or Public Administration and safety in their second job

M - Professional, scientific and technical services - with most having both their main and second job in this industry

O - Public administration and safety - with most having both their main and second job in this industry

Industry of main and second job of male multiple job-holders, 2019-20

Image

A sankey diagram showing the common industry combinations where male multiple job-holders work in their main job and second job. This data can be found in Table 4 in Jobs in Australia 2019-20.

Description

A sankey diagram showing the common industries where male multiple job-holders work for their main job and their second job. The industries shown are:

A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing - with most having both their main and second job in this industry

C - Manufacturing - with around half whose main job is in Manufacturing having their second job in Manufacturing, and half their second job in Administrative and support services

E - Construction - with over half whose main job is in Construction having their second job in Construction, followed by Construction in their main job and Administrative and support services in their second job and Construction in their main job and Accommodation and food services in their second job

N - Administrative and support services - with most having their main and second job in Administrative and support services, followed by Administrative and support services in their main job and either Construction, or Accommodation and food services in ther second job

G - Retail trade - with over half whose main job is in Retail having their second job in Retail, followed by Retail trade in their main job and either Administrative and support services or Accommodation and food services in their second job

H - Accommodation and food services - with most having their main and second job in Accommodation and food services, and some Accommodation and food services in their main job and Administrative and support services in their second job

M - Professional, scientific and technical services - with over half whose main job is in Professional, scientific and technical services having their second job in Professional, scientific and technical services and just under half their main job in Professional, scientific and technical services and their second job in Administrative and support services

I - Transport, postal and warehousing- with most having both their main and second job in this industry

O - Public administration and safety - with most having both their main and second job in this industry

P - Education and training - with most having both their main and second job in this industry

Q - Health care and social assistance - with most having both their main and second job in this industry

Occupation

In February 2023, 10.2% of all people who were a Community and personal service worker in their main job were multiple job-holders. Technicians and trade workers were least likely to be a multiple job-holder (3.4%)

Levels and rate of multiple job-holding, by sex by occupation, February 2023
Occupation major group	Multiple job-holding rate: Persons (%)	Males	Females	Persons
Community and personal service workers	10.2	47,300	111,200	158,500
Professionals	7.6	113,200	159,800	273,000
Sales workers	7.5	30,400	50,700	81,100
Clerical and administrative workers	6.4	25,800	86,400	112,300
Managers	5.7	61,000	45,400	106,500
Labourers	5.3	34,100	32,700	66,800
Machinery operators and drivers	5.1	35,100	9,300	44,400
Technicians and trades workers	3.4	48,900	15,700	64,600

Levels and rate of multiple job-holding, by sex by occupation, February 2023

["Occupation major group","Multiple job-holding rate: Persons","Males","Females","Persons"]

[["Community and personal service workers","Professionals","Sales workers","Clerical and administrative workers","Managers","Labourers","Machinery operators and drivers","Technicians and trades workers"],[[10.199999999999999],[7.5999999999999996],[7.5],[6.4000000000000004],[5.7000000000000002],[5.2999999999999998],[5.0999999999999996],[3.3999999999999999]],[[47300],[113200],[30400],[25800],[61000],[34100],[35100],[48900]],[[111200],[159800],[50700],[86400],[45400],[32700],[9300],[15700]],[[158500],[273000],[81100],[112300],[106500],[66800],[44400],[64600]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Multiple job-holders","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":"0","axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false},{"value":"1","axis_id":"1","axis_title":"Multiple job-holding rate (%)","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(%)","table_units":"(%)","axis_min":"0","axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Note: The sum of occupations does not equal the headline estimate of multiple job-holders from the Labour Account as the number of multiple job-holders, by occupation is sourced directly from the Labour Force Survey. The Labour Account includes adjustments to account for populations which are out of scope for the Labour Force Survey, namely child workers, short-term non-residents and defence force personnel.

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Hours worked

In March 2023:

Multiple job-holders usually worked 30.9 hours, on average, in their main job, and 9.6 hours in their secondary job(s) - a total of 40.5 hours per week, on average.
Single job-holders usually worked 35.5 hours per week, on average.

