Group
Subdivision

121 Public safety offences

Latest release
Australian and New Zealand Standard Offence Classification (ANZSOC)
Reference period
2023

Description

Public safety offences include acts that reduce safety for other community members or are indicative of criminal intent. This excludes where the reduction in safety is as a result of a breach of regulation, for example relating to workplace safety or sale of alcohol.

1211 Criminal intent

Criminal intent includes behaving in a manner, or possessing tools, clothing, or other material, which indicates an intent to commit a criminal offence. 

Inclusions:

  • Go equipped to steal
  • Loiter with intent
  • Possess an object with intent to destroy or damage property
  • Possess articles of disguise or camouflage
  • Possess tools, materials or instruments used for burglary or theft
  • Other offences related to criminal intent

Exclusions:

  • Consort with known offenders, where no other offence has taken place – coded to 1212 Unlawful association
  • Conspire to murder that does not result in death – coded to 0120 Attempted murder
  • Plan or prepare for a terrorist act – coded to 1511 Terrorism offences 
  • Unlawfully enter private property with intent – coded to the relevant groups within 06 Burglary

1212 Unlawful association

Unlawful association offences relate to where a person unlawfully associates, meets, communicates, or spends time with another person. This may be because one or both people are members of a gang, former offenders, part of an organised crime group, or another illegal group.

Inclusions:

  • Consort with known offenders
  • Gang-related consorting offences
  • Use of a symbol, motif, insignia, or uniform that promotes violence or signifies membership to an unlawful group
  • Other unlawful association offences

Exclusions:

  • Breach person or place restrictions on a justice or sentencing order – coded to the relevant groups within 14 Offences against justice procedures and orders
  • Membership in or demonstrating support for a terrorist organisation – coded to 1511 Terrorism offences

1213 Riot or affray

A riot is a public disturbance involving acts or threats of violence by a group of people, often for a common cause. Affray is a fight involving multiple people disturbing the peace in a public space.

Inclusions:

  • Incite a riot
  • Participate in a riot
  • Participate in an affray
  • Other riot or affray offences

Exclusions:

  • Peaceful protest causing disruption to commercial activities – coded to 1229 Disruptive conduct, nec
  • Property damage – coded to the relevant groups within 112 Damage or destroy property
  • Unruly behaviour by an individual or group without a particular cause – coded to 1223 Offensive behaviour

1219 Public safety offences, nec

This group is for offences not elsewhere classified that reduce safety for other community members or are indicative of criminal intent. It excludes regulatory offences and offences against individual victims.

Inclusions:

  • Incite criminal activity
  • Vilify or incite hatred or violence against or towards a group, where this does not amount to terrorism
  • Other public safety offences not elsewhere classified

Exclusions:

  • Acts that are disruptive or offensive but not otherwise dangerous – coded to 1229 Disruptive conduct, nec
  • Incite or facilitate violence towards government – coded to 1519 Offences against national security, nec
  • Incite violence towards an individual person – coded to 0499 Harm or endanger persons, nec
  • Regulatory offences related to public safety – coded to 1299 Public order, health, and safety offences, nec
  • Threats to national security – coded to 1519 Offences against national security, nec
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