Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables

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Input–Output (I-O) tables provide detailed information about the supply and use of products in the Australian economy

Reference period
2020-21 financial year
Released
30/03/2023

Introduction

In this release

This edition of the Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables includes a section on product details, which was previously published separately. For the previous Product Details publication, please see Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables (Product Details). Please see Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables for the previous version of this publication.

Input-Output (I-O) tables are part of the Australian National Accounts, complementing the quarterly and annual series of national income, expenditure and product aggregates. They provide detailed information about the supply and use of products in the Australian economy, and the structure of and inter-relationships between Australian industries. The data published in this release is consistent with the 2021-22 release of the Australian System of National Accounts.

This publication contains the I-O tables and I-O Product Details tables for 2020-21. The I-O tables include basic transaction tables, coefficients, industry flow and margins tables. The Product Details tables contain Australian production, imports, margins, taxes, subsidies, intermediate and final usage, and exports of over 900 products.

With the release of tables for 2020-21, the ABS has completed 34 Input-Output tables for Australia. Previous tables were for 1958-59, 1962-63, 1968-69, 1974-75, 1977-78 to 1983-84, 1986-87, 1989-90, 1992-93 to 1994-95, 1996-97, 1998-99, 2001-02, 2004-05 to 2009-10, and 2012-13 to 2019-20.

A list of the 2020-21 I-O tables available in this release can be accessed in the data download section.

Changes to this release

  • Previous editions (2019-20 and prior) of the Input-Output tables were released in two separate publications - the Input-Output tables and Product Details tables. This release combines the two publications into one for the 2020-21 reference year. 

Confidentiality:

  • A small number of Import/Export values have been perturbed in the Product Details table.
  • IOPC 06000020 Brown Coal has been collapsed into IOPC 06000010 Black Coal in the Product Details table.

Product details

This publication presents information on supply and use by detailed product item based on Input-Output Industry Group (IOIG), Input-Output Product Group (IOPG) and Input-Output Product Classification (IOPC). It shows Australian production, imports, intermediate usage, final usage, exports, margins and taxes less subsidies on products.

IOIGs are based on the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC), both the I-O tables and Product Details tables are published at this level of industry. IOPGs are groups of IOPCs aggregated to the IOIGs to which they are primary. I-O tables are published at this level of product classification.

IOPCs are the detailed level product classifications, organised according to the industry to which each product is primary. The Product Details tables are compiled at this level of product classification. 

Input Output Product Classification (IOPC)

The IOPC is an industry-of-origin product classification that has been specifically developed for the compilation and application of Australian (I-O) tables. Because the I-O system describes the production and subsequent use of all goods and services, an I-O product classification needs to be defined in terms of characteristic products of industry sectors. The overall principles for the preparation of such an industry-of-origin product classification include:

  • Homogeneity of inputs - each product or product group should consist of items that have similar input structures or technology of production. This principle is generally applied through the definition of each IOPC item in terms of the ANZSIC industry in which it is mainly produced.
  • Homogeneity of disposition - each product or product group, having satisfied the first criterion, should consist of items that have similar patterns of disposition or usage. This principle is applied by reference to the description of source data items and information about the transport, distribution and product taxation margins applying to particular products.

The IOPC used in this publication is consistent with the 2006 edition of the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC). The IOPC has over 900 individual product items. For confidentiality and data availability reasons the values of some of these detailed products have been suppressed (shown as 'n.p.'). The practice of aggregating product details for confidentiality, used in the past, has not been applied in this release, with the exception of Brown coal (IOPC 06000020).

The structure of the Input-Output Product Classification (IOPC) arises from its industry-of-origin basis where each product item is shown according to the industry in which it is primarily produced.

This structure is implemented in the IOPC by the adoption of ANZSIC classes as the basis for defining IOPC items. IOPC items are identified by an eight-digit code with the first four digits typically referring to the ANZSIC class to which the item is primary and the last four digits the product number. Details of ANZSIC codes and their relationship to the I-O industry groups, and other industry and commodity classifications are shown in the concordance table in the Input-Output Tables methodology.

Alternative view of Input-Output tables

An alternative view of the 2020-21 Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables has been produced to support the needs of users who apply the data in large and sophisticated models.

The variation relates to the treatment of imports data. The I-O release for 2020-21 offsets the treatment of freight and insurance services provided on imports by residents. These are already part of domestic output and should not be treated as imports, therefore in the main tables, imports of freight and insurance services are adjusted downwards at an aggregated level.

While conceptually correct and in line with international standards, this adjustment can generate negative values for imports of transport services for certain industry groups which, being an accounting entry, have no economic meaning. These adjustments were included in previous I-O tables, but depending on data for individual years, imported services of water and air transport may more than compensate for the negative adjustment for a particular industry group, thus avoiding negatives appearing in the columns of Table 3 (Imports).

In the alternative view these negatives have been removed by adding the value of freight and insurance on imports provided by residents back into imports and, to maintain the balance on the current account, adding a similar value to exports. The value of this adjustment in 2020-21 is $1,850m.

The alternative view is available in the data download section.

Data downloads

Input-Output Tables Data Cubes

For further information on the Input-Output tables, 2020-21, please see the Input-Output Tables - data content and structure section on the the Methodology page.

For further information on industry and product concordances, please see the Industry and product concordances section on the Methodology page.

All monetary data presented in the below tables is formatted in millions of dollars.

Data files

Input-Output Tables (Product Details) Data Cube

Please follow the link for a look at the previously published Product Details Tables.

Inquiries

For inquiries about these and related statistics, contact the Customer Assistance Service via the ABS website Contact Us page or email national.accounts@abs.gov.au.

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Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 5209.0.55.001.

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