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National, state and territory population

This is not the latest release View the latest release

Statistics about the population and components of change (births, deaths, migration) for Australia and its states and territories

Reference period

December 2019

Released

18/06/2020

View all releases

Key statistics

Australia’s population was 25,522,169 people at 31 December 2019.
The quarterly growth was 70,200 people (0.3%).
The annual growth was 349,800 people (1.4%).
39.8% of annual growth was due to natural increase, and 60.2% was due to net overseas migration.

National

Annual population change

In the year ending 31 December 2019, Australia's population grew by 349,800 people (1.4%).

Annual population growth rate(a)(b)
	Annual population change (%)
Dec-99	1.1
Mar-00	1.2
Jun-00	1.2
Sep-00	1.2
Dec-00	1.2
Mar-01	1.3
Jun-01	1.3
Sep-01	1.3
Dec-01	1.3
Mar-02	1.2
Jun-02	1.1
Sep-02	1.1
Dec-02	1.1
Mar-03	1.2
Jun-03	1.2
Sep-03	1.2
Dec-03	1.1
Mar-04	1.1
Jun-04	1.1
Sep-04	1.1
Dec-04	1.1
Mar-05	1.2
Jun-05	1.2
Sep-05	1.3
Dec-05	1.3
Mar-06	1.4
Jun-06	1.4
Sep-06	1.5
Dec-06	1.6
Mar-07	1.7
Jun-07	1.8
Sep-07	1.9
Dec-07	1.9
Mar-08	2.0
Jun-08	2.0
Sep-08	2.1
Dec-08	2.2
Mar-09	2.1
Jun-09	2.1
Sep-09	2.0
Dec-09	1.8
Mar-10	1.7
Jun-10	1.6
Sep-10	1.5
Dec-10	1.4
Mar-11	1.4
Jun-11	1.4
Sep-11	1.5
Dec-11	1.6
Mar-12	1.7
Jun-12	1.8
Sep-12	1.8
Dec-12	1.8
Mar-13	1.8
Jun-13	1.7
Sep-13	1.7
Dec-13	1.6
Mar-14	1.6
Jun-14	1.5
Sep-14	1.5
Dec-14	1.5
Mar-15	1.5
Jun-15	1.5
Sep-15	1.5
Dec-15	1.5
Mar-16	1.5
Jun-16	1.6
Sep-16	1.7
Dec-16	1.7
Mar-17	1.7
Jun-17	1.7
Sep-17	1.7
Dec-17	1.6
Mar-18	1.6
Jun-18	1.6
Sep-18	1.6
Dec-18	1.6
Mar-19	1.6
Jun-19	1.5
Sep-19	1.4
Dec-19	1.4

Annual population growth rate(a)(b)

["","Annual population change"]

[["Dec-99","Mar-00","Jun-00","Sep-00","Dec-00","Mar-01","Jun-01","Sep-01","Dec-01","Mar-02","Jun-02","Sep-02","Dec-02","Mar-03","Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19"],[[1.1399999999999999],[1.1499999999999999],[1.1499999999999999],[1.1599999999999999],[1.1699999999999999],[1.26],[1.29],[1.27],[1.28],[1.1899999999999999],[1.1399999999999999],[1.1399999999999999],[1.1299999999999999],[1.1499999999999999],[1.1599999999999999],[1.1499999999999999],[1.1299999999999999],[1.1100000000000001],[1.0700000000000001],[1.0900000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1.1699999999999999],[1.22],[1.28],[1.3200000000000001],[1.3500000000000001],[1.3600000000000001],[1.47],[1.5600000000000001],[1.6899999999999999],[1.8400000000000001],[1.8600000000000001],[1.8799999999999999],[1.96],[2.02],[2.1099999999999999],[2.1899999999999999],[2.1400000000000001],[2.0800000000000001],[1.98],[1.8200000000000001],[1.6799999999999999],[1.5700000000000001],[1.45],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3899999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[1.49],[1.5800000000000001],[1.6699999999999999],[1.76],[1.79],[1.8],[1.78],[1.74],[1.6899999999999999],[1.6100000000000001],[1.5800000000000001],[1.5],[1.48],[1.47],[1.45],[1.45],[1.45],[1.46],[1.51],[1.5700000000000001],[1.6499999999999999],[1.6899999999999999],[1.72],[1.7],[1.6499999999999999],[1.5700000000000001],[1.55],[1.55],[1.5800000000000001],[1.6100000000000001],[1.5600000000000001],[1.5],[1.4299999999999999],[1.3899999999999999]]]

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Annual growth calculated at the end of each quarter.
All data to 30 June 2016 is final, September 2016 to June 2018 is revised and estimates for September 2018 onwards are preliminary and are subject to revision.