Average usual hours worked, March 2023
Sex	Average hours worked: Main job (hrs)	Average hours worked: Secondary jobs (hrs)
Males	34.8	10.5
Females	27.6	8.8
Persons	30.9	9.6

Males	38.8	0
Females	31.7	0
Persons	35.5	0

<big><strong>Multiple job-holders</strong></big>
<big><strong>Single job-holders</strong></big>

Average usual hours worked, March 2023

["Sex","Average hours worked: Main job","Average hours worked: Secondary jobs"]

[["Males","Females","Persons","","Males","Females","Persons"],[[34.799999999999997],[27.600000000000001],[30.899999999999999],[null],[38.799999999999997],[31.699999999999999],[35.5]],[[10.5],[8.8000000000000007],[9.5999999999999996],[null],[0],[0],[0]]]

[{"value":"<big><strong>Multiple job-holders<\/strong><\/big>","annote_text":null,"x_value":"1","y_value":"47","x_axis":"0","y_axis":"0","x_offset":"0","y_offset":"-16","cell_row":null,"cell_column":null},{"value":"<big><strong>Single job-holders<\/strong><\/big>","annote_text":null,"x_value":"5","y_value":"47","x_axis":"0","y_axis":"0","x_offset":"0","y_offset":"-16","cell_row":null,"cell_column":null}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Average usual hours worked","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"(hrs)","table_units":"(hrs)","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Multiple job-holders were most likely to work part-time hours (less than 35 hours per week) in both their main and secondary job(s), followed by a combination of full-time and part-time hours. There were a small number of people who had two full-time jobs.

Multiple job-holders by actual full-time or part-time hours
Date	Worked part-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs	Worked full-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs	Worked full-time hours in main and secondary jobs
Jun-2001	282,400	184,700	5,000
Sep-2001	252,000	195,900	7,200
Dec-2001	251,900	209,100	6,700
Mar-2002	259,500	183,800	6,200
Jun-2002	286,300	165,200	5,200
Sep-2002	278,300	199,500	4,400
Dec-2002	276,600	206,300	6,600
Mar-2003	279,200	190,300	4,200
Jun-2003	286,100	173,800	6,700
Sep-2003	271,000	193,500	6,300
Dec-2003	266,500	198,600	4,400
Mar-2004	282,500	200,000	4,500
Jun-2004	293,800	207,400	3,900
Sep-2004	276,400	202,700	6,100
Dec-2004	271,400	214,800	3,900
