Consumer Price Index, Australia

This is not the latest release View the latest release

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures household inflation and includes statistics about price change for categories of household expenditure.

Reference period

December Quarter 2023

Released

31/01/2024

View all releases

Key statistics

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 0.6% this quarter.
Over the twelve months to the December 2023 quarter, the CPI rose 4.1%.
The most significant price rises this quarter were Tobacco (+7.0%), New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers (+1.5%), Domestic holiday travel and accommodation (+3.9%) and Medical and hospital services (+1.2%).

What's new this quarter

Monthly CPI Indicator

The latest monthly inflation data can be found in the Monthly CPI Indicator.

Australian Dietary Guidelines Price Indexes

This issue incorporates an article titled "Australian Dietary Guidelines price indexes". The article details the analysis of price change over a twenty-year period for the food groups described by the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG), using historical data from the CPI.

75 years of the CPI

The ABS has collected prices for goods and services for over 100 years, with the quarterly CPI dating back to 1948. To mark the 75-year milestone of producing the CPI, a media statement and article titled ‘What changes in prices and their collection tell us about Australia' were released on 29 November. The article takes a look at how the basket of goods and services priced in the CPI has evolved over time and compares the prices paid today for a range of common items to what they were 50 years ago.

Update to the CPI weights next quarter

The CPI weights are updated each year to ensure the weights used in the CPI basket reflect contemporary household spending patterns. Previously the weights have been updated each December quarter. Starting from 2024, the CPI weights will be updated each March quarter. The updated CPI weights will be published at the same time as the January Monthly CPI indicator release on 28 February 2024.

Design of a complete monthly CPI – Public Consultation

At the end of 2023, the ABS undertook public consultation on the design of a complete monthly measure of the CPI. The consultation closed on 15 December 2023. Details of the consultation process are available on the ABS Consultation Hub. A summary of the submissions received and the final monthly CPI design will be made available on the “We asked, You said, We did” page of the Consultation Hub in early 2024.

Main features

All groups CPI, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
Dec-13	0.8	2.7
Mar-14	0.6	2.9
Jun-14	0.5	3.0
Sep-14	0.5	2.3
Dec-14	0.2	1.7
Mar-15	0.2	1.3
Jun-15	0.7	1.5
Sep-15	0.5	1.5
Dec-15	0.4	1.7
Mar-16	-0.2	1.3
Jun-16	0.4	1.0
Sep-16	0.7	1.3
Dec-16	0.5	1.5
Mar-17	0.5	2.1
Jun-17	0.2	1.9
Sep-17	0.6	1.8
Dec-17	0.6	1.9
Mar-18	0.4	1.9
Jun-18	0.4	2.1
Sep-18	0.4	1.9
Dec-18	0.5	1.8
Mar-19	0	1.3
Jun-19	0.6	1.6
Sep-19	0.5	1.7
Dec-19	0.7	1.8
Mar-20	0.3	2.2
Jun-20	-1.9	-0.3
Sep-20	1.6	0.7
Dec-20	0.9	0.9
Mar-21	0.6	1.1
Jun-21	0.8	3.8
Sep-21	0.8	3.0
Dec-21	1.3	3.5
Mar-22	2.1	5.1
Jun-22	1.8	6.1
Sep-22	1.8	7.3
Dec-22	1.9	7.8
Mar-23	1.4	7.0
Jun-23	0.8	6.0
Sep-23	1.2	5.4
Dec-23	0.6	4.1

All groups CPI, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Annual change"]

[["Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23"],[[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.5],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[0],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.29999999999999999],[-1.8999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[0.80000000000000004],[1.3],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8],[1.8],[1.8999999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[0.80000000000000004],[1.2],[0.59999999999999998]],[[2.7000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[3],[2.2999999999999998],[1.7],[1.3],[1.5],[1.5],[1.7],[1.3],[1],[1.3],[1.5],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[1.3],[1.6000000000000001],[1.7],[1.8],[2.2000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[0.90000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[3.7999999999999998],[3],[3.5],[5.0999999999999996],[6.0999999999999996],[7.2999999999999998],[7.7999999999999998],[7],[6],[5.4000000000000004],[4.0999999999999996]]]

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Weighted average of eight capital cities
		Sep Qtr 2023 to Dec Qtr 2023	Dec Qtr 2022 to Dec Qtr 2023
		% change	% change
All groups CPI		0.6	4.1
Food and non-alcoholic beverages		0.5	4.5
Alcohol and tobacco		2.8	6.6
Clothing and footwear		0.5	-1.1
Housing		1.0	6.1
Furnishings, household equipment and services		-1.0	-0.2
Health		0.6	5.1
Transport		-0.2	3.7
Communication		0.4	2.2
Recreation and culture		0.3	0.5
Education		-0.1	4.7
Insurance and financial services		1.7	8.1
CPI analytical series
	All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted	0.7	4.0
	Trimmed mean	0.8	4.2
	Weighted median	0.9	4.4

Overview

Annual CPI inflation eases again in the December quarter

Annual CPI inflation was 4.1 per cent in the December 2023 quarter, lower than the 5.4 per cent annual rise in the September 2023 quarter. This marks the fourth consecutive quarter of lower annual inflation and down from the peak of 7.8 per cent in the December 2022 quarter. Trimmed mean annual inflation of 4.2 per cent was also lower in the December quarter, both compared to the September 2023 quarter inflation of 5.1 per cent and the peak in December 2022 of 6.8 per cent.