Australia's population growth is comprised of natural increase (births minus deaths) and net overseas migration (migration arrivals minus migration departures).

Components of quarterly population change

In the December 2019 quarter, natural increase:

was 34,300 people
increased by 2,000 people since the previous quarter

In the December 2019 quarter, net overseas migration:

was 35,900 people
decreased by 26,200 people since the previous quarter

Components of quarterly population change
	Total growth	Natural increase	Net overseas migration
Dec-15	80,310	37,909	39,273
Mar-16	118,844	42,678	73,013
Jun-16	87,482	39,007	43,566
Sep-16	108,946	35,289	73,657
Dec-16	89,831	36,238	53,593
Mar-17	128,671	39,902	88,769
Jun-17	83,505	36,173	47,332
Sep-17	100,022	30,290	69,732
Dec-17	71,468	35,640	35,828
Mar-18	125,281	40,176	85,105
Jun-18	84,057	36,498	47,559
Sep-18	110,034	36,206	73,828
Dec-18	79,614	33,886	45,728
Mar-19	114,601	31,947	82,654
Jun-19	70,616	40,675	29,941
Sep-19	94,382	32,258	62,124
Dec-19	70,234	34,291	35,943

Components of quarterly population change

["","Total growth","Natural increase","Net overseas migration"]

[["Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19"],[[80310],[118844],[87482],[108946],[89831],[128671],[83505],[100022],[71468],[125281],[84057],[110034],[79614],[114601],[70616],[94382],[70234]],[[37909],[42678],[39007],[35289],[36238],[39902],[36173],[30290],[35640],[40176],[36498],[36206],[33886],[31947],[40675],[32258],[34291]],[[39273],[73013],[43566],[73657],[53593],[88769],[47332],[69732],[35828],[85105],[47559],[73828],[45728],[82654],[29941],[62124],[35943]]]

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Components of annual population change

In the year ending 31 December 2019, natural increase:

was 139,200 people
decreased by 7,600 people (5.2%) since the previous year
contributed 39.8% to Australia's annual population growth

In the year ending 31 December 2019, net overseas migration:

was 210,700 people
decreased by 41,600 people (16.5%) since the previous year
contributed 60.2% to Australia's annual population growth

