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National, state and territory population

This is not the latest release View the latest release

Statistics about the population and components of change (births, deaths, migration) for Australia and its states and territories

Reference period

December 2022

Released

15/06/2023

View all releases

Key statistics

Statistics in this release are commonly known as Estimated Resident Population (ERP).

Australia’s population was 26,268,359 people at 31 December 2022.
The quarterly growth was 127,078 people (0.5%).
The annual growth was 496,800 people (1.9%).
Annual natural increase was 109,800 and net overseas migration was 387,000.

In this issue, the ABS has rebased the population estimates to the 2021 Census of Population. Estimates for September 2016 - June 2021 are final. For further information see Methodology used in final rebased population estimates, June 2021. These final rebased estimates supersede all previously released estimates.

National

Annual population change

In the year ending 31 December 2022, Australia's population grew by 496,800 people (1.9%).

Annual population growth rate(a)(b)
	Annual population change (%)
Dec-02	1.13
Mar-03	1.15
Jun-03	1.16
Sep-03	1.15
Dec-03	1.13
Mar-04	1.11
Jun-04	1.07
Sep-04	1.09
Dec-04	1.10
Mar-05	1.17
Jun-05	1.22
Sep-05	1.28
Dec-05	1.32
Mar-06	1.35
Jun-06	1.36
Sep-06	1.47
Dec-06	1.56
Mar-07	1.69
Jun-07	1.84
Sep-07	1.86
Dec-07	1.88
Mar-08	1.96
Jun-08	2.02
Sep-08	2.11
Dec-08	2.19
Mar-09	2.14
Jun-09	2.08
Sep-09	1.98
Dec-09	1.82
Mar-10	1.68
Jun-10	1.57
Sep-10	1.45
Dec-10	1.40
Mar-11	1.39
Jun-11	1.40
Sep-11	1.49
Dec-11	1.58
Mar-12	1.67
Jun-12	1.76
Sep-12	1.79
Dec-12	1.80
Mar-13	1.78
Jun-13	1.74
Sep-13	1.69
Dec-13	1.61
Mar-14	1.58
Jun-14	1.50
Sep-14	1.48
Dec-14	1.47
Mar-15	1.45
Jun-15	1.45
Sep-15	1.45
Dec-15	1.46
Mar-16	1.51
Jun-16	1.57
Sep-16	1.65
Dec-16	1.67
Mar-17	1.69
Jun-17	1.66
Sep-17	1.62
Dec-17	1.53
Mar-18	1.51
Jun-18	1.51
Sep-18	1.53
Dec-18	1.56
Mar-19	1.54
Jun-19	1.49
Sep-19	1.48
Dec-19	1.49
Mar-20	1.44
Jun-20	1.24
Sep-20	0.77
Dec-20	0.43
Mar-21	0.10
Jun-21	0.14
Sep-21	0.27
Dec-21	0.55
Mar-22	0.99
Jun-22	1.25
Sep-22	1.70
Dec-22	1.93

Annual population growth rate(a)(b)

["","Annual population change"]

[["Dec-02","Mar-03","Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[1.1299999999999999],[1.1499999999999999],[1.1599999999999999],[1.1499999999999999],[1.1299999999999999],[1.1100000000000001],[1.0700000000000001],[1.0900000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1.1699999999999999],[1.22],[1.28],[1.3200000000000001],[1.3500000000000001],[1.3600000000000001],[1.47],[1.5600000000000001],[1.6899999999999999],[1.8400000000000001],[1.8600000000000001],[1.8799999999999999],[1.96],[2.02],[2.1099999999999999],[2.1899999999999999],[2.1400000000000001],[2.0800000000000001],[1.98],[1.8200000000000001],[1.6799999999999999],[1.5700000000000001],[1.45],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3899999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[1.49],[1.5800000000000001],[1.6699999999999999],[1.76],[1.79],[1.8],[1.78],[1.74],[1.6899999999999999],[1.6100000000000001],[1.5800000000000001],[1.5],[1.48],[1.47],[1.45],[1.45],[1.45],[1.46],[1.51],[1.5700000000000001],[1.6499999999999999],[1.6699999999999999],[1.6899999999999999],[1.6599999999999999],[1.6200000000000001],[1.53],[1.51],[1.51],[1.53],[1.5600000000000001],[1.54],[1.49],[1.48],[1.49],[1.4399999999999999],[1.24],[0.77000000000000002],[0.42999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[0.14000000000000001],[0.27000000000000002],[0.55000000000000004],[0.98999999999999999],[1.25],[1.7],[1.9299999999999999]]]

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Annual growth calculated at the end of each quarter.
All data after 30 June 2021 is subject to revision.

