Tourism Satellite Accounts: quarterly tourism labour statistics, Australia, experimental estimates

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Experimental estimates of quarterly tourism employment and jobs to help explain the impacts of COVID-19 on tourism activity.

Reference period

December 2021

Released

18/03/2022

View all releases

Key statistics

In December quarter 2021, there were 628,900 tourism jobs. This was:

75,100 (13.6%) more jobs than September quarter 2021
200 (0.0%) more jobs than December quarter 2020
1 in 23 (4.3%) filled jobs in the economy

Overview

Change in number and percentage of jobs, original series (a)
	Sep-20 to Dec-20	Dec-20 to Mar-21	Mar-21 to Jun-21	Jun-21 to Sep-21	Sep-21 to Dec-21	Dec-20 to Dec-21
Tourism	800	-5,900	-13,500	-55,500	75,100	200
	(0.1%)	(-0.9%)	(-2.2%)	(-9.1%)	(13.6%)	-
Whole economy	525,600	52,000	134,200	-402,100	653,300	437,400
	(3.9%)	(0.4%)	(0.9%)	(-2.8%)	(4.7%)	(3.1%)

(a) Change on preceding quarter, except for the last column which shows the change on corresponding quarter of the previous year

Filled jobs

All references to "jobs" are referring to "filled jobs" unless otherwise specified. For information on the various measures of jobs (filled job, Labour Account main job and Labour Account secondary job), please refer to the Glossary in Methodology.

Percentage change in tourism jobs, original series
	Quarterly change	Through the year
Dec-16	2.0	0.9
Mar-17	1.7	4.6
Jun-17	-0.8	3.6
Sep-17	4.3	7.4
Dec-17	3.3	8.7
Mar-18	-2.1	4.6
Jun-18	-0.8	4.6
Sep-18	2.2	2.5
Dec-18	1.3	0.6
Mar-19	-1.1	1.6
Jun-19	-0.8	1.6
Sep-19	3.9	3.3
Dec-19	4.1	6.1
Mar-20	-5.0	2.0
Jun-20	-12.2	-9.8
Sep-20	0.4	-12.8
Dec-20	0.1	-16.1
Mar-21	-0.9	-12.6
Jun-21	-2.2	-2.5
Sep-21	-9.1	-11.8
Dec-21	13.6	0.0

Percentage change in tourism jobs, original series

["","Quarterly change","Through the year"]

[["Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21"],[[2],[1.7],[-0.80000000000000004],[4.2999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[-2.1000000000000001],[-0.80000000000000004],[2.2000000000000002],[1.3],[-1.1000000000000001],[-0.80000000000000004],[3.8999999999999999],[4.0999999999999996],[-5],[-12.199999999999999],[0.40000000000000002],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.90000000000000002],[-2.2000000000000002],[-9.0999999999999996],[13.6]],[[0.90000000000000002],[4.5999999999999996],[3.6000000000000001],[7.4000000000000004],[8.6999999999999993],[4.5999999999999996],[4.5999999999999996],[2.5],[0.59999999999999998],[1.6000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[3.2999999999999998],[6.0999999999999996],[2],[-9.8000000000000007],[-12.800000000000001],[-16.100000000000001],[-12.6],[-2.5],[-11.800000000000001],[0]]]

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Percentage change in jobs by industry, original series
	Dec-20 to Dec-21	Sep-21 to Dec-21
Accommodation	16.7	14.3
Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services	6.6	17.3
Clubs, pubs, taverns and bars	6.6	17.1
Rail transport	5.0	10.5
Road transport and transport equipment rental	4.3	12.3
Air, water and other transport	19.8	11.5
Travel agency and information centre services	5.6	13.7
Cultural services	4.1	5.2
Casinos and other gambling services	5.6	11.8
Sports and recreation services	5.6	13.6
Retail trade	-6.2	7.8
Education and training	-98.5	0
All other industries	2.9	2.9