Mar-2005	294,300	197,900	4,500
Jun-2005	289,800	209,200	8,000
Sep-2005	278,400	211,200	3,200
Dec-2005	293,500	210,300	6,500
Mar-2006	267,900	219,100	4,100
Jun-2006	294,500	166,700	5,000
Sep-2006	287,000	198,500	3,400
Dec-2006	277,900	199,200	4,900
Mar-2007	283,600	190,200	3,900
Jun-2007	297,800	192,900	3,400
Sep-2007	303,000	209,500	3,600
Dec-2007	285,300	211,600	5,200
Mar-2008	293,200	202,700	3,800
Jun-2008	312,000	174,700	3,400
Sep-2008	291,700	232,300	6,000
Dec-2008	290,200	223,000	6,600
Mar-2009	313,300	205,300	6,500
Jun-2009	313,400	183,600	3,200
Sep-2009	304,000	207,700	4,800
Dec-2009	311,500	224,500	9,300
Mar-2010	312,500	206,500	7,700
Jun-2010	303,500	216,300	4,100
Sep-2010	305,800	221,900	4,800
Dec-2010	313,600	227,700	5,000
Mar-2011	298,600	206,500	5,500
Jun-2011	317,000	203,900	6,100
Sep-2011	314,400	217,500	5,000
Dec-2011	292,600	207,900	6,300
Mar-2012	306,000	189,600	5,400
Jun-2012	317,000	165,700	7,100
Sep-2012	299,300	204,600	4,900
Dec-2012	282,000	221,200	7,500
Mar-2013	321,600	183,200	4,100
Jun-2013	328,500	183,700	4,100
Sep-2013	328,400	215,300	4,700
Dec-2013	293,500	204,400	4,400
Mar-2014	309,100	198,200	4,300
Jun-2014	289,600	190,200	2,000
Sep-2014	326,100	206,200	3,300
Dec-2014	327,200	211,700	2,900
Mar-2015	352,100	206,300	7,000
Jun-2015	374,700	196,900	6,000
Sep-2015	357,600	227,200	2,600
Dec-2015	350,600	246,800	4,100
Mar-2016	357,500	220,500	4,600
Jun-2016	350,000	228,100	4,300
Sep-2016	352,800	232,500	7,900
Dec-2016	344,300	230,100	7,400
Mar-2017	349,800	210,100	8,000
Jun-2017	361,300	219,000	3,500
Sep-2017	359,800	237,500	6,600
Dec-2017	358,800	236,400	8,200
Mar-2018	390,500	218,900	5,300
Jun-2018	370,600	222,900	6,000
Sep-2018	400,200	229,900	4,800
Dec-2018	415,600	253,600	7,300
Mar-2019	421,300	225,400	8,000
Jun-2019	416,600	200,100	1,800
Sep-2019	405,900	246,800	3,800
Dec-2019	389,900	258,400	7,300
Mar-2020	424,800	231,800	4,200
Jun-2020	327,600	171,900	4,400
Sep-2020	376,600	218,500	3,900
Dec-2020	371,100	288,800	8,300
Mar-2021	415,100	249,200	5,200
Jun-2021	395,700	253,800	2,900
Sep-2021	359,600	248,100	4,400
Dec-2021	442,100	281,000	5,000
Mar-2022	410,800	272,200	7,200
Jun-2022	428,600	277,800	5,600
Sep-2022	448,100	271,500	4,200
Dec-2022	441,500	296,200	5,600
Mar-2023	448,200	316,900	4,400