Australia's population growth is comprised of natural increase (births minus deaths) and net overseas migration (migration arrivals minus migration departures).

Components of quarterly population change

In the December 2022 quarter, natural increase:

was 29,200 people
increased by 6,700 people since the previous quarter

In the December 2022 quarter, net overseas migration:

was 97,900 people
decreased by 15,400 people since the previous quarter

Components of quarterly population change
	Total growth	Natural increase	Net overseas migration
Dec-18	78,741	35,863	45,728
Mar-19	118,792	38,122	83,554
Jun-19	69,894	34,550	38,228
Sep-19	103,247	31,996	74,525
Dec-19	82,395	34,335	51,313
Mar-20	107,456	35,563	75,179
Jun-20	21,324	32,925	-8,314
Sep-20	-15,907	31,234	-42,551
Dec-20	-2,643	31,204	-29,271
Mar-21	22,307	41,105	-14,190
Jun-21	32,407	35,936	1,082
Sep-21	18,235	31,998	-13,763
Dec-21	67,956	34,219	33,737
Mar-22	134,388	28,033	106,355
Jun-22	99,549	30,110	69,439
Sep-22	135,741	22,468	113,273
Dec-22	127,078	29,174	97,904

Components of quarterly population change

["","Total growth","Natural increase","Net overseas migration"]

[["Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[78741],[118792],[69894],[103247],[82395],[107456],[21324],[-15907],[-2643],[22307],[32407],[18235],[67956],[134388],[99549],[135741],[127078]],[[35863],[38122],[34550],[31996],[34335],[35563],[32925],[31234],[31204],[41105],[35936],[31998],[34219],[28033],[30110],[22468],[29174]],[[45728],[83554],[38228],[74525],[51313],[75179],[-8314],[-42551],[-29271],[-14190],[1082],[-13763],[33737],[106355],[69439],[113273],[97904]]]

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Components of annual population change

In the year ending 31 December 2022, natural increase:

was 109,800 people
decreased by 33,500 people (23.4%) since the previous year

In the year ending 31 December 2022, net overseas migration:

was 387,000 people
increased by 380,100 people since the previous year

Components of annual population change(a)
	Total growth	Natural increase	Net overseas migration
Dec-02	218,980	117,024	110,475
Mar-03	223,278	115,779	115,694
Jun-03	225,527	116,899	116,498
Sep-03	224,558	118,327	113,833
Dec-03	221,714	118,944	110,104
Mar-04	217,477	120,541	104,002
Jun-04	211,985	118,817	99,966
Sep-04	216,248	119,865	103,135
Dec-04	218,848	119,133	106,425
Mar-05	232,448	121,098	118,020
Jun-05	244,122	126,994	123,763
Sep-05	255,050	130,362	130,819
Dec-05	265,540	134,156	137,009
Mar-06	271,579	133,543	143,153
Jun-06	274,122	131,973	146,753
Sep-06	297,555	136,595	166,253
Dec-06	316,004	139,793	182,196
Mar-07	344,685	146,327	205,033
Jun-07	376,656	151,225	232,796
Sep-07	381,878	151,295	238,660
Dec-07	388,574	153,327	244,030
Mar-08	406,111	154,155	261,444
Jun-08	421,577	154,432	277,338
Sep-08	441,889	154,320	298,648
Dec-08	459,504	155,794	315,687
Mar-09	452,748	154,693	310,921
Jun-09	442,454	156,343	299,866
Sep-09	422,039	158,728	278,259
Dec-09	389,998	159,237	246,900
Mar-10	362,421	161,691	218,063
Jun-10	340,097	162,566	196,058
Sep-10	316,314	161,846	175,318
Dec-10	306,846	157,978	172,038
Mar-11	304,661	157,003	173,149
Jun-11	308,274	155,714	180,372
Sep-11	328,369	154,518	194,040
Dec-11	349,728	156,050	206,240
Mar-12	372,185	157,854	219,276
Jun-12	393,441	158,822	231,947
Sep-12	401,151	158,708	239,848
Dec-12	405,826	163,064	240,248
Mar-13	402,061	162,153	237,462
Jun-13	394,664	161,958	230,329
Sep-13	386,309	162,611	221,214
Dec-13	369,754	158,791	208,379
Mar-14	363,189	158,305	202,191
Jun-14	347,557	156,976	187,778
Sep-14	342,670	155,718	183,735
Dec-14	342,554	156,565	182,345
Mar-15	339,436	154,285	181,080
Jun-15	340,309	151,779	184,033
Sep-15	341,370	150,622	184,227
Dec-15	344,250	148,985	186,730
Mar-16	357,796	151,267	195,976
Jun-16	374,912	154,351	206,233
Sep-16	393,259	154,883	229,509
Dec-16	400,483	153,212	243,829
Mar-17	407,984	150,436	259,585
Jun-17	401,681	147,602	263,351
Sep-17	392,541	142,603	259,426
Dec-17	373,954	142,005	241,661
Mar-18	370,342	142,279	237,997
Jun-18	370,670	142,604	238,224
Sep-18	377,328	145,498	242,320
Dec-18	387,122	145,721	252,220
Mar-19	383,181	143,667	250,669
Jun-19	371,568	141,719	241,338
Sep-19	370,674	140,531	242,035
Dec-19	374,328	139,003	247,620
Mar-20	362,992	136,444	239,245
Jun-20	314,422	134,819	192,703
Sep-20	195,268	134,057	75,627
Dec-20	110,230	130,926	-4,957
Mar-21	25,081	136,468	-94,326
Jun-21	36,164	139,479	-84,930
Sep-21	70,306	140,243	-56,142
Dec-21	140,905	143,258	6,866
Mar-22	252,986	130,186	127,411
Jun-22	320,128	124,360	195,768
Sep-22	437,634	114,830	322,804
Dec-22	496,756	109,785	386,971

Components of annual population change(a)

["","Total growth","Natural increase","Net overseas migration"]

[["Dec-02","Mar-03","Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22"],[[218980],[223278],[225527],[224558],[221714],[217477],[211985],[216248],[218848],[232448],[244122],[255050],[265540],[271579],[274122],[297555],[316004],[344685],[376656],[381878],[388574],[406111],[421577],[441889],[459504],[452748],[442454],[422039],[389998],[362421],[340097],[316314],[306846],[304661],[308274],[328369],[349728],[372185],[393441],[401151],[405826],[402061],[394664],[386309],[369754],[363189],[347557],[342670],[342554],[339436],[340309],[341370],[344250],[357796],[374912],[393259],[400483],[407984],[401681],[392541],[373954],[370342],[370670],[377328],[387122],[383181],[371568],[370674],[374328],[362992],[314422],[195268],[110230],[25081],[36164],[70306],[140905],[252986],[320128],[437634],[496756]],[[117024],[115779],[116899],[118327],[118944],[120541],[118817],[119865],[119133],[121098],[126994],[130362],[134156],[133543],[131973],[136595],[139793],[146327],[151225],[151295],[153327],[154155],[154432],[154320],[155794],[154693],[156343],[158728],[159237],[161691],[162566],[161846],[157978],[157003],[155714],[154518],[156050],[157854],[158822],[158708],[163064],[162153],[161958],[162611],[158791],[158305],[156976],[155718],[156565],[154285],[151779],[150622],[148985],[151267],[154351],[154883],[153212],[150436],[147602],[142603],[142005],[142279],[142604],[145498],[145721],[143667],[141719],[140531],[139003],[136444],[134819],[134057],[130926],[136468],[139479],[140243],[143258],[130186],[124360],[114830],[109785]],[[110475],[115694],[116498],[113833],[110104],[104002],[99966],[103135],[106425],[118020],[123763],[130819],[137009],[143153],[146753],[166253],[182196],[205033],[232796],[238660],[244030],[261444],[277338],[298648],[315687],[310921],[299866],[278259],[246900],[218063],[196058],[175318],[172038],[173149],[180372],[194040],[206240],[219276],[231947],[239848],[240248],[237462],[230329],[221214],[208379],[202191],[187778],[183735],[182345],[181080],[184033],[184227],[186730],[195976],[206233],[229509],[243829],[259585],[263351],[259426],[241661],[237997],[238224],[242320],[252220],[250669],[241338],[242035],[247620],[239245],[192703],[75627],[-4957],[-94326],[-84930],[-56142],[6866],[127411],[195768],[322804],[386971]]]

