Age in ten year groups (AGE10P)

This variable collects each person's age in ten-year groups. If age is not reported, it is imputed. For infants aged less than one year, 0 years of age is recorded.

Age is also available for 0 to 115 years singly (AGEP) and in 5-year groups (AGE5P).

All persons

Age is calculated from date of birth when provided, otherwise stated age is used. Where both sets of information are provided, date of birth is used to derive an age in years, except in circumstances where errors in the date of birth are identified. Age data is only output in whole years.

Where a respondent does not answer the age question, age is imputed using other information on the form and using an age distribution of the population. Where respondents report an age outside the acceptable range or where there were inconsistencies between age and relationship data, age is also imputed. For more information about imputation please see imputation in the Census Glossary.

The Imputation Flag for Age variable (IFAGEP) indicates if a person's age was imputed in the Census.

A question relating to age has been asked in every Census since 1911. Since 2006, respondents have had the option to report either date of birth or age in years.

For 2021, question wording changed from 'or' to 'and' in both the question wording and response area. The online form has been changed to primarily ask for date of birth (DOB) and the respondent is presented with a check box if DOB is not known so that they can enter the person’s age. This is to encourage the provision of more accurate data.

Age data, combined with sex data, is essential to produce accurate population estimates based on the Census count.

Age is used during processing as a cross check with other variables; for example, the age of the respondent determines whether particular questions asked in the Census are applicable.

Respondents occasionally make errors in reporting their age or date of birth, such as: 

• reporting their last birthday or the date they filled out their Census form rather than their date of birth
• parents filling in the form on their children's behalf and inadvertently reporting their own age or date of birth for their children
• character transposition errors
• other typographical errors (e.g. sticky key repetition). 

There are a small number of areas where there was a high level of non-response to the age question and age was imputed. The age distribution in areas where there are high levels of age imputation may not be representative of the underlying population and should be interpreted with caution. This is more noticeable in the small number of remote communities where there is a high level of age imputation (more than 20% of Census counts), combined with the reporting of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander status. The data for people where age was reported is not impacted.

Using the Imputation Flag for Age (IFAGEP), the non-response rate for Age was 4.4% in 2021. This is a decrease from 5.6% in 2016. For more information on imputation, see Census Methodology.

• Age (AGEP)
• Age in five year groups (AGE5P)
• Imputation flag for age (IFAGEP)

• Population
• People and communities
• Population: Census