Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product

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Quarterly estimates of key economic flows in Australia, including gross domestic product (GDP), consumption, investment, income and saving

Reference period

March 2021

Released

2/06/2021

View all releases

Key statistics

The Australian economy rose 1.8% in seasonally adjusted chain volume measures
Through the year GDP rose 1.1%
The terms of trade rose 7.4%
Household saving ratio decreased to 11.6% from 12.2%

Articles

This quarter's National Accounts includes the following articles:

Economic overview

Unless otherwise stated all figures are in seasonally adjusted, chain volume measures.

The reference year for chain volume measures is 2018-19.

For more information about the changes in this issue, please see revisions and changes on this page.

March key figures, percentage changes (a)

		Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Mar 20 to Mar 21
		Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Mar 20 to Mar 21	Chain volume GDP and related measures (b)
	GDP	-0.3	-7.0	3.5	3.2	1.8	1.1
	GDP per capita (c)	-0.6	-7.1	3.5	3.1	1.7	0.8
	Gross value added market sector (d)	-0.7	-7.7	3.2	3.6	2.0	0.6
	Real net national disposable income	-0.3	-7.3	5.0	5.5	3.4	6.1
Productivity
	GDP per hour worked	0.6	2.8	-0.9	-0.3	0.8	2.5
	Real unit labour costs	-0.3	-9.0	-0.9	6.9	0.5	-3.2
Prices
	GDP chain price index (original)	1.0	-0.4	-0.1	1.6	3.1	4.3
	Terms of trade	-0.3	0.7	1.1	5.5	7.4	15.4
Current price measures
	GDP	0.1	-7.3	4.0	4.4	3.5	4.0
	Household saving ratio	7.9	22.0	18.6	12.2	11.6	na

a not available
a. Change on preceding quarter, except for the last column which shows the change between the current quarter and the corresponding quarter of the previous year. Excludes Household saving ratio.
b. Reference year for chain volume measures and real income measures is 2018-19.
c. Population estimates are as published in the National, state and territory population (cat. no. 3101.0) and ABS projections.
d. ANZSIC divisions A to N, R and S. See Glossary - Market sector.

Australian economy rose 1.8% in March quarter

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) rose 1.8% this quarter, reflecting the continued easing of COVID-19 restrictions and the recovery in the labour market. The level of economic activity is now 0.8% above December quarter 2019 pre-pandemic levels and has grown 1.1% in through the year terms.

Gross domestic product, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted
	Levels (RHS) ($m)	Quarterly growth (%)
Mar-13	422,058	0.3
Jun-13	423,893	0.4
Sep-13	427,322	0.8
Dec-13	430,859	0.8
Mar-14	433,761	0.7
Jun-14	436,106	0.5
Sep-14	438,243	0.5
Dec-14	439,843	0.4
Mar-15	443,517	0.8
Jun-15	444,335	0.2
Sep-15	449,060	1.1
Dec-15	451,631	0.6
Mar-16	455,437	0.8
Jun-16	458,738	0.7
Sep-16	459,304	0.1
Dec-16	463,916	1.0
Mar-17	465,107	0.3
Jun-17	468,291	0.7
Sep-17	473,082	1.0
Dec-17	475,316	0.5
Mar-18	479,387	0.9
Jun-18	483,592	0.9
Sep-18	485,830	0.5
Dec-18	486,585	0.2
Mar-19	488,549	0.4
Jun-19	491,716	0.6
Sep-19	495,109	0.7
Dec-19	497,013	0.4
Mar-20	495,564	-0.3
Jun-20	461,035	-7.0
Sep-20	476,976	3.5
Dec-20	492,269	3.2
Mar-21	501,065	1.8

Gross domestic product, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted

["","Levels (RHS)","Quarterly growth"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[422058],[423893],[427322],[430859],[433761],[436106],[438243],[439843],[443517],[444335],[449060],[451631],[455437],[458738],[459304],[463916],[465107],[468291],[473082],[475316],[479387],[483592],[485830],[486585],[488549],[491716],[495109],[497013],[495564],[461035],[476976],[492269],[501065]],[[0.29999999999999999],[0.40000000000000002],[0.80000000000000004],[0.80000000000000004],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[0.80000000000000004],[0.20000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[0.69999999999999996],[0.10000000000000001],[1],[0.29999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[1],[0.5],[0.90000000000000002],[0.90000000000000002],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[0.69999999999999996],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[-7],[3.5],[3.2000000000000002],[1.8]]]

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Strong growth in the terms of trade

The terms of trade rose 7.4% this quarter and is at its highest level since December quarter 2011. Stronger export prices, particularly for iron ore and LNG, drove the quarterly rise. The strength in the terms of trade contributed to a 3.5% increase in nominal GDP.

Quarterly growth in nominal GDP and terms of trade, seasonally adjusted
	Nominal GDP (%)	Terms of trade (%)
Mar-13	1.1	2.3
Jun-13	1.1	-0.4
Sep-13	1.0	-2.5
Dec-13	1.5	0.2
Mar-14	1.1	-0.5
Jun-14	-0.2	-4.8
Sep-14	0.0	-3.7
Dec-14	0.6	-2.1
Mar-15	0.9	-1.9
Jun-15	-0.3	-4.1
Sep-15	1.1	-2.7
Dec-15	0.1	-4.0
Mar-16	0.8	-1.0
Jun-16	1.2	2.5
Sep-16	1.2	3.8
Dec-16	3.3	11.1
Mar-17	2.0	5.7
Jun-17	-0.2	-5.7
Sep-17	1.2	-0.7
Dec-17	0.7	0.1
Mar-18	2.2	3.6
Jun-18	1.2	-1.0
Sep-18	1.1	0.2
Dec-18	1.2	2.7
Mar-19	1.7	3.7
Jun-19	1.7	1.9
Sep-19	1.1	0.2
Dec-19	-0.1	-4.2
Mar-20	0.1	-0.3
Jun-20	-7.3	0.7
Sep-20	4.0	1.1
Dec-20	4.4	5.5
Mar-21	3.5	7.4

Quarterly growth in nominal GDP and terms of trade, seasonally adjusted

["","Nominal GDP","Terms of trade"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[1.1000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1],[1.5],[1.1000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[0],[0.59999999999999998],[0.90000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004],[1.2],[1.2],[3.2999999999999998],[2],[-0.20000000000000001],[1.2],[0.69999999999999996],[2.2000000000000002],[1.2],[1.1000000000000001],[1.2],[1.7],[1.7],[1.1000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[-7.2999999999999998],[4],[4.4000000000000004],[3.5]],[[2.2999999999999998],[-0.40000000000000002],[-2.5],[0.20000000000000001],[-0.5],[-4.7999999999999998],[-3.7000000000000002],[-2.1000000000000001],[-1.8999999999999999],[-4.0999999999999996],[-2.7000000000000002],[-4],[-1],[2.5],[3.7999999999999998],[11.1],[5.7000000000000002],[-5.7000000000000002],[-0.69999999999999996],[0.10000000000000001],[3.6000000000000001],[-1],[0.20000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[3.7000000000000002],[1.8999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[-4.2000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[1.1000000000000001],[5.5],[7.4000000000000004]]]

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Private demand drives growth

Domestic final demand contributed 1.6 percentage points to GDP growth. Private investment contributed 0.9 percentage points and household final consumption expenditure contributed 0.7 percentage points.