All groups CPI and Trimmed mean, Australia, annual movement (%)
	All groups CPI (%)	Trimmed mean (%)
Dec-90	6.9	6.6
Mar-91	4.8	5.7
Jun-91	3.3	5.0
Sep-91	3.1	4.8
Dec-91	1.5	3.7
Mar-92	1.7	3.3
Jun-92	1.2	2.8
Sep-92	0.8	2.2
Dec-92	0.3	2.0
Mar-93	1.2	2.1
Jun-93	1.8	2.2
Sep-93	2.2	2.3
Dec-93	1.8	2.3
Mar-94	1.5	2.3
Jun-94	1.8	2.3
Sep-94	2.0	2.3
Dec-94	2.6	2.2
Mar-95	3.7	2.3
Jun-95	4.5	2.5
Sep-95	5.1	3.0
Dec-95	5.1	3.2
Mar-96	3.8	3.2
Jun-96	3.1	3.0
Sep-96	2.1	2.5
Dec-96	1.5	2.4
Mar-97	1.4	2.5
Jun-97	0.3	2.1
Sep-97	-0.4	1.8
Dec-97	-0.3	1.9
Mar-98	-0.1	1.7
Jun-98	0.7	1.9
Sep-98	1.4	1.9
Dec-98	1.5	1.7
Mar-99	1.2	1.7
Jun-99	1.0	1.7
Sep-99	1.8	2.1
Dec-99	1.9	2.3
Mar-00	2.8	2.5
Jun-00	3.1	2.6
Sep-00	6.1	2.4
Dec-00	5.8	2.4
Mar-01	6.0	2.7
Jun-01	6.1	3.0
Sep-01	2.5	3.1
Dec-01	3.1	3.3
Mar-02	3.0	3.1
Jun-02	2.8	3.0
Sep-02	3.2	2.9
Dec-02	2.9	2.8
Mar-03	3.3	2.9
Jun-03	2.6	2.8
Sep-03	2.6	2.8
Dec-03	2.4	2.7
Mar-04	2.0	2.6
Jun-04	2.5	2.6
Sep-04	2.3	2.6
Dec-04	2.5	2.7
Mar-05	2.4	2.7
Jun-05	2.5	2.7
Sep-05	3.1	2.7
Dec-05	2.8	2.6
Mar-06	2.9	2.8
Jun-06	4.0	3.0
Sep-06	4.0	3.1
Dec-06	3.3	3.0
Mar-07	2.5	2.7
Jun-07	2.1	2.8
Sep-07	1.8	2.9
Dec-07	2.9	3.6
Mar-08	4.3	4.2
Jun-08	4.4	4.4
Sep-08	5.0	4.8
Dec-08	3.7	4.3
Mar-09	2.4	4.1
Jun-09	1.4	3.6
Sep-09	1.2	3.1
Dec-09	2.1	3.2
Mar-10	2.9	3.1
Jun-10	3.1	2.8
Sep-10	2.9	2.6
Dec-10	2.8	2.2
Mar-11	3.3	2.2
Jun-11	3.5	2.7
Sep-11	3.4	2.5
Dec-11	3.0	2.7
Mar-12	1.6	2.3
Jun-12	1.2	2.0
Sep-12	2.0	2.3
Dec-12	2.2	2.2
Mar-13	2.5	2.3
Jun-13	2.4	2.4
Sep-13	2.2	2.4
Dec-13	2.7	2.7
Mar-14	2.9	2.7
Jun-14	3.0	2.8
Sep-14	2.3	2.4
Dec-14	1.7	2.2
Mar-15	1.3	2.3
Jun-15	1.5	2.2
Sep-15	1.5	2.1
Dec-15	1.7	2.1
Mar-16	1.3	1.7
Jun-16	1.0	1.6
Sep-16	1.3	1.6
Dec-16	1.5	1.5
Mar-17	2.1	1.7
Jun-17	1.9	1.7
Sep-17	1.8	1.7
Dec-17	1.9	1.7
Mar-18	1.9	1.7
Jun-18	2.1	1.7
Sep-18	1.9	1.7
Dec-18	1.8	1.8
Mar-19	1.3	1.6
Jun-19	1.6	1.5
Sep-19	1.7	1.5
Dec-19	1.8	1.5
Mar-20	2.2	1.7
Jun-20	-0.3	1.2
Sep-20	0.7	1.2
Dec-20	0.9	1.2
Mar-21	1.1	1.1
Jun-21	3.8	1.6
Sep-21	3.0	2.1
Dec-21	3.5	2.6
Mar-22	5.1	3.8
Jun-22	6.1	5.0
Sep-22	7.3	6.1
Dec-22	7.8	6.8
Mar-23	7.0	6.5
Jun-23	6.0	5.8
Sep-23	5.4	5.1
Dec-23	4.1	4.2

All groups CPI and Trimmed mean, Australia, annual movement (%)

["","All groups CPI","Trimmed mean"]

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1000000000000001],[1.7],[1.6000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[1.5],[1.7],[1.7],[1.7],[1.7],[1.7],[1.7],[1.7],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[1.5],[1.5],[1.5],[1.7],[1.2],[1.2],[1.2],[1.1000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[3.7999999999999998],[5],[6.0999999999999996],[6.7999999999999998],[6.5],[5.7999999999999998],[5.0999999999999996],[4.2000000000000002]]]

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Goods and Services annual inflation both lower

This is the fifth consecutive quarter of lower annual inflation for goods, down from the peak of 9.6 per cent in September 2022 quarter. Annual inflation for most goods eased in the December 2023 quarter, with some goods seeing deflation, where prices are lower compared to 12 months ago, such as clothing, footwear, furniture and household appliances. Annual services inflation eased for the second consecutive quarter, down from the peak of 6.3 per cent in the June 2023 quarter.