Percentage change in jobs by industry, original series

["","Dec-20 to Dec-21","Sep-21 to Dec-21"]

[["Accommodation","Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services ","Clubs, pubs, taverns and bars","Rail transport","Road transport and transport equipment rental","Air, water and other transport ","Travel agency and information centre services","Cultural services","Casinos and other gambling services","Sports and recreation services","Retail trade","Education and training","All other industries"],[[16.699999999999999],[6.5999999999999996],[6.5999999999999996],[5],[4.2999999999999998],[19.800000000000001],[5.5999999999999996],[4.0999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[5.5999999999999996],[-6.2000000000000002],[-98.5],[2.8999999999999999]],[[14.300000000000001],[17.300000000000001],[17.100000000000001],[10.5],[12.300000000000001],[11.5],[13.699999999999999],[5.2000000000000002],[11.800000000000001],[13.6],[7.7999999999999998],[0],[2.8999999999999999]]]

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Key COVID-19 dates

2020

January-March: Bushfires heavily impacted various regions across Australia. States of emergency were declared across New South Wales, Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory
20 March: Australia's international borders closed to all non-citizens and non-residents
21 March: Domestic travel restrictions began. Tasmania first state to require people entering to self-isolate for 14 days from arrival
22 March: Prime Minister announced Stage 2 lock down changes, which were progressively implemented
30 March: Prime Minister announced JobKeeper program
First week of May: JobKeeper payment from ATO commenced
Mid-May: Initial progressive easing of social distancing and trading restrictions commenced
July-August: Progressive stage 3 and 4 restrictions commenced for different parts of Victoria
July-September: State border restrictions frequently reviewed and progressively updated (tightened/relaxed)
28 September: JobKeeper extension (with modified eligibility test) commenced
October: Restrictions in Victoria progressively eased
16 October: Travellers from New Zealand allowed to fly into Australia as part of the one-way quarantine-free travel bubble agreement.
November-December: Alternation between re-impositions and easing of restrictions for various local government areas affected by local outbreaks in South Australia and New South Wales, and closing and reopening of various State and Territory borders

2021

January-March: Alternation between re-impositions and easing of restrictions for various local government areas affected by local outbreaks in New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland and Victoria, and closing and reopening of various State and Territory borders. Continuation of the one-way quarantine-free travel bubble for travellers flying into Australia from New Zealand. Some temporary suspensions were put in place during the quarter due to localised COVID-19 outbreaks
11 March: Prime Minister announced the $1.2 billion Tourism Aviation Network Support package
28 March: JobKeeper program ended
19 April: 2-way Australia/New Zealand travel bubble commenced
From late April: State border and COVID-19 restrictions were frequently reviewed and updated to contain COVID-19 outbreaks in New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland, South Australia, Northern Territory and Victoria
Late May-June: Temporary disruption to quarantine-free travel between New Zealand and Australia
23 July: The New Zealand and Australian travel bubble was suspended
July-September: COVID-19 Delta strain outbreaks in New South Wales, Victoria and the Australian Capital Territory resulted in state/territory lockdowns for most of the September quarter 2021. Other jurisdictions closed interstate borders to these affected areas
Victoria, Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales Greater Sydney lockdown ended mid October 2021
Majority of state borders opened to fully vaccinated travellers in the December quarter 2021
Australia opened international borders on 1 November 2021 for fully vaccinated overseas travellers with no quarantine requirement for some states