Contributions to quarterly growth in GDP, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted
	Domestic final demand (ppt)	Public demand (ppt)	Private demand (ppt)
Mar-13	0.0	-0.7	0.7
Jun-13	-0.3	-1.3	1.0
Sep-13	1.0	1.1	-0.2
Dec-13	0.3	0.4	-0.2
Mar-14	0.1	-0.5	0.5
Jun-14	-0.1	-0.5	0.4
Sep-14	0.3	0.5	-0.3
Dec-14	0.2	-0.1	0.3
Mar-15	0.5	0.3	0.2
Jun-15	0.2	0.4	-0.2
Sep-15	0.2	-0.1	0.3
Dec-15	0.2	0.3	-0.1
Mar-16	0.9	0.6	0.3
Jun-16	0.3	0.6	-0.2
Sep-16	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dec-16	1.1	0.5	0.6
Mar-17	0.6	0.3	0.4
Jun-17	0.8	0.6	0.2
Sep-17	1.2	-0.4	1.5
Dec-17	0.8	0.6	0.2
Mar-18	0.9	0.2	0.6
Jun-18	0.3	0.0	0.3
Sep-18	0.4	0.4	0.0
Dec-18	0.0	0.3	-0.2
Mar-19	0.2	0.2	0.0
Jun-19	0.5	0.6	-0.1
Sep-19	0.4	0.2	0.2
Dec-19	0.3	0.3	0.0
Mar-20	-0.6	0.3	-0.8
Jun-20	-7.3	0.6	-7.6
Sep-20	4.6	0.3	4.1
Dec-20	3.4	0.3	3.0
Mar-21	1.6	0.0	1.6

Contributions to quarterly growth in GDP, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted

["","Domestic final demand","Public demand","Private demand"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[0],[-0.29999999999999999],[1],[0.29999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[1.2],[0.80000000000000004],[0.90000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[0.40000000000000002],[0],[0.20000000000000001],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.59999999999999998],[-7.2999999999999998],[4.5999999999999996],[3.3999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001]],[[-0.69999999999999996],[-1.3],[1.1000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.5],[-0.5],[0.5],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.10000000000000001],[0.5],[0.29999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[-0.40000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[0.20000000000000001],[0],[0.40000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[0]],[[0.69999999999999996],[1],[-0.20000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.20000000000000001],[0],[0.59999999999999998],[0.40000000000000002],[0.20000000000000001],[1.5],[0.20000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.29999999999999999],[0],[-0.20000000000000001],[0],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0],[-0.80000000000000004],[-7.5999999999999996],[4.0999999999999996],[3],[1.6000000000000001]]]

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Private investment records strongest rise since September quarter 2017

Private investment rose 5.3% in March quarter to be 3.6% higher through the year, the first through the year rise since June quarter 2018. Both business and housing investment increased, supported by government initiatives and improved confidence.

Business investment was driven by a 11.6% rise in machinery and equipment, the strongest increase since December quarter 2009. Dwelling investment rose 6.4% with increased construction activity on renovations and detached housing, coinciding with the federal government’s HomeBuilder scheme.

Contributions to quarterly growth in private investment, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted
	Private investment (ppt)	New and used dwellings (ppt)	Alterations and additions (ppt)	Ownership transfer costs (ppt)	Business investment (ppt)
Mar-20	-0.4	-0.5	0.3	0.0	-0.3
Jun-20	-5.7	-0.8	-0.5	-1.5	-3.0
Sep-20	0.6	-0.3	0.8	1.5	-1.4
Dec-20	3.8	0.8	0.5	1.3	1.2
Mar-21	5.3	0.7	1.3	1.0	2.4

Contributions to quarterly growth in private investment, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted

["","Private investment","New and used dwellings","Alterations and additions","Ownership transfer costs","Business investment"]

[["Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[-0.40000000000000002],[-5.7000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[3.7999999999999998],[5.2999999999999998]],[[-0.5],[-0.80000000000000004],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.80000000000000004],[0.69999999999999996]],[[0.29999999999999999],[-0.5],[0.80000000000000004],[0.5],[1.3]],[[0],[-1.5],[1.5],[1.3],[1]],[[-0.29999999999999999],[-3],[-1.3999999999999999],[1.2],[2.3999999999999999]]]

[]

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Household spending on services continues to recover

Household expenditure rose 1.2% this quarter, but remained 1.5% below December quarter 2019 pre-pandemic levels.

Spending on services (+2.4%) drove the quarterly rise. Hotels, cafes and restaurants, recreation and culture and transport services continued to rebound as movement and trading restrictions eased. Spending on services remains down on pre-pandemic levels, particularly those impacted by the closure of international borders.

Spending on goods declined 0.5% this quarter, but remained at elevated levels. Expenditure on both food (-1.4%) and alcoholic beverages (-3.9%) fell, reflecting a shift towards dining out as restrictions eased.

Household final consumption expenditure, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted
	Levels (RHS) ($m)	Quarterly growth (%)
Mar-13	234,746	0.6
Jun-13	235,394	0.3
Sep-13	237,781	1.0
Dec-13	239,203	0.6
Mar-14	240,586	0.6
Jun-14	241,751	0.5
Sep-14	243,553	0.7
Dec-14	244,852	0.5
Mar-15	245,954	0.5
Jun-15	247,472	0.6
Sep-15	249,867	1.0
Dec-15	251,070	0.5
Mar-16	253,366	0.9
Jun-16	254,417	0.4
Sep-16	255,625	0.5
Dec-16	257,317	0.7
Mar-17	258,342	0.4
Jun-17	260,274	0.7
Sep-17	262,324	0.8
Dec-17	264,684	0.9
Mar-18	265,882	0.5
Jun-18	267,935	0.8
Sep-18	268,679	0.3
Dec-18	269,297	0.2
Mar-19	270,269	0.4
Jun-19	271,258	0.4
Sep-19	271,285	0.0
Dec-19	272,204	0.3
Mar-20	268,346	-1.4
Jun-20	235,368	-12.3
Sep-20	253,686	7.8
Dec-20	265,044	4.5
Mar-21	268,245	1.2

Household final consumption expenditure, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted

["","Levels (RHS)","Quarterly growth"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[234746],[235394],[237781],[239203],[240586],[241751],[243553],[244852],[245954],[247472],[249867],[251070],[253366],[254417],[255625],[257317],[258342],[260274],[262324],[264684],[265882],[267935],[268679],[269297],[270269],[271258],[271285],[272204],[268346],[235368],[253686],[265044],[268245]],[[0.59999999999999998],[0.29999999999999999],[1],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[0.5],[0.59999999999999998],[1],[0.5],[0.90000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.40000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.80000000000000004],[0.90000000000000002],[0.5],[0.80000000000000004],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0],[0.29999999999999999],[-1.3999999999999999],[-12.300000000000001],[7.7999999999999998],[4.5],[1.2]]]

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Goods and services consumption expenditure through the year, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted
	Goods consumption (%)	Services consumption (%)
Mar-13	2.4	0.8
Jun-13	1.0	1.5
Sep-13	2.3	1.9
Dec-13	3.4	2.0
Mar-14	2.6	2.4
Jun-14	2.2	3.0
Sep-14	1.8	2.8
Dec-14	1.6	2.8
Mar-15	1.6	2.6
Jun-15	2.1	2.5
Sep-15	2.8	2.5
Dec-15	3.2	2.1
Mar-16	3.5	2.7
Jun-16	2.7	2.8
Sep-16	1.2	3.0
Dec-16	1.2	3.3
Mar-17	1.2	2.4
Jun-17	2.7	2.1
Sep-17	3.6	2.1
Dec-17	3.3	2.6
Mar-18	4.0	2.3
Jun-18	3.1	2.8
Sep-18	2.7	2.3
Dec-18	2.1	1.5
Mar-19	1.0	2.0
Jun-19	0.5	1.7
Sep-19	0.3	1.3
Dec-19	0.6	1.3
Mar-20	1.6	-2.0
Jun-20	-1.9	-19.7
Sep-20	3.4	-12.1
Dec-20	5.9	-7.5
Mar-21	4.3	-2.6

Goods and services consumption expenditure through the year, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted

["","Goods consumption","Services consumption"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[2.3999999999999999],[1],[2.2999999999999998],[3.3999999999999999],[2.6000000000000001],[2.2000000000000002],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[3.2000000000000002],[3.5],[2.7000000000000002],[1.2],[1.2],[1.2],[2.7000000000000002],[3.6000000000000001],[3.2999999999999998],[4],[3.1000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[2.1000000000000001],[1],[0.5],[0.29999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[1.6000000000000001],[-1.8999999999999999],[3.3999999999999999],[5.9000000000000004],[4.2999999999999998]],[[0.80000000000000004],[1.5],[1.8999999999999999],[2],[2.3999999999999999],[3],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[2.6000000000000001],[2.5],[2.5],[2.1000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[2.7999999999999998],[3],[3.2999999999999998],[2.3999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[2.2999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[2.2999999999999998],[1.5],[2],[1.7],[1.3],[1.3],[-2],[-19.699999999999999],[-12.1],[-7.5],[-2.6000000000000001]]]

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Household saving ratio remains elevated

The household saving to income ratio declined from 12.2% to 11.6% and remained at elevated levels. Saving fell as growth in household consumption outpaced the rise in gross disposable income.