Components of annual population change(a)
	Total growth	Natural increase	Net overseas migration
Dec-99	213,590	122,915	104,210
Mar-00	216,186	122,809	106,552
Jun-00	216,538	122,077	107,275
Sep-00	218,360	121,035	109,456
Dec-00	221,826	121,831	111,441
Mar-01	238,470	120,435	128,796
Jun-01	245,899	120,306	135,673
Sep-01	243,067	121,430	131,490
Dec-01	245,425	118,978	136,076
Mar-02	228,169	119,918	117,651
Jun-02	220,509	119,120	110,556
Sep-02	219,764	115,874	112,733
Dec-02	218,980	117,024	110,475
Mar-03	223,278	115,779	115,694
Jun-03	225,527	116,899	116,498
Sep-03	224,558	118,327	113,833
Dec-03	221,714	118,944	110,104
Mar-04	217,477	120,541	104,002
Jun-04	211,985	118,817	99,966
Sep-04	216,248	119,865	103,135
Dec-04	218,848	119,133	106,425
Mar-05	232,448	121,098	118,020
Jun-05	244,122	126,994	123,763
Sep-05	255,050	130,362	130,819
Dec-05	265,540	134,156	137,009
Mar-06	271,579	133,543	143,153
Jun-06	274,122	131,973	146,753
Sep-06	297,555	136,595	166,253
Dec-06	316,004	139,793	182,196
Mar-07	344,685	146,327	205,033
Jun-07	376,656	151,225	232,796
Sep-07	381,878	151,295	238,660
Dec-07	388,574	153,327	244,030
Mar-08	406,111	154,155	261,444
Jun-08	421,577	154,432	277,338
Sep-08	441,889	154,320	298,648
Dec-08	459,504	155,794	315,687
Mar-09	452,748	154,693	310,921
Jun-09	442,454	156,343	299,866
Sep-09	422,039	158,728	278,259
Dec-09	389,998	159,237	246,900
Mar-10	362,421	161,691	218,063
Jun-10	340,097	162,566	196,058
Sep-10	316,314	161,846	175,318
Dec-10	306,846	157,978	172,038
Mar-11	304,661	157,003	173,149
Jun-11	308,274	155,714	180,372
Sep-11	328,369	154,518	194,040
Dec-11	349,728	156,050	206,240
Mar-12	372,185	157,854	219,276
Jun-12	393,441	158,822	231,947
Sep-12	401,151	158,708	239,848
Dec-12	405,826	163,064	240,248
Mar-13	402,061	162,153	237,462
Jun-13	394,664	161,958	230,329
Sep-13	386,309	162,611	221,214
Dec-13	369,754	158,791	208,379
Mar-14	363,189	158,305	202,191
Jun-14	347,557	156,976	187,778
Sep-14	342,670	155,718	183,735
Dec-14	342,554	156,565	182,345
Mar-15	339,436	154,285	181,080
Jun-15	340,309	151,779	184,033
Sep-15	341,370	150,622	184,227
Dec-15	344,250	148,985	186,730
Mar-16	357,796	151,267	195,976
Jun-16	374,912	154,351	206,233
Sep-16	395,582	154,883	229,509
Dec-16	405,103	153,212	243,829
Mar-17	414,930	150,436	259,585
Jun-17	410,953	147,602	263,351
Sep-17	402,029	142,603	259,426
Dec-17	383,666	142,005	241,661
Mar-18	380,276	142,279	237,997
Jun-18	380,828	142,604	238,224
Sep-18	390,840	148,520	242,320
Dec-18	398,986	146,766	252,220
Mar-19	388,306	138,537	249,769
Jun-19	374,865	142,714	232,151
Sep-19	359,213	138,766	220,447
Dec-19	349,833	139,171	210,662

Components of annual population change(a)

["","Total growth","Natural increase","Net overseas migration"]

[["Dec-99","Mar-00","Jun-00","Sep-00","Dec-00","Mar-01","Jun-01","Sep-01","Dec-01","Mar-02","Jun-02","Sep-02","Dec-02","Mar-03","Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19"],[[213590],[216186],[216538],[218360],[221826],[238470],[245899],[243067],[245425],[228169],[220509],[219764],[218980],[223278],[225527],[224558],[221714],[217477],[211985],[216248],[218848],[232448],[244122],[255050],[265540],[271579],[274122],[297555],[316004],[344685],[376656],[381878],[388574],[406111],[421577],[441889],[459504],[452748],[442454],[422039],[389998],[362421],[340097],[316314],[306846],[304661],[308274],[328369],[349728],[372185],[393441],[401151],[405826],[402061],[394664],[386309],[369754],[363189],[347557],[342670],[342554],[339436],[340309],[341370],[344250],[357796],[374912],[395582],[405103],[414930],[410953],[402029],[383666],[380276],[380828],[390840],[398986],[388306],[374865],[359213],[349833]],[[122915],[122809],[122077],[121035],[121831],[120435],[120306],[121430],[118978],[119918],[119120],[115874],[117024],[115779],[116899],[118327],[118944],[120541],[118817],[119865],[119133],[121098],[126994],[130362],[134156],[133543],[131973],[136595],[139793],[146327],[151225],[151295],[153327],[154155],[154432],[154320],[155794],[154693],[156343],[158728],[159237],[161691],[162566],[161846],[157978],[157003],[155714],[154518],[156050],[157854],[158822],[158708],[163064],[162153],[161958],[162611],[158791],[158305],[156976],[155718],[156565],[154285],[151779],[150622],[148985],[151267],[154351],[154883],[153212],[150436],[147602],[142603],[142005],[142279],[142604],[148520],[146766],[138537],[142714],[138766],[139171]],[[104210],[106552],[107275],[109456],[111441],[128796],[135673],[131490],[136076],[117651],[110556],[112733],[110475],[115694],[116498],[113833],[110104],[104002],[99966],[103135],[106425],[118020],[123763],[130819],[137009],[143153],[146753],[166253],[182196],[205033],[232796],[238660],[244030],[261444],[277338],[298648],[315687],[310921],[299866],[278259],[246900],[218063],[196058],[175318],[172038],[173149],[180372],[194040],[206240],[219276],[231947],[239848],[240248],[237462],[230329],[221214],[208379],[202191],[187778],[183735],[182345],[181080],[184033],[184227],[186730],[195976],[206233],[229509],[243829],[259585],[263351],[259426],[241661],[237997],[238224],[242320],[252220],[249769],[232151],[220447],[210662]]]

[]

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Annual components calculated at the end of each quarter.