Multiple job-holders by actual full-time or part-time hours

["Date","Worked part-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs","Worked full-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs","Worked full-time hours in main and secondary jobs"]

[["Jun-2001","Sep-2001","Dec-2001","Mar-2002","Jun-2002","Sep-2002","Dec-2002","Mar-2003","Jun-2003","Sep-2003","Dec-2003","Mar-2004","Jun-2004","Sep-2004","Dec-2004","Mar-2005","Jun-2005","Sep-2005","Dec-2005","Mar-2006","Jun-2006","Sep-2006","Dec-2006","Mar-2007","Jun-2007","Sep-2007","Dec-2007","Mar-2008","Jun-2008","Sep-2008","Dec-2008","Mar-2009","Jun-2009","Sep-2009","Dec-2009","Mar-2010","Jun-2010","Sep-2010","Dec-2010","Mar-2011","Jun-2011","Sep-2011","Dec-2011","Mar-2012","Jun-2012","Sep-2012","Dec-2012","Mar-2013","Jun-2013","Sep-2013","Dec-2013","Mar-2014","Jun-2014","Sep-2014","Dec-2014","Mar-2015","Jun-2015","Sep-2015","Dec-2015","Mar-2016","Jun-2016","Sep-2016","Dec-2016","Mar-2017","Jun-2017","Sep-2017","Dec-2017","Mar-2018","Jun-2018","Sep-2018","Dec-2018","Mar-2019","Jun-2019","Sep-2019","Dec-2019","Mar-2020","Jun-2020","Sep-2020","Dec-2020","Mar-2021","Jun-2021","Sep-2021","Dec-2021","Mar-2022","Jun-2022","Sep-2022","Dec-2022","Mar-2023"],[[282400],[252000],[251900],[259500],[286300],[278300],[276600],[279200],[286100],[271000],[266500],[282500],[293800],[276400],[271400],[294300],[289800],[278400],[293500],[267900],[294500],[287000],[277900],[283600],[297800],[303000],[285300],[293200],[312000],[291700],[290200],[313300],[313400],[304000],[311500],[312500],[303500],[305800],[313600],[298600],[317000],[314400],[292600],[306000],[317000],[299300],[282000],[321600],[328500],[328400],[293500],[309100],[289600],[326100],[327200],[352100],[374700],[357600],[350600],[357500],[350000],[352800],[344300],[349800],[361300],[359800],[358800],[390500],[370600],[400200],[415600],[421300],[416600],[405900],[389900],[424800],[327600],[376600],[371100],[415100],[395700],[359600],[442100],[410800],[428600],[448100],[441500],[448200]],[[184700],[195900],[209100],[183800],[165200],[199500],[206300],[190300],[173800],[193500],[198600],[200000],[207400],[202700],[214800],[197900],[209200],[211200],[210300],[219100],[166700],[198500],[199200],[190200],[192900],[209500],[211600],[202700],[174700],[232300],[223000],[205300],[183600],[207700],[224500],[206500],[216300],[221900],[227700],[206500],[203900],[217500],[207900],[189600],[165700],[204600],[221200],[183200],[183700],[215300],[204400],[198200],[190200],[206200],[211700],[206300],[196900],[227200],[246800],[220500],[228100],[232500],[230100],[210100],[219000],[237500],[236400],[218900],[222900],[229900],[253600],[225400],[200100],[246800],[258400],[231800],[171900],[218500],[288800],[249200],[253800],[248100],[281000],[272200],[277800],[271500],[296200],[316900]],[[5000],[7200],[6700],[6200],[5200],[4400],[6600],[4200],[6700],[6300],[4400],[4500],[3900],[6100],[3900],[4500],[8000],[3200],[6500],[4100],[5000],[3400],[4900],[3900],[3400],[3600],[5200],[3800],[3400],[6000],[6600],[6500],[3200],[4800],[9300],[7700],[4100],[4800],[5000],[5500],[6100],[5000],[6300],[5400],[7100],[4900],[7500],[4100],[4100],[4700],[4400],[4300],[2000],[3300],[2900],[7000],[6000],[2600],[4100],[4600],[4300],[7900],[7400],[8000],[3500],[6600],[8200],[5300],[6000],[4800],[7300],[8000],[1800],[3800],[7300],[4200],[4400],[3900],[8300],[5200],[2900],[4400],[5000],[7200],[5600],[4200],[5600],[4400]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":" ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":"4","precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Multiple job-holders","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Note: The full-time / part-time hours categories are based on hours actually worked in the reference week, so exclude employed people who were away from work.