CPI, Goods and Services components, annual movement (%)
	Goods (%)	Services (%)
Dec-13	2.0	3.7
Mar-14	2.7	3.3
Jun-14	2.9	3.3
Sep-14	1.9	2.8
Dec-14	1.0	2.7
Mar-15	0	3.1
Jun-15	0.7	2.7
Sep-15	0.6	2.7
Dec-15	1.2	2.4
Mar-16	0.9	1.9
Jun-16	0.3	2.0
Sep-16	1.0	1.8
Dec-16	1.3	1.7
Mar-17	2.5	1.6
Jun-17	2.0	1.8
Sep-17	1.8	1.8
Dec-17	2.2	1.7
Mar-18	2.0	2.0
Jun-18	2.3	1.8
Sep-18	2.2	1.6
Dec-18	1.7	1.7
Mar-19	1.3	1.3
Jun-19	1.5	1.4
Sep-19	1.5	1.8
Dec-19	1.9	1.8
Mar-20	2.7	1.8
Jun-20	1.3	-2.2
Sep-20	1.8	-0.6
Dec-20	1.1	0.8
Mar-21	1.1	1.1
Jun-21	2.8	5.1
Sep-21	2.8	3.5
Dec-21	4.3	2.3
Mar-22	6.6	3.0
Jun-22	8.4	3.3
Sep-22	9.6	4.1
Dec-22	9.5	5.5
Mar-23	7.6	6.1
Jun-23	5.8	6.3
Sep-23	4.9	5.8
Dec-23	3.8	4.6

End of free child care
Free child care

CPI, Goods and Services components, annual movement (%)

["","Goods","Services"]

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Non-tradables inflation remains high

Non-tradables include goods and services that are mostly influenced by domestic factors. Annual inflation for Non-tradables remains elevated at 5.4 per cent due to price rises for new dwellings, rents, insurance and electricity.

Annual inflation for Tradables is significantly lower at 1.5 per cent compared to when it peaked in 2022 at 8.7 per cent. Deflation, where prices are lower compared to 12 months ago, has been seen in imported goods including clothing, footwear, furniture and household appliances.

Tradable & Non-tradable, annual movement (%)
	Tradables	Non-tradables
Dec-13	1.0	3.7
Mar-14	2.6	3.1
Jun-14	2.9	3.1
Sep-14	2.0	2.4
Dec-14	0.7	2.3
Mar-15	-0.9	2.6
Jun-15	-0.3	2.6
Sep-15	-0.3	2.6
Dec-15	0.8	2.3
Mar-16	0.6	1.7
Jun-16	0.0	1.6
Sep-16	0.7	1.7
Dec-16	0.1	2.1
Mar-17	1.3	2.6
Jun-17	0.4	2.7
Sep-17	-0.9	3.2
Dec-17	-0.3	3.1
Mar-18	-0.5	3.1
Jun-18	0.3	3.0
Sep-18	1.4	2.2
Dec-18	0.6	2.4
Mar-19	0.4	1.8
Jun-19	1.1	1.8
Sep-19	1.2	1.9
Dec-19	1.7	2.0
Mar-20	2.1	2.3
Jun-20	-0.5	-0.2
Sep-20	0.0	1.0
Dec-20	-0.6	1.5
Mar-21	0.7	1.3
Jun-21	3.6	4.0
Sep-21	3.1	3.2
Dec-21	4.9	2.8
Mar-22	6.8	4.2
Jun-22	8.0	5.3
Sep-22	8.7	6.5
Dec-22	8.7	7.4
Mar-23	6.1	7.5
Jun-23	4.4	6.9
Sep-23	3.7	6.2
Dec-23	1.5	5.4

Tradable & Non-tradable, annual movement (%)

["","Tradables","Non-tradables"]

[["Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23"],[[1],[2.6000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[2],[0.69999999999999996],[-0.90000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0],[0.69999999999999996],[0.10000000000000001],[1.3],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.90000000000000002],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.5],[0.29999999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[0.40000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[1.2],[1.7],[2.1000000000000001],[-0.5],[0],[-0.59999999999999998],[0.69999999999999996],[3.6000000000000001],[3.1000000000000001],[4.9000000000000004],[6.7999999999999998],[8],[8.6999999999999993],[8.6999999999999993],[6.0999999999999996],[4.4000000000000004],[3.7000000000000002],[1.5]],[[3.7000000000000002],[3.1000000000000001],[3.1000000000000001],[2.3999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[2.6000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[2.2999999999999998],[1.7],[1.6000000000000001],[1.7],[2.1000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[3.2000000000000002],[3.1000000000000001],[3.1000000000000001],[3],[2.2000000000000002],[2.3999999999999999],[1.8],[1.8],[1.8999999999999999],[2],[2.2999999999999998],[-0.20000000000000001],[1],[1.5],[1.3],[4],[3.2000000000000002],[2.7999999999999998],[4.2000000000000002],[5.2999999999999998],[6.5],[7.4000000000000004],[7.5],[6.9000000000000004],[6.2000000000000002],[5.4000000000000004]]]

[]

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Rental price growth remains above 7 per cent over the past 12 months

Rental prices rose 7.3 per cent annually, slightly lower than the 7.6 per cent annual rise in the September 2023 quarter. Continued growth in rental prices reflects low vacancy rates and a tight rental market.

Rental prices for the quarter rose 0.9 per cent following a 2.2 per cent increase in the September quarter. The rate of quarterly and annual growth in rents this quarter was moderated by increases in Commonwealth Rent Assistance.

Changes to Commonwealth Rent Assistance

From 20 September 2023, the maximum rate available for Commonwealth Rent Assistance (CRA) increased by 15 per cent in addition to the biannual CPI indexation that applies in March and September each year.

The September quarter results showed a partial impact of the CRA changes. Rents rose 2.2 per cent in the September 2023 quarter. Excluding the changes to CRA, rents would have increased by 2.5 per cent.

The remaining impact is reflected in the December 2023 quarter. Rents rose 0.9 per cent in the December 2023 quarter with the increase moderated by changes to Commonwealth Rent Assistance. Excluding the changes to CRA, rents would have increased by 2.2 per cent in the December quarter 2023.