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Annual components calculated at the end of each quarter.

Births and deaths

Overseas migration arrivals and departures

States and territories

Annual population change

All states and territories had positive population growth over the year ending 31 December 2022.
Western Australia had the fastest growth rate (2.3%).
Tasmania had the slowest rate (0.5%).

	Population at 31 December 2022 ('000)	Change over previous year ('000)	Change over previous year (%)
New South Wales	8238.8	138.0	1.7
Victoria	6704.3	137.7	2.1
Queensland	5378.3	116.6	2.2
South Australia	1834.3	28.5	1.6
Western Australia	2825.2	62.7	2.3
Tasmania	571.6	2.9	0.5
Northern Territory	250.1	2.0	0.8
Australian Capital Territory	460.9	8.3	1.8
Australia (a)	26268.4	496.8	1.9

a. Includes Other Territories comprising Jervis Bay Territory, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.

State and territory population change is comprised of natural increase, net overseas migration, and net interstate migration (interstate arrivals minus interstate departures).

Components of annual population change

For the year ending 31 December 2022:

net overseas migration was the major contributor to change in most states, New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory.
natural increase was the major contributor to change in the Northern Territory.

Components of annual population growth
	Natural increase	Net interstate migration	Net overseas migration
NSW	34,919	-31,560	134,602
Vic.	27,216	-9,955	120,460
Qld	23,939	34,545	58,078
SA	3,999	670	23,857
WA	14,164	10,593	37,910
Tas.	369	-941	3,448
NT	2,277	-2,124	1,869
ACT	2,893	-1,228	6,671

Components of annual population growth

["","Natural increase","Net interstate migration","Net overseas migration"]

[["NSW","Vic.","Qld","SA","WA","Tas.","NT","ACT"],[[34919],[27216],[23939],[3999],[14164],[369],[2277],[2893]],[[-31560],[-9955],[34545],[670],[10593],[-941],[-2124],[-1228]],[[134602],[120460],[58078],[23857],[37910],[3448],[1869],[6671]]]

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Natural increase by state and territory

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Births	97,900	75,194	62,101	19,455	31,461	5,511 (a)	3,616	5,456
Deaths	62,981	47,978	38,162	15,456	17,297	5,142	1,339	2,563
Natural increase	34,919	27,216	23,939	3,999	14,164	369	2,277	2,893

Net overseas migration by state and territory

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Overseas arrivals	217,604	181,984	100,860	33,620	61,788	6,077	5,662	11,902
Overseas departures	83,002	61,524	42,782	9,763	23,878	2,629	3,793	5,231
Net overseas migration	134,602	120,460	58,078	23,857	37,910	3,448	1,869	6,671

Net interstate migration by state and territory

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Interstate arrivals	89,511	73,870	113,087	26,016	37,076	13,453	14,626	20,439
Interstate departures	121,071	83,825	78,542	25,346	26,483	14,394	16,750	21,667
Net interstate migration	-31,560	-9,955	34,545	670	10,593	-941	-2,124	-1,228

Internal migration, capital city - rest of state

Notes

COVID-19

Statistics in this release are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting Australian Government closure of the international border through most of 2020 and 2021.

To ensure the ongoing production of fit-for-purpose official population estimates through the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABS has been assessing the likely impact of changed traveller behaviour on preliminary overseas migration estimates, a component of ERP. The ABS has introduced more frequent revisions to overseas migration to ensure the suite of demographic statistics continue to be of high quality and reflect the most timely data available. Preliminary overseas migration estimates will be revised every quarter over four quarters, instead of once after four quarters, until it becomes final. These more frequent revisions will ensure the most timely and accurate data flows through to ERP.