Gross disposable income rose 1.0% in the quarter. Compensation of employees rose 1.5%, reflecting increases in employment and hours worked as economic activity continued to recover. This was partly offset by a decline in benefit payments as additional COVID-19 support wound back.

Household saving ratio, seasonally adjusted
	Household saving ratio (%)
Mar-13	8.1
Jun-13	7.9
Sep-13	7.3
Dec-13	7.9
Mar-14	7.9
Jun-14	8.4
Sep-14	8.2
Dec-14	8.3
Mar-15	7.6
Jun-15	7.9
Sep-15	7.1
Dec-15	5.7
Mar-16	5.6
Jun-16	5.9
Sep-16	5.7
Dec-16	5.1
Mar-17	5.5
Jun-17	4.6
Sep-17	4.3
Dec-17	4.7
Mar-18	4.4
Jun-18	3.9
Sep-18	3.5
Dec-18	4.0
Mar-19	4.4
Jun-19	3.7
Sep-19	6.1
Dec-19	5.4
Mar-20	7.9
Jun-20	22.0
Sep-20	18.6
Dec-20	12.2
Mar-21	11.6

Household saving ratio, seasonally adjusted

["","Household saving ratio"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[8.0999999999999996],[7.9000000000000004],[7.2999999999999998],[7.9000000000000004],[7.9000000000000004],[8.4000000000000004],[8.1999999999999993],[8.3000000000000007],[7.5999999999999996],[7.9000000000000004],[7.0999999999999996],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[5.9000000000000004],[5.7000000000000002],[5.0999999999999996],[5.5],[4.5999999999999996],[4.2999999999999998],[4.7000000000000002],[4.4000000000000004],[3.8999999999999999],[3.5],[4],[4.4000000000000004],[3.7000000000000002],[6.0999999999999996],[5.4000000000000004],[7.9000000000000004],[22],[18.600000000000001],[12.199999999999999],[11.6]]]

[]

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Contributions to quarterly growth in household disposable income, current prices, seasonally adjusted
	Gross disposable income (ppt)	Labour income (COE) (ppt)	Social assistance benefits (ppt)	Other non-labour income (ppt)	Income payable (ppt)
Mar-13	1.6	0.4	0.2	1.0	0.1
Jun-13	0.6	0.7	0.1	0.1	-0.3
Sep-13	1.2	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.0
Dec-13	1.9	1.0	0.3	0.9	-0.3
Mar-14	1.1	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.0
Jun-14	1.5	0.6	0.3	0.9	-0.2
Sep-14	0.8	0.5	-0.1	1.0	-0.6
Dec-14	1.1	0.3	0.1	1.0	-0.3
Mar-15	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.3	-0.3
Jun-15	1.4	0.7	-0.1	0.9	0.0
Sep-15	0.5	0.7	0.3	-0.3	-0.1
Dec-15	-0.4	0.6	-0.3	-0.3	-0.4
Mar-16	0.8	0.7	0.2	-0.1	-0.1
Jun-16	1.0	0.2	0.0	1.1	-0.3
Sep-16	0.5	0.7	0.0	-0.2	0.1
Dec-16	0.4	-0.2	-0.2	0.9	-0.1
Mar-17	1.1	0.7	-0.2	1.4	-0.8
Jun-17	0.3	0.9	0.1	-0.7	0.0
Sep-17	0.8	0.9	0.1	0.4	-0.7
Dec-17	1.8	1.1	0.1	0.6	0.0
Mar-18	0.7	0.8	-0.1	0.5	-0.5
Jun-18	0.5	0.7	-0.1	0.6	-0.6
Sep-18	0.3	1.0	0.0	-0.1	-0.7
Dec-18	1.2	0.8	0.1	0.6	-0.3
Mar-19	1.0	1.0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Jun-19	0.2	1.0	0.2	-0.4	-0.6
Sep-19	2.8	0.8	0.0	0.4	1.6
Dec-19	0.0	0.7	0.0	0.5	-1.2
Mar-20	1.7	0.5	0.5	0.8	-0.2
Jun-20	2.8	-1.5	4.6	-1.6	1.3
Sep-20	3.2	1.6	-0.3	2.6	-0.8
Dec-20	-2.7	1.0	-1.8	-2.2	0.3
Mar-21	1.0	1.1	-0.8	0.5	0.2

Contributions to quarterly growth in household disposable income, current prices, seasonally adjusted

["","Gross disposable income","Labour income (COE)","Social assistance benefits","Other non-labour income","Income payable"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[1.6000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[1.2],[1.8999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[1.5],[0.80000000000000004],[1.1000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[0.5],[-0.40000000000000002],[0.80000000000000004],[1],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.80000000000000004],[1.8],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[0.29999999999999999],[1.2],[1],[0.20000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[0],[1.7],[2.7999999999999998],[3.2000000000000002],[-2.7000000000000002],[1]],[[0.40000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[1],[0.5],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[0.69999999999999996],[0.59999999999999998],[0.69999999999999996],[0.20000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[0.90000000000000002],[0.90000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004],[0.69999999999999996],[1],[0.80000000000000004],[1],[1],[0.80000000000000004],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[-1.5],[1.6000000000000001],[1],[1.1000000000000001]],[[0.20000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[0],[0],[-0.20000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[0],[0.10000000000000001],[0],[0.20000000000000001],[0],[0],[0.5],[4.5999999999999996],[-0.29999999999999999],[-1.8],[-0.80000000000000004]],[[1],[0.10000000000000001],[0.5],[0.90000000000000002],[0.5],[0.90000000000000002],[1],[1],[0.29999999999999999],[0.90000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.10000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[1.3999999999999999],[-0.69999999999999996],[0.40000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.59999999999999998],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[0.80000000000000004],[-1.6000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[-2.2000000000000002],[0.5]],[[0.10000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[0],[-0.29999999999999999],[0],[-0.20000000000000001],[-0.59999999999999998],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.29999999999999999],[0],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.40000000000000002],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.80000000000000004],[0],[-0.69999999999999996],[0],[-0.5],[-0.59999999999999998],[-0.69999999999999996],[-0.29999999999999999],[0],[-0.59999999999999998],[1.6000000000000001],[-1.2],[-0.20000000000000001],[1.3],[-0.80000000000000004],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001]]]

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Increased demand drives gross value added (GVA)

Easing restrictions and increased confidence drove a 1.5% rise in GVA this quarter, with increases in 15 out of the 19 industries. Government incentives on residential building contributed to a 4.4% rise in Construction. Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services rose 5.3% driven by confidence in the housing market and low interest rates.

Transport, Postal and Warehousing, Accommodation and Food Services and Arts and Recreation Services, industries heavily impacted by the pandemic, continued to rebound this quarter as restrictions eased. Despite this, the activity in all three industries remains below pre-pandemic levels.

Gross value added, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted
	Quarterly growth (%)
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing	2.9
Mining	0.7
Manufacturing	3.0
Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services	-0.9
Construction	4.4
Wholesale Trade	2.9
Retail Trade	-1.0
Accommodation and Food Services	5.2
Transport, Postal and Warehousing	5.0
Information Media and Telecommunications	-1.9
Financial and Insurance Services	0.2
Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services	5.3
Professional, Scientific and Technical Services	1.2
Administrative and Support Services	1.9
Public Administration and Safety	-0.7
Education and Training	0.3
Health Care and Social Assistance	1.2
Arts and Recreation Services	5.7
Other Services	5.8

Gross value added, chain volume measures, seasonally adjusted

["","Quarterly growth"]

[["Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing","Mining","Manufacturing","Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services","Construction","Wholesale Trade","Retail Trade","Accommodation and Food Services","Transport, Postal and Warehousing","Information Media and Telecommunications","Financial and Insurance Services","Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services","Professional, Scientific and Technical Services","Administrative and Support Services","Public Administration and Safety","Education and Training","Health Care and Social Assistance","Arts and Recreation Services","Other Services"],[[2.8999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[3],[-0.90000000000000002],[4.4000000000000004],[2.8999999999999999],[-1],[5.2000000000000002],[5],[-1.8999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[5.2999999999999998],[1.2],[1.8999999999999999],[-0.69999999999999996],[0.29999999999999999],[1.2],[5.7000000000000002],[5.7999999999999998]]]

[]

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Compensation of employees (COE) rises with underlying activity

COE rose 1.5% this quarter with a 2.4% rise in private COE, reflecting increased employment and hours worked. Public COE fell 1.6%, reflecting redundancies paid by universities in the previous quarter. Public COE remained 3.6% higher through the year.