Rents, annual movement (%)
Rents, annual movement (%)	Sydney (%)	Melbourne (%)	Brisbane (%)	Australia (%)
Dec-00	4.0	2.8	1.9	3.1
Mar-01	4.3	2.5	1.9	3.2
Jun-01	4.2	2.6	2.2	3.2
Sep-01	4.0	2.7	1.9	3.0
Dec-01	3.8	3.0	1.9	3.1
Mar-02	2.7	3.0	2.2	2.8
Jun-02	2.5	2.7	2.3	2.6
Sep-02	1.9	2.4	3.0	2.4
Dec-02	1.5	2.1	3.0	2.1
Mar-03	1.2	1.7	3.5	1.8
Jun-03	0.4	1.7	3.6	1.6
Sep-03	1.2	1.4	3.4	1.8
Dec-03	1.5	1.6	4.3	2.2
Mar-04	2.0	1.6	4.3	2.5
Jun-04	2.2	1.6	4.6	2.6
Sep-04	1.4	2.0	4.7	2.6
Dec-04	1.4	1.6	4.2	2.3
Mar-05	1.1	1.6	4.3	2.2
Jun-05	1.4	1.5	4.2	2.1
Sep-05	1.7	1.1	4.9	2.1
Dec-05	1.8	1.1	5.5	2.4
Mar-06	2.3	1.2	5.9	2.8
Jun-06	2.0	1.4	6.2	2.9
Sep-06	2.4	2.2	5.7	3.5
Dec-06	2.8	2.8	5.3	3.7
Mar-07	3.3	3.5	5.8	4.4
Jun-07	4.3	4.2	6.5	5.2
Sep-07	4.9	4.6	8.0	5.8
Dec-07	5.4	5.4	8.5	6.5
Mar-08	6.0	5.7	9.2	7.0
Jun-08	7.1	6.1	9.3	7.8
Sep-08	7.4	6.4	9.9	8.1
Dec-08	8.1	6.5	10.1	8.4
Mar-09	7.9	6.6	9.2	8.1
Jun-09	7.0	6.1	8.1	7.2
Sep-09	6.8	5.3	6.0	6.2
Dec-09	5.7	4.9	4.9	5.2
Mar-10	5.1	4.4	4.0	4.7
Jun-10	4.8	4.1	3.8	4.3
Sep-10	4.8	4.4	3.3	4.2
Dec-10	5.1	3.8	3.0	4.3
Mar-11	5.7	4.2	3.0	4.5
Jun-11	5.9	3.9	2.6	4.5
Sep-11	6.1	4.1	2.8	4.7
Dec-11	6.2	4.0	2.9	4.7
Mar-12	5.7	3.4	2.9	4.5
Jun-12	5.5	3.6	2.8	4.4
Sep-12	4.8	2.6	2.7	4.0
Dec-12	4.4	2.5	2.7	3.7
Mar-13	4.0	2.3	2.5	3.5
Jun-13	3.9	1.8	2.3	3.4
Sep-13	3.6	2.1	2.2	3.2
Dec-13	3.4	2.0	2.1	3.0
Mar-14	3.3	1.9	2.2	2.9
Jun-14	3.0	1.7	2.2	2.4
Sep-14	3.2	1.9	2.1	2.5
Dec-14	3.2	2.4	2.0	2.4
Mar-15	2.9	2.5	1.6	2.1
Jun-15	2.5	2.6	1.4	1.9
Sep-15	2.5	2.2	1.1	1.5
Dec-15	2.3	1.7	1.0	1.2
Mar-16	2.3	1.4	0.7	0.9
Jun-16	2.2	1.4	0.5	0.7
Sep-16	2.5	1.4	0.6	0.7
Dec-16	2.5	1.6	0.2	0.6
Mar-17	2.5	1.7	0.3	0.6
Jun-17	2.5	1.7	0	0.6
Sep-17	2.3	1.8	-0.4	0.5
Dec-17	2.4	1.8	-0.4	0.7
Mar-18	2.4	2.2	-0.5	0.8
Jun-18	2.2	1.9	-0.5	0.6
Sep-18	1.9	1.8	-0.1	0.6
Dec-18	1.4	1.8	0	0.5
Mar-19	0.7	1.6	0.2	0.4
Jun-19	0.3	1.7	0.3	0.4
Sep-19	-0.2	1.7	0.2	0.4
Dec-19	-0.8	1.7	0.3	0.2
Mar-20	-1.0	1.5	0.3	0.2
Jun-20	-3.0	0.1	-0.4	-1.2
Sep-20	-3.1	-0.7	-0.6	-1.4
Dec-20	-2.8	-1.0	-0.3	-1.3
Mar-21	-2.9	-1.4	0.2	-1.4
Jun-21	-1.5	-0.8	1.7	0
Sep-21	-1.6	-0.7	2.8	0.4
Dec-21	-1.9	-1.1	3.0	0.4
Mar-22	-1.2	-0.9	3.7	1.0
Jun-22	-0.3	-0.2	4.0	1.6
Sep-22	1.6	1.2	4.8	2.8
Dec-22	3.3	2.2	6.0	4.0
Mar-23	4.8	3.1	7.0	4.9
Jun-23	7.3	5.0	8.9	6.7
Sep-23	8.6	5.8	9.5	7.6
Dec-23	8.5	6.0	8.4	7.3

Rents, annual movement (%)

["Rents, annual movement (%)","Sydney","Melbourne","Brisbane","Australia"]

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99999999],[0],[-0.40000000000000002],[-0.40000000000000002],[-0.5],[-0.5],[-0.10000000000000001],[0],[0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.40000000000000002],[-0.59999999999999998],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[1.7],[2.7999999999999998],[3],[3.7000000000000002],[4],[4.7999999999999998],[6],[7],[8.9000000000000004],[9.5],[8.4000000000000004]],[[3.1000000000000001],[3.2000000000000002],[3.2000000000000002],[3],[3.1000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[2.6000000000000001],[2.3999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[1.8],[2.2000000000000002],[2.5],[2.6000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[2.2999999999999998],[2.2000000000000002],[2.1000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[2.3999999999999999],[2.7999999999999998],[2.8999999999999999],[3.5],[3.7000000000000002],[4.4000000000000004],[5.2000000000000002],[5.7999999999999998],[6.5],[7],[7.7999999999999998],[8.0999999999999996],[8.4000000000000004],[8.0999999999999996],[7.2000000000000002],[6.2000000000000002],[5.2000000000000002],[4.7000000000000002],[4.2999999999999998],[4.2000000000000002],[4.2999999999999998],[4.5],[4.5],[4.7000000000000002],[4.7000000000000002],[4.5],[4.4000000000000004],[4],[3.7000000000000002],[3.5],[3.3999999999999999],[3.2000000000000002],[3],[2.8999999999999999],[2.3999999999999999],[2.5],[2.3999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.5],[1.2],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.69999999999999996],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[-1.2],[-1.3999999999999999],[-1.3],[-1.3999999999999999],[0],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[1],[1.6000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[4],[4.9000000000000004],[6.7000000000000002],[7.5999999999999996],[7.2999999999999998]]]

[]

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Electricity price rises ease in the December quarter

Electricity prices rose 1.4 per cent in the December 2023 quarter, compared to a rise of 4.2 per cent in the September quarter. Over the past 12 months, electricity prices have increased 6.9 per cent, down from the increase of 14.5 per cent in the 12 months to September.