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Multiple job-holders by sex, by actual full-time or part-time hours
Date	Worked full-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Males	Worked full-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Females	Worked part-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Males	Worked part-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Females
Jun-2001	123,000	61,800	96,900	185,500
Sep-2001	132,700	63,200	80,700	171,300
Dec-2001	137,600	71,500	78,300	173,600
Mar-2002	120,900	62,900	83,800	175,700
Jun-2002	118,500	46,700	98,800	187,500
Sep-2002	137,900	61,600	82,700	195,600
Dec-2002	139,200	67,200	93,400	183,100
Mar-2003	127,800	62,500	90,600	188,600
Jun-2003	121,900	51,900	96,600	189,500
Sep-2003	129,100	64,400	86,100	184,900
Dec-2003	123,700	74,900	87,600	178,900
Mar-2004	128,100	71,900	92,700	189,800
Jun-2004	140,200	67,100	99,000	194,800
Sep-2004	136,200	66,500	91,100	185,200
Dec-2004	143,700	71,000	79,500	191,900
Mar-2005	127,500	70,400	92,600	201,700
Jun-2005	141,500	67,700	94,400	195,500
Sep-2005	136,700	74,400	88,400	190,000
Dec-2005	134,900	75,400	86,200	207,300
Mar-2006	143,100	75,900	86,400	181,500
Jun-2006	103,800	62,900	103,900	190,600
Sep-2006	124,700	73,800	92,500	194,500
Dec-2006	125,300	73,900	84,800	193,100
Mar-2007	125,400	64,800	88,200	195,400
Jun-2007	127,000	65,900	101,600	196,200
Sep-2007	137,300	72,100	102,700	200,300
Dec-2007	133,400	78,300	93,300	192,000
Mar-2008	131,700	70,900	95,500	197,700
Jun-2008	119,000	55,700	102,100	209,900
Sep-2008	147,100	85,200	83,200	208,500
Dec-2008	142,600	80,400	85,000	205,300
Mar-2009	133,900	71,400	94,800	218,600
Jun-2009	111,900	71,700	106,700	206,700
Sep-2009	129,000	78,700	100,100	203,800
Dec-2009	138,200	86,300	105,400	206,100
Mar-2010	133,200	73,400	97,400	215,100
Jun-2010	138,500	77,800	92,000	211,500
Sep-2010	142,200	79,700	85,100	220,700
Dec-2010	148,100	79,600	98,800	214,800
Mar-2011	133,700	72,800	96,100	202,500
Jun-2011	138,900	65,000	101,200	215,800
Sep-2011	135,600	81,800	90,300	224,100
Dec-2011	131,800	76,100	84,700	207,900
Mar-2012	113,200	76,300	101,400	204,600
Jun-2012	107,600	58,100	112,100	204,800
Sep-2012	129,500	75,200	95,200	204,100
Dec-2012	148,100	73,100	86,900	195,000
Mar-2013	116,600	66,700	101,300	220,300
Jun-2013	124,600	59,100	101,700	226,700
Sep-2013	137,900	77,400	111,800	216,600
Dec-2013	128,600	75,900	95,200	198,300
Mar-2014	133,200	65,000	104,000	205,000
Jun-2014	126,300	63,900	97,000	192,600
Sep-2014	130,300	75,900	96,200	230,000
Dec-2014	143,100	68,600	94,400	232,800
Mar-2015	134,400	71,800	116,900	235,200
Jun-2015	125,000	71,900	121,000	253,700
Sep-2015	136,100	91,000	114,600	243,000
Dec-2015	154,100	92,700	107,900	242,700
Mar-2016	129,800	90,600	122,800	234,700
Jun-2016	143,500	84,500	120,400	229,600
Sep-2016	151,000	81,500	111,300	241,600
Dec-2016	139,600	90,400	110,600	233,700
Mar-2017	126,700	83,400	112,900	236,800
Jun-2017	139,800	79,200	118,300	243,000
Sep-2017	147,400	90,100	112,500	247,300
Dec-2017	150,400	86,000	112,000	246,800
Mar-2018	135,000	83,900	130,400	260,100
Jun-2018	141,700	81,200	127,900	242,800
Sep-2018	145,700	84,200	123,200	277,000
Dec-2018	151,500	102,200	127,700	287,900
Mar-2019	134,600	90,800	146,700	274,600
Jun-2019	128,800	71,200	139,500	277,000
Sep-2019	156,000	90,700	125,900	279,900
Dec-2019	164,300	94,100	118,800	271,100
Mar-2020	147,400	84,300	147,900	276,800
Jun-2020	104,600	67,400	124,300	203,300
Sep-2020	134,700	83,700	128,400	248,100
Dec-2020	174,300	114,500	117,300	253,800
Mar-2021	153,600	95,600	140,000	275,100
Jun-2021	169,700	84,100	129,600	266,100
Sep-2021	157,800	90,300	106,700	252,900
Dec-2021	158,500	122,500	144,800	297,300
Mar-2022	169,700	102,500	134,700	276,100
Jun-2022	170,800	107,100	144,000	284,600
Sep-2022	162,600	108,900	164,800	283,300
Dec-2022	169,500	126,700	157,300	284,200
Mar-2023	184,800	132,100	155,500	292,700

Multiple job-holders by sex, by actual full-time or part-time hours

["Date","Worked full-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Males","Worked full-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Females","Worked part-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Males","Worked part-time hours in main job; part-time hours in secondary jobs - Females"]