Quarterly growth in COE, current prices, seasonally adjusted
	Private COE (%)	Public COE (%)	Total COE (%)
Mar-16	0.8	1.5	1.0
Jun-16	0.1	1.1	0.3
Sep-16	0.9	1.6	1.0
Dec-16	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2
Mar-17	0.7	2.1	1.0
Jun-17	1.4	0.9	1.3
Sep-17	1.5	0.7	1.3
Dec-17	1.3	2.2	1.5
Mar-18	1.1	1.3	1.2
Jun-18	1.1	0.5	0.9
Sep-18	1.4	1.6	1.4
Dec-18	1.1	1.2	1.1
Mar-19	1.4	1.4	1.4
Jun-19	1.2	2.0	1.4
Sep-19	1.2	0.8	1.1
Dec-19	1.0	0.8	1.0
Mar-20	0.3	1.3	0.5
Jun-20	-3.5	1.7	-2.3
Sep-20	2.6	1.5	2.3
Dec-20	1.3	2.0	1.5
Mar-21	2.4	-1.6	1.5

Quarterly growth in COE, current prices, seasonally adjusted

["","Private COE","Public COE","Total COE"]

[["Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[0.80000000000000004],[0.10000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[1.3999999999999999],[1.5],[1.3],[1.1000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1.3999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[1.3999999999999999],[1.2],[1.2],[1],[0.29999999999999999],[-3.5],[2.6000000000000001],[1.3],[2.3999999999999999]],[[1.5],[1.1000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[2.2000000000000002],[1.3],[0.5],[1.6000000000000001],[1.2],[1.3999999999999999],[2],[0.80000000000000004],[0.80000000000000004],[1.3],[1.7],[1.5],[2],[-1.6000000000000001]],[[1],[0.29999999999999999],[1],[-0.20000000000000001],[1],[1.3],[1.3],[1.5],[1.2],[0.90000000000000002],[1.3999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[1],[0.5],[-2.2999999999999998],[2.2999999999999998],[1.5],[1.5]]]

[]

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Operating surplus declines following reductions in government support for business

Gross operating surplus plus gross mixed income (GOSMI) fell 1.2%, driven by non-mining industries as support payments from government declined.

Mining operating surplus partly offset the fall, rising 10.2%, reflecting strong iron ore and LNG prices.

Mining and non-mining contributions to quarterly growth in GOSMI, current prices, seasonally adjusted
	Mining (ppt)	Non-mining (ppt)	Total GOS + GMI (ppt)
Mar-13	0.7	0.1	0.8
Jun-13	1.3	0.6	1.8
Sep-13	1.0	-0.7	0.3
Dec-13	0.6	1.8	2.4
Mar-14	0.1	0.1	0.2
Jun-14	-1.3	1.0	-0.3
Sep-14	-1.8	0.8	-1.0
Dec-14	-0.8	1.9	1.1
Mar-15	-0.7	0.6	-0.1
Jun-15	-0.7	0.4	-0.3
Sep-15	0.1	0.5	0.6
Dec-15	-0.3	-0.6	-0.9
Mar-16	-1.0	-0.4	-1.4
Jun-16	1.0	1.9	2.8
Sep-16	1.6	0.8	2.4
Dec-16	4.6	3.5	8.1
Mar-17	1.6	1.5	3.0
Jun-17	-1.3	-0.5	-1.8
Sep-17	-0.1	0.7	0.6
Dec-17	0.7	-0.2	0.5
Mar-18	1.1	1.7	2.8
Jun-18	0.8	0.2	1.0
Sep-18	1.3	0.0	1.3
Dec-18	1.6	0.4	2.0
Mar-19	1.3	1.2	2.4
Jun-19	1.9	-0.3	1.5
Sep-19	0.0	1.1	1.1
Dec-19	-0.9	0.1	-0.8
Mar-20	-0.5	0.0	-0.5
Jun-20	0.0	12.2	12.2
Sep-20	-0.8	4.2	3.4
Dec-20	1.4	-7.3	-5.9
Mar-21	1.9	-3.1	-1.2

Mining and non-mining contributions to quarterly growth in GOSMI, current prices, seasonally adjusted

["","Mining","Non-mining","Total GOS + GMI"]

[["Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21"],[[0.69999999999999996],[1.3],[1],[0.59999999999999998],[0.10000000000000001],[-1.3],[-1.8],[-0.80000000000000004],[-0.69999999999999996],[-0.69999999999999996],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[-1],[1],[1.6000000000000001],[4.5999999999999996],[1.6000000000000001],[-1.3],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[1.1000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004],[1.3],[1.6000000000000001],[1.3],[1.8999999999999999],[0],[-0.90000000000000002],[-0.5],[0],[-0.80000000000000004],[1.3999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999]],[[0.10000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[-0.69999999999999996],[1.8],[0.10000000000000001],[1],[0.80000000000000004],[1.8999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[-0.59999999999999998],[-0.40000000000000002],[1.8999999999999999],[0.80000000000000004],[3.5],[1.5],[-0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[-0.20000000000000001],[1.7],[0.20000000000000001],[0],[0.40000000000000002],[1.2],[-0.29999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0],[12.199999999999999],[4.2000000000000002],[-7.2999999999999998],[-3.1000000000000001]],[[0.80000000000000004],[1.8],[0.29999999999999999],[2.3999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[-1],[1.1000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[-0.90000000000000002],[-1.3999999999999999],[2.7999999999999998],[2.3999999999999999],[8.0999999999999996],[3],[-1.8],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[2.7999999999999998],[1],[1.3],[2],[2.3999999999999999],[1.5],[1.1000000000000001],[-0.80000000000000004],[-0.5],[12.199999999999999],[3.3999999999999999],[-5.9000000000000004],[-1.2]]]

[]

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Expenditure

			% Change	% Change	% points contribution to growth in GDP
			Dec 20 to Mar 21	Mar 20 to Mar 21	Dec 20 to Mar 21
Final consumption expenditure
	General government		-0.5	5.0	-0.1
	Households		1.2	-	0.7
	Total final consumption expenditure		0.7	1.3	0.5
Gross fixed capital formation
	Private
		Dwellings	6.4	7.9	0.3
		Ownership transfer costs	10.6	26.8	0.2
		Non-dwelling construction	-1.1	-9.3	-0.1
		Machinery and equipment	11.6	8.6	0.4
		Cultivated biological resources	3.6	16.7	-
		Intellectual property products	2.4	-0.8	-
	Public		2.9	4.9	0.2
	Total gross fixed capital formation		4.7	3.9	1.1
Changes in inventories			na	na	0.7
Gross national expenditure			2.3	2.9	2.3
Exports of goods and services			0.5	-6.2	0.1
Imports of goods and services			3.7	1.0	-0.7
Statistical discrepancy (E)			na	na	0.1
Gross domestic product			1.8	1.1	1.8

- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
na not available

Final consumption expenditure (FCE) 0.7%

Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) 4.7%

Changes in inventories

Exports and imports of goods and services

Income

Income estimates are in seasonally adjusted current prices

		% Change	% Change	% points contribution to growth in GDP
		Dec 20 to Mar 21	Mar 20 to Mar 21	Dec 20 to Mar 21
Compensation of employees		1.5	3.0	0.7
Gross operating surplus
	Private non-financial corporations	-2.6	10.9	-0.6
	Other(a)	0.7	2.6	-
Gross mixed income		-1.2	10.6	-0.1
Taxes less subsidies on production and imports		62.3	-9.2	3.4
Statistical discrepancy (I)		na	na	-0.1
Gross domestic product		3.5	4.0	3.5

- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
na not available
a. Includes Public non-financial corporations, Financial corporations, General government and Dwellings owned by persons.