The introduction of the Energy Bill Relief Fund rebates from July 2023 has moderated the increase in electricity bills for households. Electricity prices have risen 5.7 per cent since the June 2023 quarter. Excluding the Energy Bill Relief rebates, electricity prices would have increased 17.6 per cent over this period.

The following graph shows the introduction of various electricity rebates and the impact these changes had on the electricity series in the CPI.

Electricity Index, Australia
	Excluding Government Electricity Rebates	Including Government Electricity Rebates
Jun-22	100	100
Sep-22	115.6	103.2
Dec-22	115.6	112.1
Mar-23	115.4	115.5
Jun-23	113.3	113.4
Sep-23	134.4	118.1
Dec-23	133.2	119.8

Introduction of the WA $400 household electricity credit, ACT $50 rebate for concession households and QLD $175 Cost of Living rebate
Introduction of the TAS $199 Winter Bill Buster electricity credit
Introduction of the Energy Bill Relief Fund rebates

Electricity Index, Australia

["","Excluding Government Electricity Rebates","Including Government Electricity Rebates"]

[["Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23"],[[100],[115.59999999999999],[115.59999999999999],[115.40000000000001],[113.3],[134.40000000000001],[133.19999999999999]],[[100],[103.2],[112.09999999999999],[115.5],[113.40000000000001],[118.09999999999999],[119.8]]]

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Strongest annual growth in insurance premiums since 2001

Insurance prices rose 16.2 per cent in the 12 months to the December 2023 quarter, which is the strongest annual rise since March 2001. Higher reinsurance, natural disaster and claims costs contributed to higher premiums for house, home contents and motor vehicle insurance.

Insurance, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous period	Annual change
Dec-99	6.3	9.9
Mar-00	8.2	19.8
Jun-00	9.7	30.8
Sep-00	5.0	32.4
Dec-00	0.8	25.6
Mar-01	1.8	18.3
Jun-01	1.5	9.4
Sep-01	2.8	7.1
Dec-01	-0.2	6.0
Mar-02	2.7	6.9
Jun-02	0.5	5.8
Sep-02	1.4	4.4
Dec-02	0.3	4.9
Mar-03	-0.2	2.0
Jun-03	0	1.5
Sep-03	1.5	1.7
Dec-03	-0.1	1.2
Mar-04	0.9	2.3
Jun-04	-0.4	1.8
Sep-04	1.0	1.3
Dec-04	0.1	1.6
Mar-05	0.6	1.3
Jun-05	1.2	3.0
Sep-05	1.1	3.1
Dec-05	0.9	3.8
Mar-06	0.7	3.9
Jun-06	1.0	3.7
Sep-06	2.1	4.7
Dec-06	-0.5	3.2
Mar-07	0	2.5
Jun-07	0.7	2.2
Sep-07	1.1	1.2
Dec-07	1.2	3.0
Mar-08	2.0	5.0
Jun-08	2.6	7.0
Sep-08	2.9	9.0
Dec-08	1.6	9.4
Mar-09	2.9	10.4
Jun-09	1.3	9.0
Sep-09	2.7	8.7
Dec-09	1.4	8.5
Mar-10	1.6	7.1
Jun-10	-0.5	5.1
Sep-10	1.9	4.3
Dec-10	0.5	3.5
Mar-11	1.2	3.1
Jun-11	1.6	5.3
Sep-11	2.8	6.3
Dec-11	1.3	7.1
Mar-12	1.4	7.4
Jun-12	1.3	7.0
Sep-12	2.6	6.8
Dec-12	2.9	8.5
Mar-13	1.9	9.0
Jun-13	-0.1	7.5
Sep-13	-0.7	4.0
Dec-13	-0.1	1.0
Mar-14	0.3	-0.6
Jun-14	-1.3	-1.8
Sep-14	0.7	-0.4
Dec-14	1.3	1.0
Mar-15	0.4	1.1
Jun-15	0.3	2.7
Sep-15	1.1	3.0
Dec-15	2.1	3.8
Mar-16	1.7	5.2
Jun-16	1.4	6.3
Sep-16	2.5	7.8
Dec-16	2.0	7.7
Mar-17	0.8	6.8
Jun-17	-1.0	4.3
Sep-17	1.9	3.7
Dec-17	1.8	3.5
Mar-18	0.6	3.3
Jun-18	0.9	5.4
Sep-18	0.7	4.2
Dec-18	0.6	2.9
Mar-19	-0.3	2.0
Jun-19	0.1	1.1
Sep-19	0.5	0.9
Dec-19	0.4	0.7
Mar-20	0.7	1.7
Jun-20	0.8	2.4
Sep-20	0.5	2.4
Dec-20	0.7	2.7
Mar-21	0.4	2.3
Jun-21	1.3	2.9
Sep-21	1.2	3.6
Dec-21	0.4	3.4
Mar-22	1.1	4.2
Jun-22	0.3	3.1
Sep-22	2.3	4.2
Dec-22	2.5	6.3
Mar-23	3.5	8.8
Jun-23	5.3	14.2
Sep-23	2.8	14.7
Dec-23	3.8	16.2

Insurance, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)

["","Change from previous period","Annual change"]