Tourism industry

Change in number and percentage of jobs by industry, original series (a)
	Sep-20 to Dec-20	Dec-20 to Mar-21	Mar-21 to Jun-21	Jun-21 to Sep-21	Sep-21 to Dec-21	Dec-20 to Dec-21
Accommodation	3,300	-	10,100	-8,400	11,800	13,500
	(4.3%)	-	(12.5%)	(-9.2%)	(14.3%)	(16.7%)
Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services	7,400	12,700	-3,300	-29,100	33,800	14,100
	(3.6%)	(5.9%)	(-1.4%)	(-13.0%)	(17.3%)	(6.6%)
Clubs, pubs, taverns and bars	1,800	2,100	-1,600	-5,400	8,500	3,600
	(3.4%)	(3.8%)	(-2.8%)	(-9.8%)	(17.1%)	(6.6%)
Rail transport	100	-	-	-100	200	100
	(5.3%)	-	-	(-5.0%)	(10.5%)	(5.0%)
Road transport and transport equipment rental	200	100	-	-600	800	300
	(2.9%)	(1.4%)	-	(-8.5%)	(12.3%)	(4.3%)
Air, water and other transport	700	4,500	200	-3,200	2,500	4,000
	(3.6%)	(22.3%)	(0.8%)	(-12.9%)	(11.5%)	(19.8%)
Travel agency and information centre services	900	600	100	-3,100	4,300	1,900
	(2.7%)	(1.8%)	(0.3%)	(-9.0%)	(13.7%)	(5.6%)
Cultural services	200	800	-800	-100	500	400
	(2.1%)	(8.2%)	(-7.5%)	(-1.0%)	(5.2%)	(4.1%)
Casinos and other gambling services	200	-	100	-300	400	200
	(5.9%)	-	(2.8%)	(-8.1%)	(11.8%)	(5.6%)
Sports and recreation services	800	600	100	-2,800	3,800	1,700
	(2.7%)	(2.0%)	(0.3%)	(-9.1%)	(13.6%)	(5.6%)
Retail trade	-900	-10,200	-2,900	-1,700	7,700	-7,100
	(-0.8%)	(-8.9%)	(-2.8%)	(-1.7%)	(7.8%)	(-6.2%)
Education and training	-14,700	-17,300	-15,800	-100	-	-33,200
	(-30.4%)	(-51.3%)	(-96.3%)	(-16.7%)	-	(-98.5%)
All other industries	900	200	200	-400	700	700
	(3.9%)	(0.8%)	(0.8%)	(-1.6%)	(2.9%)	(2.9%)
Tourism total (b)	800	-5,900	-13,500	-55,500	75,100	200
	(0.1%)	(-0.9%)	(-2.2%)	(-9.1%)	(13.6%)	-

(a) Change on preceding quarter, except for the last column which shows the change on corresponding quarter of the previous year
(b) Totals may not add due to rounding
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)

During this quarter, industries with the largest quarterly change in number of jobs were:

cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services: 33,800 jobs (17.3%)
accommodation: 11,800 jobs (14.3%)
clubs, pubs, taverns and bars: 8,500 jobs (17.1%)
retail trade: 7,700 jobs (7.8%)

Comparing December quarter 2020 with 2021, industries with the largest change in number of jobs were:

cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services: 14,100 jobs (6.6%)
accommodation: 13,500 (16.7%)
air, water and other transport: 4,000 (19.8%)
education and training: -33,200 (-98.5%)

Jobs ('000) by industry in December quarter 2020 and 2021, original series
	Dec-20	Dec-21
Accommodation	80.9	94.4
Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services	215.1	229.2
Clubs, pubs, taverns and bars	54.6	58.2
Rail transport	2.0	2.1
Road transport and transport equipment rental	7.0	7.3
Air, water and other transport	20.2	24.2
Travel agency and information centre services	33.8	35.7
Cultural services	9.8	10.2
Casinos and other gambling services	3.6	3.8
Sports and recreation services	30.1	31.8
Retail trade	114.0	106.9
Education and training	33.7	0.5
All other industries	23.9	24.6

Jobs ('000) by industry in December quarter 2020 and 2021, original series

["","Dec-20","Dec-21"]