Compensation of employees (COE) 1.5%

State compensation of employees, current prices, seasonally adjusted
	Quarterly growth (%)	Through the year (%)
NSW	0.9	2.3
Vic.	3.5	3.0
Qld	0.8	3.3
SA	0.1	2.0
WA	1.5	4.3
Tas.	3.6	7.5
NT	0.7	4.1
ACT	-1.5	2.6
Aust.	1.5	3.0

Gross operating surplus (GOS) -1.2%

Taxes less subsidies on production and imports 62.3%

Production

	% Change	% Change	% points contribution to growth in GDP
	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Mar 20 to Mar 21	Dec 20 to Mar 21
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing	2.9	34.2	0.1
Mining	0.7	-2.3	0.1
Manufacturing	3.0	-0.4	0.2
Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services	-0.9	-1.4	-
Construction	4.4	-0.8	0.3
Wholesale Trade	2.9	6.3	0.1
Retail Trade	-1.0	3.6	-
Accommodation and Food Services	5.2	-0.1	0.1
Transport, Postal and Warehousing	5.0	-7.8	0.2
Information Media and Telecommunications	-1.9	0.6	-
Financial and Insurance Services	0.2	2.6	-
Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services	5.3	2.2	0.1
Professional, Scientific and Technical Services	1.2	1.7	0.1
Administrative and Support Services	1.9	-10.0	0.1
Public Administration and Safety	-0.7	2.0	-
Education and Training	0.3	1.0	-
Health Care and Social Assistance	1.2	4.0	0.1
Arts and Recreation Services	5.7	-0.8	-
Other Services	5.8	1.7	0.1
Ownership of dwellings	0.4	1.7	-
Taxes less subsidies on products	4.9	3.5	0.3
Statistical discrepancy (P)	na	na	-
Gross domestic product	1.8	1.1	1.8

- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
na not available

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 2.9%

Mining 0.7%

Manufacturing 3.0%

Construction 4.4%

Wholesale Trade 2.9%

Accommodation and Food Services 5.2%

Transport, Postal and Warehousing 5.0%

Information Media and Telecommunications -1.9%

Financial and Insurance Services 0.2%

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 5.3%

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 1.2%

Administrative and Support Services 1.9%

Health Care and Social Assistance 1.2%

Arts and Recreation Services 5.7%

Other Services 5.8%

State and territory final demand

		Percentage change from Dec 20 to Mar 21
		NSW	Vic.	Qld	SA	WA	Tas.	NT	ACT	Aust.(a)
Final consumption expenditure
	General government	-1.5	-0.8	0.0	-0.1	0.6	0.7	1.7	-0.1	-0.5
	Households	1.0	3.2	-0.3	0.5	0.3	1.9	-0.9	0.6	1.2
Gross fixed capital formation
	Private	7.2	2.0	2.3	4.6	10.8	2.5	-12.6	4.9	5.3
	Public	0.2	5.8	3.4	8.5	4.5	0.5	-3.9	-1.9	2.9
State final demand		1.5	2.3	0.4	1.4	3.0	1.6	-1.9	0.5	1.6

- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
a. Australia estimates relate to Domestic final demand.

Quarterly volume measures, seasonally adjusted

The map of shows quarterly volume measures of state final demand by state/territory.
New South Wales' state final demand increased 1.5% for the quarter.
Victoria's state final demand increased 2.3% for the quarter.
Queensland's state final demand increased 0.4% for the quarter.
South Australia's state final demand increased 1.4% for the quarter.
Western Australia's state final demand increased 3.0% for the quarter.
Tasmania's state final demand increased 1.6% for the quarter.
Northern Territory's state final demand decreased 1.9% for the quarter.
Australian Capital Territory's state final demand increased 0.5% for the quarter.

New South Wales 1.5%

Victoria 2.3%

Queensland 0.4%

South Australia 1.4%

Western Australia 3.0%

Tasmania 1.6%

Northern Territory -1.9%

Australian Capital Territory 0.5%

Key tables

Key national accounts aggregates

		Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Through the year, Mar 20 to Mar 21
Percentage change (a)
Chain volume GDP and related measures (b)
	GDP	-0.3	-7.0	3.5	3.2	1.8	1.1
	GDP per capita (c)	-0.6	-7.1	3.5	3.1	1.7	0.8
	Gross value added market sector (d)	-0.7	-7.7	3.2	3.6	2.0	0.6
	Net domestic product	-0.5	-8.6	4.1	3.8	2.1	0.9
Real income measures (b)
	Real gross domestic income	-0.4	-6.8	3.7	4.5	3.5	4.5
	Real gross national income	-0.1	-5.9	4.1	4.6	2.9	5.5
	Real net national disposable income	-0.3	-7.3	5.0	5.5	3.4	6.1
	Real net national disposable income per capita (c)	-0.6	-7.5	5.0	5.3	3.4	5.8
Current price measures
	GDP	0.1	-7.3	4.0	4.4	3.5	4.0
Productivity
	Hours worked	-0.9	-9.5	4.4	3.5	1.0	-1.3
	Hours worked market sector (d)	-1.4	-11.5	5.1	3.4	1.7	-2.1
	GDP per hour worked	0.6	2.8	-0.9	-0.3	0.8	2.5
	Gross value added per hour worked market sector (d)	0.7	4.4	-1.8	0.1	0.2	2.8
	Real unit labour costs	-0.3	-9.0	-0.9	6.9	0.5	-3.2
	Real unit labour costs - non-farm	-0.2	-9.5	-1.1	7.4	0.4	-3.5
Prices
	GDP implicit price deflator	0.4	-0.4	0.5	1.1	1.6	2.9
	Domestic final demand implicit price deflator	0.3	-0.2	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.4
	Terms of trade	-0.3	0.7	1.1	5.5	7.4	15.4
Levels
Chain volume GDP and related measures (b)
	GDP ($m)	495 564	461 035	476 976	492 269	501 065	. .
	GDP per capita (c) ($)	19 320	17 939	18 570	19 144	19 478	. .
	Gross value added market sector (d) ($m)	335 442	309 688	319 613	331 009	337 615	. .
	Net domestic product ($m)	409 229	374 208	389 646	404 454	412 756	. .
Real income measures (b)
	Real gross domestic income ($m)	494 840	461 135	478 222	499 564	516 903	. .
	Real gross national income ($m)	484 360	456 020	474 779	496 574	510 848	. .
	Real net national disposable income ($m)	397 740	368 763	387 129	408 244	422 119	. .
	Real net national disposable income per capita (c) ($)	15 506	14 349	15 072	15 877	16 409	. .
Current price measures
	GDP ($m)	505 320	468 263	486 854	508 132	525 730	. .
	GDP per capita (c) ($)	19 700	18 221	18 955	19 761	20 437	. .
	Gross national income ($m)	495 732	462 181	482 189	504 355	519 498	. .
	National net saving ($m)	32 896	29 837	28 092	35 584	45 986	. .
	Household saving ratio	7.9	22.0	18.6	12.2	11.6	. .
Prices
	Terms of trade (index) (e)	99.4	100.1	101.2	106.8	114.7	. .

. . not applicable
- nil or rounded to zero
a. Change on preceding quarter; last column shows the change between the current quarter and the corresponding quarter of the previous year.
b. Reference year for chain volume measures and real income measures is 2018-19.
c. Population estimates are as published in the National, state and territory population (cat. no. 3101.0) and ABS projections.
d. ANZSIC divisions A to N, R and S. See Glossary - Market sector.
e. Reference year for indexes is 2018-19 = 100.0.