Births and deaths

Overseas migration arrivals and departures

States and territories

Annual population change

All states and territories, except the Northern Territory, had positive population growth over the year ending 31 December 2019.
Victoria had the highest growth rate (1.9%).
The Northern Territory had the lowest growth rate (-0.4%).

Annual population change by state and territory

	Population at 31 Dec 2019 ('000)	Change over previous year ('000)	Change over previous year (%)
New South Wales	8,129.0	90.9	1.1
Victoria	6,651.1	122.2	1.9
Queensland	5,130.0	79.3	1.6
South Australia	1,759.2	15.7	0.9
Western Australia	2,639.1	33.2	1.3
Tasmania	537.0	5.2	1.0
Northern Territory	244.8	-0.9	-0.4
Australian Capital Territory	427.4	4.2	1.0
Australia (a)	25,522.2	349.8	1.4

a. Includes Other Territories comprising Jervis Bay Territory, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.

State and territory population change is comprised of natural increase, net overseas migration, and net interstate migration (interstate arrivals minus interstate departures).

Components of annual population change

For the year ending 31 December 2019:

natural increase was the major contributor to population change in Queensland and the Australian Capital Territory
net interstate migration loss was the largest component of population change in the Northern Territory
net overseas migration was the major contributor to population change in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania.

Components of annual population growth
	Natural increase	Net interstate migration	Net overseas migration
NSW	42,839	-22,447	70,545
Vic.	35,955	10,649	75,557
Qld	29,264	22,928	27,144
SA	5,526	-3,861	14,074
WA	18,499	-4,124	18,862
Tas.	1,089	1,438	2,635
NT	2,517	-3,994	535
ACT	3,488	-589	1,291

Components of annual population growth

["","Natural increase","Net interstate migration","Net overseas migration"]

[["NSW","Vic.","Qld","SA","WA","Tas.","NT","ACT"],[[42839],[35955],[29264],[5526],[18499],[1089],[2517],[3488]],[[-22447],[10649],[22928],[-3861],[-4124],[1438],[-3994],[-589]],[[70545],[75557],[27144],[14074],[18862],[2635],[535],[1291]]]

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Natural increase by state and territory

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Births	98,905	77,221	61,734	19,490	33,539	5,753	3,659	5,521
Deaths	56,066	41,266	32,470	13,964	15,040	4,664	1,142	2,033
Natural increase	42,839	35,955	29,264	5,526	18,499	1,089	2,517	3,488

Net overseas migration by state and territory

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Overseas arrivals	185,125	164,027	90,006	26,792	47,928	5,692	4,936	8,974
Overseas departures	114,580	88,470	62,862	12,718	29,066	3,057	4,401	7,683
Net overseas migration	70,545	75,557	27,144	14,074	18,862	2,635	535	1,291

Net interstate migration by state and territory

	NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT
Interstate arrivals	95,315	87,879	106,628	24,603	32,018	14,041	13,942	21,675
Interstate departures	117,762	77,230	83,700	28,464	36,142	12,603	17,936	22,264
Net interstate migration	-22,447	10,649	22,928	-3,861	-4,124	1,438	-3,994	-589

Notes

Changes to this issue

Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2018-19 (cat. no. 3218.0) was released on the 25th March 2020. Table 4, Population, Major population regions, in this publication has been updated accordingly.

Migration, Australia, 2018-19 (cat. no. 3412.0) was released on the 28th April 2020. Table 8, Estimated resident population, Country of birth, in this publication has been updated accordingly.

COVID-19 and 2019/20 Australian bushfires

Statistics in this publication largely predate COVID-19.

To ensure the ongoing production of fit-for-purpose official population estimates through the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABS has been assessing the likely impact of changed traveller behaviour on preliminary Net Overseas Migration (NOM) estimates, a component of ERP. From this release, the ABS has introduced more frequent revisions to NOM to ensure the suite of demographic statistics continue to be of high quality, and reflect the most timely data available. Preliminary NOM estimates will be revised every quarter over four quarters, instead of once after four quarters, until it becomes final. These more frequent revisions will ensure the most timely and accurate data flows through to ERP.