[["Jun-2001","Sep-2001","Dec-2001","Mar-2002","Jun-2002","Sep-2002","Dec-2002","Mar-2003","Jun-2003","Sep-2003","Dec-2003","Mar-2004","Jun-2004","Sep-2004","Dec-2004","Mar-2005","Jun-2005","Sep-2005","Dec-2005","Mar-2006","Jun-2006","Sep-2006","Dec-2006","Mar-2007","Jun-2007","Sep-2007","Dec-2007","Mar-2008","Jun-2008","Sep-2008","Dec-2008","Mar-2009","Jun-2009","Sep-2009","Dec-2009","Mar-2010","Jun-2010","Sep-2010","Dec-2010","Mar-2011","Jun-2011","Sep-2011","Dec-2011","Mar-2012","Jun-2012","Sep-2012","Dec-2012","Mar-2013","Jun-2013","Sep-2013","Dec-2013","Mar-2014","Jun-2014","Sep-2014","Dec-2014","Mar-2015","Jun-2015","Sep-2015","Dec-2015","Mar-2016","Jun-2016","Sep-2016","Dec-2016","Mar-2017","Jun-2017","Sep-2017","Dec-2017","Mar-2018","Jun-2018","Sep-2018","Dec-2018","Mar-2019","Jun-2019","Sep-2019","Dec-2019","Mar-2020","Jun-2020","Sep-2020","Dec-2020","Mar-2021","Jun-2021","Sep-2021","Dec-2021","Mar-2022","Jun-2022","Sep-2022","Dec-2022","Mar-2023"],[[123000],[132700],[137600],[120900],[118500],[137900],[139200],[127800],[121900],[129100],[123700],[128100],[140200],[136200],[143700],[127500],[141500],[136700],[134900],[143100],[103800],[124700],[125300],[125400],[127000],[137300],[133400],[131700],[119000],[147100],[142600],[133900],[111900],[129000],[138200],[133200],[138500],[142200],[148100],[133700],[138900],[135600],[131800],[113200],[107600],[129500],[148100],[116600],[124600],[137900],[128600],[133200],[126300],[130300],[143100],[134400],[125000],[136100],[154100],[129800],[143500],[151000],[139600],[126700],[139800],[147400],[150400],[135000],[141700],[145700],[151500],[134600],[128800],[156000],[164300],[147400],[104600],[134700],[174300],[153600],[169700],[157800],[158500],[169700],[170800],[162600],[169500],[184800]],[[61800],[63200],[71500],[62900],[46700],[61600],[67200],[62500],[51900],[64400],[74900],[71900],[67100],[66500],[71000],[70400],[67700],[74400],[75400],[75900],[62900],[73800],[73900],[64800],[65900],[72100],[78300],[70900],[55700],[85200],[80400],[71400],[71700],[78700],[86300],[73400],[77800],[79700],[79600],[72800],[65000],[81800],[76100],[76300],[58100],[75200],[73100],[66700],[59100],[77400],[75900],[65000],[63900],[75900],[68600],[71800],[71900],[91000],[92700],[90600],[84500],[81500],[90400],[83400],[79200],[90100],[86000],[83900],[81200],[84200],[102200],[90800],[71200],[90700],[94100],[84300],[67400],[83700],[114500],[95600],[84100],[90300],[122500],[102500],[107100],[108900],[126700],[132100]],[[96900],[80700],[78300],[83800],[98800],[82700],[93400],[90600],[96600],[86100],[87600],[92700],[99000],[91100],[79500],[92600],[94400],[88400],[86200],[86400],[103900],[92500],[84800],[88200],[101600],[102700],[93300],[95500],[102100],[83200],[85000],[94800],[106700],[100100],[105400],[97400],[92000],[85100],[98800],[96100],[101200],[90300],[84700],[101400],[112100],[95200],[86900],[101300],[101700],[111800],[95200],[104000],[97000],[96200],[94400],[116900],[121000],[114600],[107900],[122800],[120400],[111300],[110600],[112900],[118300],[112500],[112000],[130400],[127900],[123200],[127700],[146700],[139500],[125900],[118800],[147900],[124300],[128400],[117300],[140000],[129600],[106700],[144800],[134700],[144000],[164800],[157300],[155500]],[[185500],[171300],[173600],[175700],[187500],[195600],[183100],[188600],[189500],[184900],[178900],[189800],[194800],[185200],[191900],[201700],[195500],[190000],[207300],[181500],[190600],[194500],[193100],[195400],[196200],[200300],[192000],[197700],[209900],[208500],[205300],[218600],[206700],[203800],[206100],[215100],[211500],[220700],[214800],[202500],[215800],[224100],[207900],[204600],[204800],[204100],[195000],[220300],[226700],[216600],[198300],[205000],[192600],[230000],[232800],[235200],[253700],[243000],[242700],[234700],[229600],[241600],[233700],[236800],[243000],[247300],[246800],[260100],[242800],[277000],[287900],[274600],[277000],[279900],[271100],[276800],[203300],[248100],[253800],[275100],[266100],[252900],[297300],[276100],[284600],[283300],[284200],[292700]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"  ","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":"4","precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"Multiple job-holders","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":"800000","tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Note: The full-time / part-time hours categories are based on hours actually worked in the reference week, so exclude employed people who were away from work. The small number of people working two full-time jobs have been excluded from this graph.