Revisions to percentage changes (a)

		Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20
Percentage change (a)
Chain volume GDP and related measures (b)
	GDP	-	-	0.1	0.1
	GDP per capita (c)	-	0.1	0.2	0.1
	Gross value added market sector (d)	-0.1	0.2	-	0.2
	Net domestic product	-	-	-	0.1
Real income measures (b)
	Real gross domestic income	-0.2	-	-	0.3
	Real gross national income	-	-	-0.2	0.5
	Real net national disposable income	-0.1	-	-0.2	0.6
	Real net national disposable income per capita (c)	-0.1	-	-0.2	0.6
Current price measures
	GDP	-0.2	0.2	-	0.2
	Household saving ratio (e)	-	-	-0.1	0.2
Productivity
	Hours worked	-	0.5	-0.5	0.3
	Hours worked market sector (d)	-	0.2	-0.4	0.1
	GDP per hour worked	-	-0.6	0.5	-0.3
	Gross value added per hour worked market sector (d)	-0.1	0.2	0.4	-
	Real unit labour costs	0.3	-0.1	-	-
	Real unit labour costs - non-farm	0.3	-0.2	-0.1	-
Prices
	Terms of trade	-0.7	-0.1	-0.2	0.8

- nil or rounded to zero
a. Change on preceding quarter.
b. Reference year for chain volume measures and real income measures is 2018-19.
c. Population estimates are as published in the National, state and territory population (cat. no. 3101.0) and ABS projections.
d. ANZSIC divisions A to N, R and S. See Glossary - Market sector.
e. Revisions to levels.

Analytical expenditure aggregates

	Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Through the year, Mar 20 to Mar 21	Contribution to growth, Dec 20 to Mar 21
Final consumption expenditure
	General government	1.7	3.0	1.5	0.9	-0.5	5.0	-0.1
	Households	-1.4	-12.3	7.8	4.5	1.2	-	0.7
		Goods	1.0	-3.3	5.3	2.9	-0.5	4.3	-0.1
		Services	-2.8	-17.6	9.5	5.5	2.4	-2.6	0.8
		Essential	0.5	-4.7	4.5	1.2	0.2	1.0	0.1
		Discretionary	-4.4	-24.6	14.5	10.6	2.9	-1.8	0.6
Gross fixed capital formation
	Private	-0.4	-5.7	0.6	3.8	5.3	3.6	0.9
		Mining	3.1	0.9	-5.1	5.3	2.5	3.4	0.1
		Non-mining	-1.7	-6.7	-1.3	0.8	4.5	-3.0	0.3
		Total private business investment	-0.5	-4.8	-2.3	2.0	4.0	-1.3	0.4
	Public	-0.5	-0.4	0.1	2.2	2.9	4.9	0.2
Final demand
	Public		1.2	2.3	1.3	1.1	0.2	4.9	-
	Private		-1.2	-10.7	5.9	4.3	2.2	0.9	1.6

	Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20
Final consumption expenditure
	General government	-0.3	0.1	-	0.1
	Households	-	-	-0.1	0.2
		Goods	-0.3	-0.3	0.2	0.1
		Services	0.1	0.2	-0.3	0.3
		Essential	-0.1	-	0.1	-
		Discretionary	0.1	0.1	-0.5	0.7
Gross fixed capital formation
	Private	-0.1	0.2	-0.1	-0.1
		Mining	-0.1	0.3	-1.8	3.9
		Non-mining	-	-0.1	0.2	-1.7
		Total private business investment	-	-0.1	-0.3	-0.2
	Public	-0.4	-	0.3	-0.3
Final demand
	Public		-0.4	0.1	0.1	-
	Private		-0.1	-	-0.1	0.1

Expenditure aggregates

	Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21
Final consumption expenditure
	General government	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.2	-0.1
	Households	-0.8	-6.7	4.0	2.4	0.7
Gross fixed capital formation
	Private	-0.1	-1.0	0.1	0.6	0.9
	Public	-	-	-	0.1	0.2
Domestic final demand	-0.5	-7.1	4.4	3.3	1.6
Changes in inventories	-0.2	-0.5	0.9	-0.1	0.7
Exports of goods and services	-1.1	-1.7	-0.8	0.9	0.1
Imports of goods and services	1.5	2.4	-1.0	-1.0	-0.7
Statistical discrepancy (E)	-	-0.2	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Gross domestic product	-0.3	-7.0	3.5	3.2	1.8

Expenditure on GDP

Percentage changes

		Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Through the year, Mar 20 to Mar 21	Contribution to growth, Dec 20 to Mar 21
Final consumption expenditure
	General government	1.7	3.0	1.5	0.9	-0.5	5.0	-0.1
	Households	-1.4	-12.3	7.8	4.5	1.2	-	0.7
	Total final consumption expenditure	-0.6	-8.2	5.9	3.4	0.7	1.3	0.5
Private gross fixed capital formation
	Dwellings	-0.5	-4.4	1.7	4.2	6.4	7.9	0.3
	Ownership transfer costs	0.6	-18.2	21.6	15.2	10.6	26.8	0.2
	Non-dwelling construction	0.4	-1.8	-3.7	-2.9	-1.1	-9.3	-0.1
	Machinery and equipment	-1.4	-8.2	-3.0	9.4	11.6	8.6	0.4
	Cultivated biological resources	5.3	9.2	2.7	0.4	3.6	16.7	-
	Intellectual property products	-1.8	-7.1	2.2	2.0	2.4	-0.8	-
	Total private gross fixed capital formation	-0.4	-5.7	0.6	3.8	5.3	3.6	0.9
Public gross fixed capital formation
	Public corporations	8.5	-7.6	7.3	-2.5	-3.0	-6.2	-
	General government	-3.0	1.9	-1.9	3.7	4.6	8.3	0.2
	Total public gross fixed capital formation	-0.5	-0.4	0.1	2.2	2.9	4.9	0.2
Total gross fixed capital formation		-0.4	-4.5	0.5	3.4	4.7	3.9	1.1
Domestic final demand		-0.6	-7.3	4.6	3.4	1.6	1.9	1.6
Changes in inventories		. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	0.7
Exports of goods and services		-4.5	-7.3	-3.3	4.1	0.5	-6.2	0.1
Imports of goods and services		-7.2	-12.5	5.6	5.4	3.7	1.0	-0.7
Statistical discrepancy (E)		. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	0.1
Gross domestic product		-0.3	-7.0	3.5	3.2	1.8	1.1	1.8

. . not applicable
- nil or rounded to zero

Revisions to percentage changes

		Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20
Final consumption expenditure
	General government	-0.3	0.1	-	0.1
	Households	-	-	-0.1	0.2
	Total final consumption expenditure	-0.1	-	-	0.2
Private gross fixed capital formation
	Dwellings	-0.4	0.5	0.1	0.1
	Ownership transfer costs	-	-	-	-
	Non-dwelling construction	-	-	-0.6	-1.0
	Machinery and equipment	-	-	-	0.5
	Cultivated biological resources	-0.9	0.3	-1.7	0.4
	Intellectual property products	-0.1	0.1	-	0.6
	Total private gross fixed capital formation	-0.1	0.2	-0.1	-0.1
Public gross fixed capital formation
	Public corporations	0.8	-0.5	0.1	-1.9
	General government	-0.7	0.2	0.4	0.2
	Total public gross fixed capital formation	-0.4	-	0.3	-0.3
Total gross fixed capital formation		-0.2	0.1	-	-0.2
Domestic final demand		-0.2	0.1	-	0.1
Gross national expenditure		-	0.1	-0.1	0.1
Exports of goods and services		-0.3	0.3	0.7	0.3
Imports of goods and services		-	-0.2	-0.3	0.5
Gross domestic product		-	-	0.1	0.1

