Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables

The Input-Output (I-O) tables are part of the Australian National Accounts, complementing the quarterly and annual series of national income, expenditure and product aggregates. They provide detailed information about the supply and use of products in the Australian economy, and the structure of and inter-relationships between Australian industries. The data published in this release is consistent with the latest release of the Australian System of National Accounts.

This publication contains the I-O tables and I-O Product Details tables for 2021-22. The I-O tables include basic transaction tables, coefficients, industry flow and margins tables. The Product Details tables contain Australian production, imports, margins, taxes, subsidies, intermediate and final usage, and exports of over 900 products.

Previous I-O tables were produced for 1958-59, 1962-63, 1968-69, 1974-75, 1977-78 to 1983-84, 1986-87, 1989-90, 1992-93 to 1994-95, 1996-97, 1998-99, 2001-02, 2004-05 to 2009-10, and 2012-13 to 2020-21.

A list of the 2021-22 I-O tables available in this release can be accessed in the data download section.

A number of changes have been made to Industry and Product classifications in this release:

• To align better with the international standard for Supply-Use and Input-Output tables, the industry and product classifications for Ownership of Dwellings have been updated as follows:
  • IOIG/IOPG 6701 Ownership of Dwellings has been split into 6700 Imputed rent for owner-occupiers and 6701 Actual rent for housing
  • IOPC 67110010 Ownership of Dwellings has been split into 67110030 Imputed rent for owner-occupiers and 67110040 Actual rent for housing
  • IOPC 67110020 Residential caravan park operation and residential property body corporate or strata corporation services has been split into 67110050 Residential caravan park operation and residential property body corporate or strata corporation services for owner-occupiers and 67110060 Residential caravan park operation and residential property body corporate or strata corporation services for actual rent.
• A small number of other IOPC codes and descriptions have been updated due to ongoing maintenance of the classifications. These are minor changes only to improve the description and  numerical consistency of products. These are reflected in the updated Industry and Product concordance on the Methodology page. 

This publication presents information on supply and use by detailed product item based on Input-Output Industry Group (IOIG), Input-Output Product Group (IOPG) and Input-Output Product Classification (IOPC). It shows Australian production, imports, intermediate usage, final usage, exports, margins and taxes less subsidies on products.

IOIGs are based on the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC); both the I-O tables and Product Details tables are published at this level of industry. IOPGs are groups of IOPCs aggregated to the IOIGs to which they are primary. I-O tables are published at this level of product classification.

The IOPC is an industry-of-origin product classification that has been specifically developed for the compilation and application of Australian (I-O) tables. Because the I-O system describes the production and subsequent use of all goods and services, an I-O product classification needs to be defined in terms of characteristic products of industry sectors. The overall principles for the preparation of such an industry-of-origin product classification include:

• Homogeneity of inputs - each product or product group should consist of items that have similar input structures or technology of production. This principle is generally applied through the definition of each IOPC item in terms of the ANZSIC industry in which it is primarily produced.
• Homogeneity of disposition - each product or product group, having satisfied the first criterion, should consist of items that have similar patterns of disposition or usage. This principle is applied by reference to the description of source data items and information about the transport, distribution and product taxation margins applying to particular products.

This structure is implemented in the IOPC by the adoption of ANZSIC classes as the basis for defining IOPC items. IOPC items are identified by an eight-digit code with the first four digits typically referring to the ANZSIC class to which the item is primary and the last four digits the product number. Details of ANZSIC codes and their relationship to the I-O industry groups, and other industry and commodity classifications, are shown in the concordance table in the Input-Output Tables methodology.

The IOPC used in this publication is consistent with the 2006 edition of the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC). The IOPC has over 900 individual product items and the Product Details tables are compiled at this level.

An alternative view of the Australian National Accounts: Input-Output Tables has been produced to support the needs of users who apply the data in large and sophisticated models.

The variation relates to the treatment of imports data and offsets the treatment of freight and insurance services provided on imports by residents. These are already part of domestic output and should not be treated as imports; therefore, in the main tables, imports of freight and insurance services are adjusted downwards at an aggregated level.

While conceptually correct and in line with international standards, this adjustment can generate negative values for imports of transport services for certain industry groups which, being an accounting entry, have no economic meaning. These adjustments were included in previous I-O tables but depending on data for individual years, imported services of water and air transport may more than compensate for the negative adjustment for a particular industry group, thus avoiding negatives appearing in the columns of Table 3 (Imports).

In the alternative view these negatives have been removed by adding the value of freight and insurance on imports provided by residents back into imports and, to maintain the balance on the current account, adding a similar value to exports. The value of this adjustment in 2021-22 is $2,853m.

The alternative view is available in the data download section.

For inquiries about these and related statistics, contact the Customer Assistance Service via the ABS website Contact Us page or email national.accounts@abs.gov.au.

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This release previously used catalogue numbers 5209.0.55.001 and 5215.0.55.001.