It should be noted that the model that underpins the preliminary NOM estimates utilises all available overseas movements data, including some data for January through April 2020. As a result, some impacts from changed traveller behaviour may be observed in this release. For further information see the Information Paper: Improvements to estimation of net overseas migration (cat. no. 3412.0.55.004).

The Australian summer bushfires of 2019/20 had no observed impact on the statistics in this publication.

Data downloads - time series spreadsheets

Table 1. Population change, summary - Australia ('000)

Data files

Download xls [85 KB]

Table 2. Population change, components - States and territories (number)

Document content:

Population components prior to September 2016 will not sum to total population growth due to intercensal difference. Components for September 2016 onwards will sum to total population growth as the intercensal difference for this period will not be known until after the 2021 Census.

Intercensal difference is the difference between the preliminary ERP for 30 June in a Census year (carried forward from the previous Census base using births, deaths and migration data) and the final ERP for the same time point (based on the new Census). The intercensal difference by age and sex for each state and territory is spread evenly across the intercensal quarters. Thus intercensal difference acts as a balancing item that when combined with births, deaths and migration equals total population growth for that period.

For more information see Australian Demographic Statistics, Dec 2017 Feature Article: Final rebasing of Australia's population estimates using the 2016 Census.

Data files

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Table 4. Estimated resident population, states and territories (number)

Data files

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Table 16A. Interstate arrivals, states and territories (persons)

Data files

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Table 16B. Interstate departures, states and territories (persons)

Data files

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Table 51. Estimated resident population by single year of age, New South Wales

Data files

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Table 52. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Victoria

Data files

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Table 53. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Queensland

Data files

Download xls [325.5 KB]

Table 54. Estimated resident population by single year of age, South Australia

Data files

Download xls [325.5 KB]

Table 55. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Western Australia

Data files

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Table 56. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Tasmania

Data files

Download xls [325.5 KB]

Table 57. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Northern Territory

Data files

Download xls [325.5 KB]

Table 58. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Australian Capital Territory

Data files

Download xls [325.5 KB]

Table 59. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Australia

Data files

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All time series spreadsheets

Data files

Download zip [939.84 KB]

Data downloads - data cubes

Australian demographic statistics tables

Data files

Download xls [191 KB]

Population by age and sex tables

Data files

Download xls [151.5 KB]

Standard population for use in age-standardisation table

Data files

Download xls [40 KB]

All data cubes

Data files

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ABS.Stat datasets

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Quarterly Population Estimates (ERP), by State/Territory, Sex and Age
Interstate Migration by States and Territories of Arrival and Departure by Sex
Population Clock Component Data

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 3101.0.

Methodology

National, state and territory population methodology, December 2019

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APA

National, state and territory population

APA

Key statistics

National

Annual population change

Components of quarterly population change

Components of annual population change

Births and deaths

Births

Deaths

Overseas migration arrivals and departures

Overseas migration arrivals

Overseas migration departures

States and territories

Annual population change

Annual population change by state and territory

Components of annual population change

Natural increase by state and territory

Net overseas migration by state and territory

Net interstate migration by state and territory

Notes

Changes to this issue

COVID-19 and 2019/20 Australian bushfires

Data downloads - time series spreadsheets

Table 1. Population change, summary - Australia ('000)

Table 2. Population change, components - States and territories (number)

Table 4. Estimated resident population, states and territories (number)

Table 16A. Interstate arrivals, states and territories (persons)

Table 16B. Interstate departures, states and territories (persons)

Table 51. Estimated resident population by single year of age, New South Wales

Table 52. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Victoria

Table 53. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Queensland

Table 54. Estimated resident population by single year of age, South Australia

Table 55. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Western Australia

Table 56. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Tasmania

Table 57. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Northern Territory

Table 58. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Australian Capital Territory

Table 59. Estimated resident population by single year of age, Australia

All time series spreadsheets

Data downloads - data cubes

Australian demographic statistics tables

Population by age and sex tables

Standard population for use in age-standardisation table

All data cubes

ABS.Stat datasets

Previous catalogue number

Methodology

Articles

Australia's population grew by 1.4 per cent

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