- nil or rounded to zero

Household final consumption expenditure

	Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Through the year, Mar 20 to Mar 21	Contribution to growth, Dec 20 to Mar 21
Food	5.5	-3.0	3.8	-1.6	-1.4	-2.5	-0.1
Cigarettes and tobacco	-4.0	-3.1	-1.3	-6.7	-0.4	-11.2	-
Alcoholic beverages	2.8	12.3	-0.6	-0.3	-3.9	7.0	-0.1
Clothing and footwear	-9.4	-17.9	21.9	16.0	-0.4	15.6	-
Rent and other dwelling services	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	1.6	0.1
Electricity, gas and other fuel	-0.3	4.2	4.9	-7.7	-3.8	-3.0	-0.1
Furnishings and household equipment	1.1	9.8	-0.9	1.2	-0.2	9.9	-
Health	-1.5	-20.0	25.2	5.8	0.1	6.1	-
Purchase of vehicles	-1.9	-17.9	15.2	31.7	-2.7	21.2	-0.1
Operation of vehicles	-4.0	-25.3	10.3	12.8	1.6	-5.6	0.1
Transport services	-14.9	-85.7	46.4	24.4	8.8	-71.6	0.1
Communications	1.8	1.7	1.3	0.8	2.2	6.2	-
Recreation and culture	-1.8	-15.6	12.5	9.1	3.3	7.0	0.3
Education services	0.3	0.3	0.9	1.0	0.4	2.7	-
Hotels, cafes and restaurants	-9.9	-55.7	49.4	18.2	14.8	-10.2	0.7
Insurance and other financial services	-0.4	0.5	0.8	1.2	0.5	3.0	-
Other goods and services	-1.0	-31.5	23.1	11.8	3.3	-2.5	0.2
Total	-1.4	-12.3	7.8	4.5	1.2	-	1.2

Industry gross value added

Percentage changes

	Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Through the year, Mar 20 to Mar 21	Contribution to growth, Dec 20 to Mar 21
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing	-0.5	-0.7	1.4	29.5	2.9	34.2	0.1
Mining	-0.7	0.1	-2.2	-0.9	0.7	-2.3	0.1
Manufacturing	1.7	-8.3	4.2	1.2	3.0	-0.4	0.2
Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services	-2.1	-1.6	0.6	0.4	-0.9	-1.4	-
Construction	-0.9	-7.8	2.4	0.6	4.4	-0.8	0.3
Wholesale Trade	1.5	-5.8	5.2	4.1	2.9	6.3	0.1
Retail Trade	1.6	-4.5	5.7	3.6	-1.0	3.6	-
Accommodation and Food Services	-8.0	-37.9	42.2	7.6	5.2	-0.1	0.1
Transport, Postal and Warehousing	-4.9	-21.1	4.3	6.7	5.0	-7.8	0.2
Information Media and Telecommunications	0.4	-8.1	5.7	5.6	-1.9	0.6	-
Financial and Insurance Services	0.6	1.3	1.0	0.1	0.2	2.6	-
Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services	-1.7	-15.5	7.7	6.7	5.3	2.2	0.1
Professional, Scientific and Technical Services	0.9	-6.0	2.4	4.4	1.2	1.7	0.1
Administrative and Support Services	-2.9	-18.7	-0.4	9.0	1.9	-10.0	0.1
Public Administration and Safety	2.3	0.6	1.3	0.8	-0.7	2.0	-
Education and Training	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	1.0	-
Health Care and Social Assistance	-0.1	-8.1	8.9	2.7	1.2	4.0	0.1
Arts and Recreation Services	-2.7	-24.0	14.4	7.9	5.7	-0.8	-
Other Services	-3.5	-16.5	6.0	8.6	5.8	1.7	0.1
Ownership of dwellings	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	1.7	-
Gross value added at basic prices	-0.3	-6.1	3.1	2.9	1.5	1.1	1.5
Taxes less subsidies on products	-0.2	-16.4	8.5	8.7	4.9	3.5	0.3
Statistical discrepancy (P)	. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	-
Gross domestic product	-0.3	-7.0	3.5	3.2	1.8	1.1	1.8

. . not applicable
- nil or rounded to zero
a. Excludes ownership of dwellings.

Revisions to percentage changes

	Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing	2.8	1.2	1.6	2.7
Mining	-0.2	0.1	-0.1	0.1
Manufacturing	-0.2	0.7	-0.2	-
Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services	-0.6	-0.1	-0.5	1.3
Construction	-0.6	-0.2	-0.2	0.3
Wholesale Trade	-0.6	0.4	0.1	0.5
Retail Trade	-0.1	-	0.2	-0.1
Accommodation and Food Services	-0.1	0.6	0.1	-0.3
Transport, Postal and Warehousing	-0.4	0.2	-	0.6
Information Media and Telecommunications	-0.1	0.5	-	0.4
Financial and Insurance Services	-0.5	0.5	0.5	-0.3
Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services	0.2	0.3	-0.7	-0.7
Professional, Scientific and Technical Services	-0.3	0.1	-	-0.3
Administrative and Support Services	0.8	0.2	-1.1	-0.4
Public Administration and Safety	-	-0.2	-0.2	-
Education and Training	-	-	-	-
Health Care and Social Assistance	-	-	-0.2	0.5
Arts and Recreation Services	0.1	-0.1	-	-0.5
Other Services	0.6	0.7	-0.2	-1.3
Ownership of dwellings	-	-	-	-
Gross value added at basic prices	-	0.2	-	0.2
Taxes less subsidies on products	-0.9	-0.9	1.5	0.1
Gross domestic product	-	-	0.1	0.1

- nil or rounded to zero
a. Excludes ownership of dwellings.

Income from GDP

Seasonally adjusted current prices, percentage changes

			Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20	Dec 20 to Mar 21	Through the year, Mar 20 to Mar 21	Contribution to growth, Dec 20 to Mar 21
Compensation of employees
	Wages and salaries		0.5	-2.3	2.3	1.5	1.5	3.0	0.6
	Employers' social contributions (a)		0.8	-1.8	2.3	1.5	1.2	3.1	0.1
	Total compensation of employees		0.5	-2.3	2.3	1.5	1.5	3.0	0.7
Gross operating surplus
	Non-financial corporations
		Private non-financial corporations	-2.0	18.7	3.8	-7.5	-2.6	10.9	-0.6
		Public non-financial corporations	2.8	-1.7	5.5	8.8	-0.1	12.6	-
		Total non-financial corporations	-1.8	17.9	3.9	-7.0	-2.5	11.0	-0.6
	Financial corporations		1.0	-0.8	1.0	1.1	0.9	2.1	-
	Total corporations		-1.2	13.9	3.3	-5.5	-1.9	9.1	-0.5
	General government		1.3	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4	5.8	-
	Dwellings owned by persons		0.8	-0.1	0.1	0.5	0.4	0.9	-
	Total gross operating surplus		-0.7	10.2	2.6	-4.0	-1.2	7.2	-0.5
Gross mixed income			0.2	21.1	6.8	-13.4	-1.2	10.6	-0.1
Total factor income			-	4.5	2.9	-2.3	0.1	5.3	0.1
Taxes less subsidies on production and imports			0.9	-118.5	49.4	697.3	62.3	-9.2	3.4
Statistical discrepancy (I)			. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	. .	-0.1
Gross domestic product			0.1	-7.3	4.0	4.4	3.5	4.0	3.5

. . not applicable
- nil or rounded to zero
a. Includes contributions to superannuation made by employers and payments of workers' compensation premiums.

Revisions to percentage changes

			Dec 19 to Mar 20	Mar 20 to Jun 20	Jun 20 to Sep 20	Sep 20 to Dec 20
Compensation of employees
	Wages and salaries		-	0.1	-0.1	-
	Employers' social contributions (a)		0.1	-	-	0.1
	Total compensation of employees		-	-	-0.1	-
Gross operating surplus
	Non-financial corporations
		Private non-financial corporations	-	-	-	-
		Public non-financial corporations	-0.1	1.0	1.6	-2.6
		Total non-financial corporations	-	0.1	0.1	-0.1
	Financial corporations		-0.1	0.1	-	0.2
	Total corporations		-	0.1	-	-0.1
	General government		-	-	-	-
	Dwellings owned by persons		-0.1	0.1	0.1	-
	Total gross operating surplus		-0.1	-	-	-
Gross mixed income			0.8	-1.4	0.1	-0.7
Total factor income			-	-0.1	-	-0.1
Taxes less subsidies on production and imports			-0.6	0.1	-3.5	-30.2
Gross domestic product			-0.2	0.2	-	0.2

- nil or rounded to zero
a. Includes contributions to superannuation made by employers and payments of workers' compensation premiums.