[["Dec-99","Mar-00","Jun-00","Sep-00","Dec-00","Mar-01","Jun-01","Sep-01","Dec-01","Mar-02","Jun-02","Sep-02","Dec-02","Mar-03","Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23"],[[6.2999999999999998],[8.1999999999999993],[9.6999999999999993],[5],[0.80000000000000004],[1.8],[1.5],[2.7999999999999998],[-0.20000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[0.5],[1.3999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.20000000000000001],[0],[1.5],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[-0.40000000000000002],[1],[0.10000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[1.2],[1.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[1],[2.1000000000000001],[-0.5],[0],[0.69999999999999996],[1.1000000000000001],[1.2],[2],[2.6000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[1.3],[2.7000000000000002],[1.3999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[-0.5],[1.8999999999999999],[0.5],[1.2],[1.6000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[1.3],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3],[2.6000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.69999999999999996],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[-1.3],[0.69999999999999996],[1.3],[0.40000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[1.7],[1.3999999999999999],[2.5],[2],[0.80000000000000004],[-1],[1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[0.59999999999999998],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.59999999999999998],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.80000000000000004],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.40000000000000002],[1.3],[1.2],[0.40000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[2.5],[3.5],[5.2999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[3.7999999999999998]],[[9.9000000000000004],[19.800000000000001],[30.800000000000001],[32.399999999999999],[25.600000000000001],[18.300000000000001],[9.4000000000000004],[7.0999999999999996],[6],[6.9000000000000004],[5.7999999999999998],[4.4000000000000004],[4.9000000000000004],[2],[1.5],[1.7],[1.2],[2.2999999999999998],[1.8],[1.3],[1.6000000000000001],[1.3],[3],[3.1000000000000001],[3.7999999999999998],[3.8999999999999999],[3.7000000000000002],[4.7000000000000002],[3.2000000000000002],[2.5],[2.2000000000000002],[1.2],[3],[5],[7],[9],[9.4000000000000004],[10.4],[9],[8.6999999999999993],[8.5],[7.0999999999999996],[5.0999999999999996],[4.2999999999999998],[3.5],[3.1000000000000001],[5.2999999999999998],[6.2999999999999998],[7.0999999999999996],[7.4000000000000004],[7],[6.7999999999999998],[8.5],[9],[7.5],[4],[1],[-0.59999999999999998],[-1.8],[-0.40000000000000002],[1],[1.1000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[3],[3.7999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002],[6.2999999999999998],[7.7999999999999998],[7.7000000000000002],[6.7999999999999998],[4.2999999999999998],[3.7000000000000002],[3.5],[3.2999999999999998],[5.4000000000000004],[4.2000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[2],[1.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[1.7],[2.3999999999999999],[2.3999999999999999],[2.7000000000000002],[2.2999999999999998],[2.8999999999999999],[3.6000000000000001],[3.3999999999999999],[4.2000000000000002],[3.1000000000000001],[4.2000000000000002],[6.2999999999999998],[8.8000000000000007],[14.199999999999999],[14.699999999999999],[16.199999999999999]]]

[]

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New dwellings annual price growth steady at 5 per cent

Annual growth in new dwelling prices remained steady at 5.1 per cent in the December 2023 quarter, however, is significantly down from the peak of 20.7 per cent in September 2022. The moderation in annual price growth over the past 12 months reflects subdued new demand and building materials cost increases easing.

New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter (%)	Annual change (%)
Dec-99	3.2	7.9
Mar-00	1.6	7.9
Jun-00	0.5	7.5
Sep-00	8.1	13.9
Dec-00	0.3	10.7
Mar-01	0.1	9.1
Jun-01	-0.3	8.2
Sep-01	0.9	1.0
Dec-01	1.0	1.8
Mar-02	0.9	2.5
Jun-02	1.0	3.8
Sep-02	1.0	3.9
Dec-02	0.7	3.6
Mar-03	1.5	4.3
Jun-03	1.9	5.2
Sep-03	1.7	6.0
Dec-03	1.1	6.4
Mar-04	1.0	5.9
Jun-04	1.4	5.4
Sep-04	1.1	4.7
Dec-04	1.5	5.2
Mar-05	1.4	5.5
Jun-05	0.9	5.0
Sep-05	1.2	5.0
Dec-05	0.8	4.3
Mar-06	0.4	3.3
Jun-06	1.1	3.5
Sep-06	0.2	2.5
Dec-06	0.5	2.1
Mar-07	1.0	2.8
Jun-07	0.9	2.7
Sep-07	1.0	3.5
Dec-07	1.4	4.4
Mar-08	1.7	5.1
Jun-08	1.0	5.1
Sep-08	1.3	5.4
Dec-08	0.2	4.2
Mar-09	-0.5	2.0
Jun-09	0.9	1.8
Sep-09	1.1	1.6
Dec-09	0.9	2.4
Mar-10	1.3	4.2
Jun-10	0.5	3.8
Sep-10	0.5	3.3
Dec-10	0.7	3.0
Mar-11	0.8	2.6
Jun-11	0.4	2.5
Sep-11	-0.1	1.8
Dec-11	0.3	1.4
Mar-12	-0.1	0.5
Jun-12	0.1	0.2
Sep-12	0.9	1.2
Dec-12	0.1	1.0
Mar-13	1.7	2.8
Jun-13	0.9	3.6
Sep-13	0.5	3.2
Dec-13	1.0	4.1
Mar-14	0.1	2.4
Jun-14	1.6	3.2
Sep-14	1.1	3.8
Dec-14	1.1	4.0
Mar-15	0.9	4.8
Jun-15	1.5	4.8
Sep-15	0.7	4.3
Dec-15	0.1	3.3
Mar-16	0.2	2.5
Jun-16	0.9	1.9
Sep-16	0.4	1.6
Dec-16	0.5	2.0
Mar-17	1.0	2.8
Jun-17	0.9	2.8
Sep-17	0.8	3.1
Dec-17	0.6	3.2
Mar-18	0.5	2.7
Jun-18	0.8	2.7
Sep-18	0.1	2.0
Dec-18	0.4	1.8
Mar-19	-0.2	1.2
Jun-19	-0.2	0.2
Sep-19	-0.2	-0.1
Dec-19	0.4	-0.1
Mar-20	0.4	0.5
Jun-20	0.1	0.7
Sep-20	0.5	1.4
Dec-20	0.7	1.7
Mar-21	-0.1	1.2
Jun-21	-0.1	1.0
Sep-21	3.3	3.8
Dec-21	4.2	7.5
Mar-22	5.7	13.7
Jun-22	5.6	20.3
Sep-22	3.7	20.7
Dec-22	1.7	17.8
Mar-23	1.2	12.7
Jun-23	1.0	7.8
Sep-23	1.3	5.2
Dec-23	1.5	5.1