For further information see the Improvements to estimation of net overseas migration.

Data downloads - time series spreadsheets

I-note

Population and components of change - national

Quarterly population and components of change, national, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [68.1 KB]

Components of population change - states and territories

Quarterly components of change, by state and territory, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [88.93 KB]

Population - states and territories

Quarterly population by sex, by state and territory, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [86.13 KB]

Interstate migration arrivals

Quarterly interstate migration arrivals, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [58.72 KB]

Interstate migration departures

Quarterly interstate migration departures, from June 1981 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [58.7 KB]

Population - New South Wales

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, NSW, from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [186.26 KB]

Population - Victoria

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Vic., from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [185.69 KB]

Population - Queensland

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Qld, from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [182.99 KB]

Population - South Australia

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, SA, from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [179.83 KB]

Population - Western Australia

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, WA, from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [180.1 KB]

Population - Tasmania

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Tas., from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [173.97 KB]

Population - Northern Territory

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, NT, from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [166.58 KB]

Population - Australian Capital Territory

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, ACT, from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [170.64 KB]

Population - Australia

Population at 30 June, by sex and single year of age, Aust., from 1971 onwards

Data files

Download xlsx [190.92 KB]

All time series spreadsheets

Data files

Download zip [1.7 MB]

Data downloads - data cubes

National, state and territory population tables

Various tables of population, components of change and rates, by state and territory.

Data files

Download xlsx [142.76 KB]

Population by age and sex - national

Summary statistics of Australia's population by age and sex

Data files

Download xlsx [142.56 KB]

Standard population

Standard population used in age-standardised rates

Data files

Download xlsx [19.58 KB]

Regional internal migration estimates, provisional

Data files

Download xlsx [74.9 KB]

All data cubes

Data files

Download zip [323.6 KB]

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 3101.0

Data Explorer datasets

Quarterly Population Estimates (ERP), by State/Territory, Sex and Age
Population and components of change - national, states and territories
Interstate Migration by States and Territories of Arrival and Departure by Sex
Interstate migration: Arrivals, departures and net, State/territory, Age and sex - Financial years, 1996-97 onwards
Interstate migration: Arrivals, departures and net, State/territory, Age and sex - Calendar years, 1997 onwards
Population Clock Component Data

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Caution: Data in Data Explorer is currently released after the 11:30am release on the ABS website. Please check the reference period when using Data Explorer.

Rebasing of Australia's population estimates using the 2021 Census

Methodology used in final rebased population estimates, June 2021

2021 Census update of the Net Interstate Migration model

Post-release changes

15th September 2023 - Scaling updated for 'Components of annual population growth' graph.

27th July 2023 - Data downloads - Population and components of change - national, table 12. September 2022 data has been added.

Methodology

National, state and territory population methodology, December 2022

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Microdata and TableBuilder

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APA

National, state and territory population

APA

Key statistics

National

Annual population change

Components of quarterly population change

Components of annual population change

Births and deaths

Births

Deaths

Overseas migration arrivals and departures

Overseas migration arrivals

Overseas migration departures

States and territories

Annual population change

Components of annual population change

Natural increase by state and territory

Net overseas migration by state and territory

Net interstate migration by state and territory

Internal migration, capital city - rest of state

Notes

COVID-19

Data downloads - time series spreadsheets

I-note

Population and components of change - national

Components of population change - states and territories

Population - states and territories

Interstate migration arrivals

Interstate migration departures

Population - New South Wales

Population - Victoria

Population - Queensland

Population - South Australia

Population - Western Australia

Population - Tasmania

Population - Northern Territory

Population - Australian Capital Territory

Population - Australia

All time series spreadsheets

Data downloads - data cubes

National, state and territory population tables

Population by age and sex - national

Standard population

Regional internal migration estimates, provisional

All data cubes

Previous catalogue number

Data Explorer datasets

Rebasing of Australia's population estimates using the 2021 Census

2021 Census update of the Net Interstate Migration model

Post-release changes

Methodology

Media releases

1.9% population growth driven by overseas migration

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Request data

Microdata and TableBuilder