[["Accommodation","Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services","Clubs, pubs, taverns and bars","Rail transport","Road transport and transport equipment rental","Air, water and other transport","Travel agency and information centre services","Cultural services","Casinos and other gambling services","Sports and recreation services","Retail trade","Education and training","All other industries"],[[80.900000000000006],[215.09999999999999],[54.600000000000001],[2],[7],[20.199999999999999],[33.799999999999997],[9.8000000000000007],[3.6000000000000001],[30.100000000000001],[114],[33.700000000000003],[23.899999999999999]],[[94.400000000000006],[229.19999999999999],[58.200000000000003],[2.1000000000000001],[7.2999999999999998],[24.199999999999999],[35.700000000000003],[10.199999999999999],[3.7999999999999998],[31.800000000000001],[106.90000000000001],[0.5],[24.600000000000001]]]

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Employment status

Change in number and percentage of jobs by employment status, original series (a)
	Sep-20 to Dec-20	Dec-20 to Mar-21	Mar-21 to Jun-21	Jun-21 to Sep-21	Sep-21 to Dec-21	Dec-20 to Dec-21
Full-time	-4,100	6,900	-15,600	-25,700	47,100	12,700
	(-1.4%)	(2.3%)	(-5.2%)	(-9.0%)	(18.1%)	(4.3%)
Part-time	4,900	-12,900	2,200	-29,800	28,000	-12,500
	(1.5%)	(-3.9%)	(0.7%)	(-9.2%)	(9.5%)	(-3.7%)

(a) Change on preceding quarter, except for the last column which shows the change on corresponding quarter of the previous year

During this quarter:

full-time increased 18.1% while part-time jobs increased 9.5%

Between December quarter 2020 and 2021:

full-time jobs increased 4.3% while part-time jobs decreased 3.7%

Tourism jobs ('000) by employment status
	Full-time	Part-time
Dec-16	327.7	318.7
Mar-17	332.5	324.9
Jun-17	331.7	320.8
Sep-17	344.6	335.6
Dec-17	352.7	349.7
Mar-18	356.4	331.2
Jun-18	336.6	345.7
Sep-18	347.1	350.0
Dec-18	356.5	350.0
Mar-19	357.5	340.9
Jun-19	340.1	352.9
Sep-19	356.9	363.2
Dec-19	376.0	373.3
Mar-20	359.4	353.0
Jun-20	333.7	291.6
Sep-20	298.4	329.5
Dec-20	294.3	334.4
Mar-21	301.2	321.5
Jun-21	285.6	323.7
Sep-21	259.9	293.9
Dec-21	307.0	321.9

Tourism jobs ('000) by employment status

["","Full-time","Part-time"]

[["Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21"],[[327.69999999999999],[332.5],[331.69999999999999],[344.60000000000002],[352.69999999999999],[356.39999999999998],[336.60000000000002],[347.10000000000002],[356.5],[357.5],[340.10000000000002],[356.89999999999998],[376],[359.39999999999998],[333.69999999999999],[298.39999999999998],[294.30000000000001],[301.19999999999999],[285.60000000000002],[259.89999999999998],[307]],[[318.69999999999999],[324.89999999999998],[320.80000000000001],[335.60000000000002],[349.69999999999999],[331.19999999999999],[345.69999999999999],[350],[350],[340.89999999999998],[352.89999999999998],[363.19999999999999],[373.30000000000001],[353],[291.60000000000002],[329.5],[334.39999999999998],[321.5],[323.69999999999999],[293.89999999999998],[321.89999999999998]]]

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Sex

Change in number and percentage of jobs by sex, original series (a)
	Sep-20 to Dec-20	Dec-20 to Mar-21	Mar-21 to Jun-21	Jun-21 to Sep-21	Sep-21 to Dec-21	Dec-20 to Dec-21
Male	4,500	3,800	-13,200	-17,900	25,800	-1,500
	(1.6%)	(1.3%)	(-4.5%)	(-6.4%)	(9.8%)	(-0.5%)
Female	-3,800	-9,800	-300	-37,500	49,400	1,800
	(-1.1%)	(-2.9%)	(-0.1%)	(-11.4%)	(17.0%)	(0.5%)

(a) Change on preceding quarter, except for the last column which shows the change on corresponding quarter of the previous year