GST Introducted

New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers, Australia, quarterly and annual movement (%)

["","Change from previous quarter","Annual change"]

[["Dec-99","Mar-00","Jun-00","Sep-00","Dec-00","Mar-01","Jun-01","Sep-01","Dec-01","Mar-02","Jun-02","Sep-02","Dec-02","Mar-03","Jun-03","Sep-03","Dec-03","Mar-04","Jun-04","Sep-04","Dec-04","Mar-05","Jun-05","Sep-05","Dec-05","Mar-06","Jun-06","Sep-06","Dec-06","Mar-07","Jun-07","Sep-07","Dec-07","Mar-08","Jun-08","Sep-08","Dec-08","Mar-09","Jun-09","Sep-09","Dec-09","Mar-10","Jun-10","Sep-10","Dec-10","Mar-11","Jun-11","Sep-11","Dec-11","Mar-12","Jun-12","Sep-12","Dec-12","Mar-13","Jun-13","Sep-13","Dec-13","Mar-14","Jun-14","Sep-14","Dec-14","Mar-15","Jun-15","Sep-15","Dec-15","Mar-16","Jun-16","Sep-16","Dec-16","Mar-17","Jun-17","Sep-17","Dec-17","Mar-18","Jun-18","Sep-18","Dec-18","Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23"],[[3.2000000000000002],[1.6000000000000001],[0.5],[8.0999999999999996],[0.29999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.90000000000000002],[1],[0.90000000000000002],[1],[1],[0.69999999999999996],[1.5],[1.8999999999999999],[1.7],[1.1000000000000001],[1],[1.3999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[1.5],[1.3999999999999999],[0.90000000000000002],[1.2],[0.80000000000000004],[0.40000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.5],[1],[0.90000000000000002],[1],[1.3999999999999999],[1.7],[1],[1.3],[0.20000000000000001],[-0.5],[0.90000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[1.3],[0.5],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.80000000000000004],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.10000000000000001],[1.7],[0.90000000000000002],[0.5],[1],[0.10000000000000001],[1.6000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[1.5],[0.69999999999999996],[0.10000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[1],[0.90000000000000002],[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[0.80000000000000004],[0.10000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[-0.20000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.10000000000000001],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[3.2999999999999998],[4.2000000000000002],[5.7000000000000002],[5.5999999999999996],[3.7000000000000002],[1.7],[1.2],[1],[1.3],[1.5]],[[7.9000000000000004],[7.9000000000000004],[7.5],[13.9],[10.699999999999999],[9.0999999999999996],[8.1999999999999993],[1],[1.8],[2.5],[3.7999999999999998],[3.8999999999999999],[3.6000000000000001],[4.2999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002],[6],[6.4000000000000004],[5.9000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[4.7000000000000002],[5.2000000000000002],[5.5],[5],[5],[4.2999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[3.5],[2.5],[2.1000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7000000000000002],[3.5],[4.4000000000000004],[5.0999999999999996],[5.0999999999999996],[5.4000000000000004],[4.2000000000000002],[2],[1.8],[1.6000000000000001],[2.3999999999999999],[4.2000000000000002],[3.7999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[3],[2.6000000000000001],[2.5],[1.8],[1.3999999999999999],[0.5],[0.20000000000000001],[1.2],[1],[2.7999999999999998],[3.6000000000000001],[3.2000000000000002],[4.0999999999999996],[2.3999999999999999],[3.2000000000000002],[3.7999999999999998],[4],[4.7999999999999998],[4.7999999999999998],[4.2999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[2.5],[1.8999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[2],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[3.1000000000000001],[3.2000000000000002],[2.7000000000000002],[2.7000000000000002],[2],[1.8],[1.2],[0.20000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.5],[0.69999999999999996],[1.3999999999999999],[1.7],[1.2],[1],[3.7999999999999998],[7.5],[13.699999999999999],[20.300000000000001],[20.699999999999999],[17.800000000000001],[12.699999999999999],[7.7999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002],[5.0999999999999996]]]

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Annual food inflation eases for the fourth quarter in a row

Annual food inflation eased to 4.5 per cent in the December quarter, down from 4.8 per cent in September quarter and the peak of 9.2 per cent in December 2022. Price rises have been lower across all food categories, while fruit and vegetable prices fell 0.2 per cent compared to 12 months ago. Meat and seafood prices showed no change compared to 12 months ago, with price falls in lamb and goat of 15.0 per cent and beef and veal of 4.5 per cent offsetting price rises in chicken, pork and seafood.

Grocery products, annual movement (%)
	Dec-22 (%)	Mar-23 (%)	Jun-23 (%)	Sep-23 (%)	Dec-23 (%)
Food and non-alcoholic beverages	9.2	8.0	7.5	4.8	4.5
Bread and cereal products	12.2	11.8	11.6	9.7	8.2
Meat and seafoods	8.2	4.1	3.5	2.2	0
Dairy and related products	14.9	14.9	15.2	10.2	6.4
Fruit and vegetables	8.5	4.9	1.6	-6.4	-0.2
Food products n.e.c	11.0	11.3	11.3	7.4	6.5
Non alcoholic beverages	10.5	7.8	8.6	5.5	5.3

Grocery products, annual movement (%)

["","Dec-22","Mar-23","Jun-23","Sep-23","Dec-23"]

[["Food and non-alcoholic beverages","Bread and cereal products","Meat and seafoods","Dairy and related products","Fruit and vegetables","Food products n.e.c","Non alcoholic beverages"],[[9.1999999999999993],[12.199999999999999],[8.1999999999999993],[14.9],[8.5],[11],[10.5]],[[8],[11.800000000000001],[4.0999999999999996],[14.9],[4.9000000000000004],[11.300000000000001],[7.7999999999999998]],[[7.5],[11.6],[3.5],[15.199999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[11.300000000000001],[8.5999999999999996]],[[4.7999999999999998],[9.6999999999999993],[2.2000000000000002],[10.199999999999999],[-6.4000000000000004],[7.4000000000000004],[5.5]],[[4.5],[8.1999999999999993],[0],[6.4000000000000004],[-0.20000000000000001],[6.5],[5.2999999999999998]]]

[]

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Prices for unleaded petrol were volatile over the quarter

Automotive fuel prices fell 0.2 per cent in the December quarter. Average unleaded petrol prices were volatile over the quarter, from a high of $2.13 per litre in early October, to a low of $1.78 per litre in mid-December.