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Geography

The multiple job-holding rate tends to be higher in regional areas compared with capital cities. Tasmania was the only exception, with multiple job-holding more prevalent in Hobart than in the rest of Tasmania in March 2023.

Multiple job-holding rates by Greater Capital City Statistical Area, March 2023

A map showing the multiple job-holding rate in each capital city, and the balance of each state and territory. The data are available in the Table view.

Source: Longitudinal Labour Force, Australia

Data downloads

Table 1: Multiple job-holders rates and levels

Rates and levels of multiple job-holders time series. Sourced from the Labour Accounts.

Data files

Download xlsx [36.42 KB]

Table 2: Multiple job-holders by age and sex

Time series of multiple job-holders by age and sex. Sourced from the Labour Force Survey

Data files

Download xlsx [359.01 KB]

Table 3: Multiple job-holders income, by age, by sex and number of concurrent jobs

Median employment income of multiple job holders. Sourced from Jobs in Australia

Data files

Download xlsx [87.61 KB]

Table 4: Multiple job-holders by industry, by sex, by median income

Multiple job-holders rates and levels by industry, by sex and by median income. Levels from the Labour Accounts are proportioned using Jobs in Australia sex data of industries. Median income data by industry sourced from Jobs in Australia

Data files

Download xlsx [238.38 KB]

Table 5: Multiple job-holders by selected characteristics

Multiple job-holders and employed persons by occupation, average usual hours worked, by State, by Greater Capital City Statistical Area, and by educational qualifications. Sourced from the Labour Force Survey.

Data files

Download xlsx [691.33 KB]

All data downloads

Data files

Download zip [1.2 MB]

Post-release changes

6 September 2023 - 'Levels and rate of multiple job-holding, by sex, by industry' graph updated.

Methodology

Multiple job-holders methodology, March 2023

Do you need more detailed statistics?

Request data

We can provide customised data to meet your requirements

Request a quote

Microdata and TableBuilder

We can provide access to detailed, customisable data on selected topics

View available Microdata and TableBuilder

APA

Citation

Multiple job-holders

APA

Citation

Key statistics

Multiple job-holding over time

Sex

Age

Industry

Industry of main and second job of female multiple job-holders, 2019-20

Industry of main and second job of male multiple job-holders, 2019-20

Occupation

Hours worked

Geography

Multiple job-holding rates by Greater Capital City Statistical Area, March 2023

Data downloads

Table 1: Multiple job-holders rates and levels

Table 2: Multiple job-holders by age and sex

Table 3: Multiple job-holders income, by age, by sex and number of concurrent jobs

Table 4: Multiple job-holders by industry, by sex, by median income

Table 5: Multiple job-holders by selected characteristics

All data downloads

Post-release changes

Methodology

Do you need more detailed statistics?

Request data

Microdata and TableBuilder

Provide feedback