During this quarter:

jobs worked by females increased 17.0% while jobs worked by males increased 9.8%

From December quarter 2020 to 2021:

jobs worked by females increased 0.5% while jobs worked by males decreased 0.5%

Tourism jobs ('000) by sex
	Male	Female
Dec-16	289.3	357.1
Mar-17	293.3	364.2
Jun-17	288.3	364.1
Sep-17	297.8	382.4
Dec-17	305.2	397.3
Mar-18	297.2	390.5
Jun-18	302.0	380.4
Sep-18	314.1	383.0
Dec-18	314.1	392.4
Mar-19	311.3	387.1
Jun-19	307.5	385.5
Sep-19	314.0	406.2
Dec-19	325.5	423.8
Mar-20	311.6	400.7
Jun-20	284.6	340.6
Sep-20	286.1	341.9
Dec-20	290.6	338.1
Mar-21	294.4	328.3
Jun-21	281.2	328.0
Sep-21	263.3	290.5
Dec-21	289.1	339.9

Tourism jobs ('000) by sex

["","Male","Female"]

[["Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21"],[[289.30000000000001],[293.30000000000001],[288.30000000000001],[297.80000000000001],[305.19999999999999],[297.19999999999999],[302],[314.10000000000002],[314.10000000000002],[311.30000000000001],[307.5],[314],[325.5],[311.60000000000002],[284.60000000000002],[286.10000000000002],[290.60000000000002],[294.39999999999998],[281.19999999999999],[263.30000000000001],[289.10000000000002]],[[357.10000000000002],[364.19999999999999],[364.10000000000002],[382.39999999999998],[397.30000000000001],[390.5],[380.39999999999998],[383],[392.39999999999998],[387.10000000000002],[385.5],[406.19999999999999],[423.80000000000001],[400.69999999999999],[340.60000000000002],[341.89999999999998],[338.10000000000002],[328.30000000000001],[328],[290.5],[339.89999999999998]]]

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Sex by employment status

Change in number and percentage of jobs by sex by employment status, original series
	Male		Female
	Full-time	Part-time	Full-time	Part-time
Sep-21 to Dec-21	15,900	9,900	31,100	18,200
	(12.5%)	(7.2%)	(23.3%)	(11.6%)
Dec-20 to Dec-21	4,700	-6,200	8,000	-6,300
	(3.4%)	(-4.1%)	(5.1%)	(-3.5%)

During this quarter:

jobs worked by females increased more than males for both full-time and part-time with full-time jobs worked by females increasing the most

From December quarter 2020 to 2021:

full-time jobs worked by females had the largest positive yearly change while part-time jobs decreased for both males and females

Measuring the impacts of COVID-19 on tourism activity

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have an impact on the Australian tourism sector. This section looks at how tourism has been impacted over the period by comparing estimates of tourism jobs at the end of December 2019 with those in the current quarter. The key points are:

Tourism jobs peaked at 749,400 in December 2019, and in December quarter 2021 is now at its highest level (628,900) since the pandemic started
This represents 16.1% (-120,500) less tourism jobs, compared to 2.0% (290,400) more jobs in the whole economy as at the end of this quarter

Tourism jobs ('000), original series
	Total
Dec-16	646.4
Mar-17	657.5
Jun-17	652.4
Sep-17	680.2
Dec-17	702.4
Mar-18	687.6
Jun-18	682.3
Sep-18	697.1
Dec-18	706.5
Mar-19	698.4
Jun-19	693.0
Sep-19	720.1
Dec-19	749.4
Mar-20	712.3
Jun-20	625.2
Sep-20	627.9
Dec-20	628.7
Mar-21	622.8
Jun-21	609.3
Sep-21	553.8
Dec-21	628.9

Tourism jobs ('000), original series

["","Total"]