State final demand

	Percentage change from Dec 20 to Mar 21
Final consumption expenditure
	General government	-1.5	-0.8	0.0	-0.1	0.6	0.7	1.7	-0.1	-0.5
	Households	1.0	3.2	-0.3	0.5	0.3	1.9	-0.9	0.6	1.2
Gross fixed capital formation
	Private	7.2	2.0	2.3	4.6	10.8	2.5	-12.6	4.9	5.3
	Public	0.2	5.8	3.4	8.5	4.5	0.5	-3.9	-1.9	2.9
State final demand	1.5	2.3	0.4	1.4	3.0	1.6	-1.9	0.5	1.6

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Revisions and changes

Revisions in this issue

There are revisions in this issue due to the incorporation of more up-to-date data and concurrent seasonal adjustment.

Suspension of trend estimates

Due to the impacts of COVID-19 on the economy, trend estimates for all series in the National Accounts have been suspended from June 2019 (inclusive). In the short term, this measurement will be significantly affected by changes to regular patterns in economic activity. If trend estimates were to be calculated without fully accounting for this unusual event, they would likely provide a misleading view of the underlying trend in the economy.

Extraordinary Annual Seasonal Review (EASR)

In the March quarter 2020 issue of Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product, the ABS advised that the method used to produce seasonally adjusted estimates would be changed from the ‘concurrent’ method to the ‘forward factors’ method for series with significant and prolonged impacts from COVID-19.

Given the large changes in the Australian economy during the COVID-19 period and the continuing use of a forward factors approach to seasonal adjustment, the ABS has undertaken an extensive annual review of seasonally adjusted series. This review changed a range of time series treatments to ensure that the seasonal adjustment process continues to be less influenced by the large irregular movements over the past year. Revisions to most seasonally adjusted series are relatively minor, but larger than would be observed on a quarterly basis through the use of concurrent seasonal adjustment.

For some series, the review has allowed a return to concurrent seasonal adjustment, where economic conditions are assessed to have returned to pre COVID-19 patterns. For the remaining series where this is not the case, forward factors have been calculated for the next 12 months through this annual process.

Upcoming changes to publication tables

The June quarter 2021 issue of this publication, scheduled for release on 1 September 2021, will include changes to publication tables 24. Selected Analytical Series and 34. Key Aggregates and Analytical Series, Annual. The changes include the addition of analytical series for household final consumption expenditure, currently presented in the Analytical expenditure aggregates table on this page. For further information on the changes, please contact national.accounts@abs.gov.au.

Data downloads

Next quarter's release of this publication will include changes to publication tables 24. Selected Analytical Series and 34. Key Aggregates and Analytical Series, Annual. For further information regarding these changes, see the revisions and changes section above.

Download all (6.07 MB)

Time series spreadsheets

Data files

Table 1. Key National Accounts Aggregates
Download xls [410.5 KB]
Table 2. Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Chain volume measures
Download xls [2.07 MB]
Table 3. Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Current prices
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Table 4. Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Chain price indexes
Download xls [189.5 KB]
Table 5. Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Implicit price deflators
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Table 6. Gross Value Added by Industry, Chain volume measures
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Table 7. Income from Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Current prices
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Table 8. Household Final Consumption Expenditure (HFCE)
Download xls [701 KB]
Table 9. Changes in Inventories
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Table 10. Agricultural Income, Current prices
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Table 11. National Income Account, Current prices
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Table 12. National Capital Account, Current prices
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Table 13. Non-Financial Corporations Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [285.5 KB]
Table 14. Private Non-Financial Corporations Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [278 KB]
Table 15. Public Non-Financial Corporations Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [274 KB]
Table 16. Financial Corporations Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [278 KB]
Table 17. General Government Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [391.5 KB]
Table 18. National General Government Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [381.5 KB]
Table 19. State and Local General Government Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [340 KB]
Table 20. Household Income Account, Current prices
Download xls [438.5 KB]
Table 21. External Account, Current prices
Download xls [200.5 KB]
Table 22. Taxes, Current prices
Download xls [258 KB]
Table 23. Social Assistance Benefits Payments, Current prices
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Table 24. Selected Analytical Series
Download xls [491.5 KB]
Table 25. State Final Demand, Summary Components by State: Chain volume measures
Download xls [614.5 KB]
Table 26. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: New South Wales
Download xls [960.5 KB]
Table 27. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: Victoria
Download xls [960.5 KB]
Table 28. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: Queensland
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Table 29. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: South Australia
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Table 30. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: Western Australia
Download xls [1.15 MB]
Table 31. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: Tasmania
Download xls [961.5 KB]
Table 32. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: Northern Territory
Download xls [1.15 MB]
Table 33. State Final Demand, Detailed Components: Australian Capital Territory
Download xls [963 KB]
Table 34. Key Aggregates and analytical series, Annual
Download xls [147.5 KB]
Table 35. Income from GDP and Changes in Inventories, Annual
Download xls [80 KB]
Table 36. Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Chain volume measures and Current prices, Annual
Download xls [226 KB]
Table 37. Industry Gross Value Added, Chain volume measures, Annual
Download xls [106.5 KB]
Table 38. National Income Account, Current prices, Annual
Download xls [73 KB]
Table 39. National Capital Account, Current prices, Annual
Download xls [74 KB]
Table 40. External Account, Current prices, Annual
Download xls [71.5 KB]
Table 41. Indexes of Industrial Production
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Table 42. Unit Labour Costs
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Table 43. Indexes of Industrial Production, Annual
Download xls [74.5 KB]
Table 44. Compensation of Employees, State by Sector: Current prices
Download xls [152 KB]
Table 45. Gross Value Added by Industry, Current prices
Download xls [572 KB]

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 5206.0.

Methodology

Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product methodology, March 2021

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APA

Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product

APA

Key statistics

Articles

Economic overview

March key figures, percentage changes (a)

Australian economy rose 1.8% in March quarter

Strong growth in the terms of trade

Private demand drives growth

Private investment records strongest rise since September quarter 2017

Household spending on services continues to recover

Household saving ratio remains elevated

Increased demand drives gross value added (GVA)

Compensation of employees (COE) rises with underlying activity

Operating surplus declines following reductions in government support for business

Expenditure

Final consumption expenditure (FCE) 0.7%

Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) 4.7%

Changes in inventories

Exports and imports of goods and services

Income

Compensation of employees (COE) 1.5%

Gross operating surplus (GOS) -1.2%

Taxes less subsidies on production and imports 62.3%

Production

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 2.9%

Mining 0.7%

Manufacturing 3.0%

Construction 4.4%

Wholesale Trade 2.9%

Accommodation and Food Services 5.2%

Transport, Postal and Warehousing 5.0%

Information Media and Telecommunications -1.9%

Financial and Insurance Services 0.2%

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 5.3%

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 1.2%

Administrative and Support Services 1.9%

Health Care and Social Assistance 1.2%

Arts and Recreation Services 5.7%

Other Services 5.8%

State and territory final demand

Quarterly volume measures, seasonally adjusted

New South Wales 1.5%

Victoria 2.3%

Queensland 0.4%

South Australia 1.4%

Western Australia 3.0%

Tasmania 1.6%

Northern Territory -1.9%

Australian Capital Territory 0.5%

Key tables

Key national accounts aggregates

Revisions to percentage changes (a)

Analytical expenditure aggregates

Percentage changes

Revisions to percentage changes

Expenditure aggregates

Contributions to growth

Expenditure on GDP

Percentage changes

Revisions to percentage changes

Household final consumption expenditure

Percentage changes

Industry gross value added

Percentage changes

Revisions to percentage changes

Income from GDP

Seasonally adjusted current prices, percentage changes

Revisions to percentage changes

State final demand

Related releases

Australian System of National Accounts (cat. no. 5204.0)

Australian National Accounts: Supply Use Tables (cat. no. 5217.0)

Read more

Australian National Accounts: State Accounts (cat. no. 5220.0)

Estimates of Industry Multifactor Productivity (cat. no. 5260.0.55.002) and Experimental Estimates of Industry Level KLEMS Multifactor Productivity (cat. no. 5260.0.55.004)

Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables (cat. no. 5209.0.55.001)

Australian National Accounts: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Wealth (cat. no. 5204.0.55.011)

Australian National Accounts: Finance and Wealth (cat. no. 5232.0)