[["Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21"],[[646.39999999999998],[657.5],[652.39999999999998],[680.20000000000005],[702.39999999999998],[687.60000000000002],[682.29999999999995],[697.10000000000002],[706.5],[698.39999999999998],[693],[720.10000000000002],[749.39999999999998],[712.29999999999995],[625.20000000000005],[627.89999999999998],[628.70000000000005],[622.79999999999995],[609.29999999999995],[553.79999999999995],[628.89999999999998]]]

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Tourism jobs ('000) by industry pre-pandemic and December quarter 2021
	December 2019 (pre-pandemic)	Dec-21
Accommodation	100.9	94.4
Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services	233.8	229.2
Clubs, pubs, taverns and bars	59.4	58.2
Rail transport	2.0	2.1
Road transport and transport equipment rental	7.4	7.3
Air, water and other transport	34.8	24.2
Travel agency and information centre services	37.6	35.7
Cultural services	12.7	10.2
Casinos and other gambling services	4.0	3.8
Sports and recreation services	36.1	31.8
Retail trade	121.8	106.9
Education and training	75.0	0.5
All other industries	23.9	24.6
Total tourism filled jobs	749.4	628.9

Tourism jobs ('000) by industry pre-pandemic and December quarter 2021

["","December 2019 (pre-pandemic)","Dec-21"]

[["Accommodation","Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services ","Clubs, pubs, taverns and bars","Rail transport","Road transport and transport equipment rental","Air, water and other transport ","Travel agency and information centre services","Cultural services","Casinos and other gambling services","Sports and recreation services","Retail trade","Education and training","All other industries","Total tourism filled jobs"],[[100.90000000000001],[233.80000000000001],[59.399999999999999],[2],[7.4000000000000004],[34.799999999999997],[37.600000000000001],[12.699999999999999],[4],[36.100000000000001],[121.8],[75],[23.899999999999999],[749.39999999999998]],[[94.400000000000006],[229.19999999999999],[58.200000000000003],[2.1000000000000001],[7.2999999999999998],[24.199999999999999],[35.700000000000003],[10.199999999999999],[3.7999999999999998],[31.800000000000001],[106.90000000000001],[0.5],[24.600000000000001],[628.89999999999998]]]

[]

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Related release

Australian National Accounts: Tourism Satellite Account (previously used cat. no. 5249.0)

The 2020-21 issue of Australian National Accounts: Tourism Satellite Account was released on 10 December 2021. Users are reminded that the estimates in this quarterly release are based on a different data source and are not directly comparable to the estimates provided in the annual TSA publication. For more information on the strengths and differences between the two employment measures, please refer to the article published in March quarter 2020.

Feedback

This new TSA publication contains experimental estimates of quarterly tourism labour statistics. The ABS welcomes comments and suggestions from users regarding this release. If you are interested in contributing, please contact the Customer Assistance Service via the ABS website Contact Us page.

For inquiries about these and related statistics, contact the Customer Assistance Service via the ABS website Contact Us page. The ABS Privacy Policy outlines how the ABS will handle any personal information that you provide to us.

Data downloads

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Data cubes

Data files

Tourism filled jobs
Download xlsx [116.4 KB]
Tourism main jobs
Download xlsx [115.82 KB]
Tourism employed persons
Download xlsx [83.66 KB]

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Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 5249.0.55.005.

Methodology

Tourism Satellite Accounts: quarterly tourism labour statistics, Australia, experimental estimates methodology, December 2021

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APA

Citation

Tourism Satellite Accounts: quarterly tourism labour statistics, Australia, experimental estimates

APA

Citation

Key statistics

Overview

Filled jobs

Key COVID-19 dates

Tourism industry

Employment status

Sex

Sex by employment status

Measuring the impacts of COVID-19 on tourism activity

Related release

Australian National Accounts: Tourism Satellite Account (previously used cat. no. 5249.0)

Feedback

Data downloads

Data cubes

Tourism filled jobs

Tourism main jobs

Tourism employed persons

Create your own tables and visualisations

Previous catalogue number

Methodology

Do you need more detailed statistics?

Request data

Microdata and TableBuilder

Provide feedback