Average price of unleaded petrol (91 octane), cents per litre
	Unleaded Petrol: Daily Average (Cents per litre)	Unleaded Petrol: Quarterly Average (Cents per litre)
Dec20	121.94	123.17
Dec20	119.99	123.17
Dec20	117.63	123.17
Dec20	116.02	123.17
Dec20	114.17	123.17
Dec20	115.26	123.17
Dec20	122.57	123.17
Dec20	122.48	123.17
Dec20	120.71	123.17
Dec20	117.84	123.17
Dec20	117.50	123.17
Dec20	118.85	123.17
Dec20	118.37	123.17
Dec20	126.17	123.17
Dec20	124.92	123.17
Dec20	123.04	123.17
Dec20	120.14	123.17
Dec20	121.87	123.17
Dec20	123.30	123.17
Dec20	122.97	123.17
Dec20	131.65	123.17
Dec20	131.43	123.17
Dec20	127.37	123.17
Dec20	124.78	123.17
Dec20	123.11	123.17
Dec20	121.75	123.17
Dec20	119.18	123.17
Dec20	125.86	123.17
Dec20	124.01	123.17
Dec20	120.98	123.17
Dec20	119.57	123.17
Dec20	116.62	123.17
Dec20	114.70	123.17
Dec20	112.18	123.17
Dec20	120.39	123.17
Dec20	118.89	123.17
Dec20	117.06	123.17
Dec20	115.65	123.17
Dec20	114.90	123.17
Dec20	115.01	123.17
Dec20	116.47	123.17
Dec20	125.17	123.17
Dec20	126.12	123.17
Dec20	124.32	123.17
Dec20	121.56	123.17
Dec20	120.69	123.17
Dec20	120.57	123.17
Dec20	121.64	123.17
Dec20	129.07	123.17
Dec20	129.17	123.17
Dec20	127.51	123.17
Dec20	123.68	123.17
Dec20	122.14	123.17
Dec20	121.20	123.17
Dec20	119.69	123.17
Dec20	124.75	123.17
Dec20	122.62	123.17
Dec20	119.97	123.17
Dec20	116.95	123.17
Dec20	120.33	123.17
Dec20	120.29	123.17
Dec20	119.20	123.17
Dec20	125.02	123.17
Dec20	123.48	123.17
Dec20	122.09	123.17
Dec20	120.39	123.17
Dec20	119.44	123.17
Dec20	119.59	123.17
Dec20	119.57	123.17
Dec20	127.08	123.17
Dec20	125.92	123.17
Dec20	126.70	123.17
Dec20	125.59	123.17
Dec20	127.90	123.17
Dec20	127.78	123.17
Dec20	127.66	123.17
Dec20	136.20	123.17
Dec20	134.82	123.17
Dec20	133.39	123.17
Dec20	131.18	123.17
Dec20	130.61	123.17
Dec20	131.14	123.17
Dec20	129.12	123.17
Dec20	135.81	123.17
Dec20	133.32	123.17
Dec20	129.57	123.17
Dec20	126.49	123.17
Dec20	125.03	123.17
Dec20	124.33	123.17
Dec20	122.62	123.17
Dec20	128.67	123.17
Dec20	126.93	123.17
Mar21	124.05	134.65
Mar21	121.99	134.65
Mar21	121.91	134.65
Mar21	121.02	134.65
Mar21	119.77	134.65
Mar21	126.27	134.65
Mar21	124.62	134.65
Mar21	121.81	134.65
Mar21	118.93	134.65
Mar21	116.93	134.65
Mar21	115.33	134.65
Mar21	114.65	134.65
Mar21	122.98	134.65
Mar21	123.21	134.65
Mar21	122.80	134.65
Mar21	121.92	134.65
Mar21	124.08	134.65
Mar21	126.91	134.65
Mar21	130.31	134.65
Mar21	143.78	134.65
Mar21	145.93	134.65
Mar21	144.05	134.65
Mar21	140.15	134.65
Mar21	138.55	134.65
Mar21	138.38	134.65
Mar21	134.67	134.65
Mar21	142.97	134.65
Mar21	140.19	134.65
Mar21	136.35	134.65
Mar21	133.46	134.65
Mar21	133.08	134.65
Mar21	134.81	134.65
Mar21	133.30	134.65
Mar21	138.63	134.65
Mar21	136.33	134.65
Mar21	133.76	134.65
Mar21	130.69	134.65
Mar21	128.64	134.65
Mar21	126.19	134.65
Mar21	124.86	134.65
Mar21	131.19	134.65
Mar21	130.98	134.65
Mar21	129.67	134.65
Mar21	128.05	134.65
Mar21	128.99	134.65
Mar21	129.18	134.65
Mar21	128.79	134.65
Mar21	140.03	134.65
Mar21	137.74	134.65
Mar21	136.10	134.65
Mar21	133.23	134.65
Mar21	132.06	134.65
Mar21	133.44	134.65
Mar21	133.28	134.65
Mar21	140.37	134.65
Mar21	139.26	134.65
Mar21	137.11	134.65
Mar21	134.67	134.65
Mar21	134.37	134.65
Mar21	138.30	134.65
Mar21	139.88	134.65
Mar21	152.01	134.65
Mar21	150.21	134.65
Mar21	147.86	134.65
Mar21	145.24	134.65
Mar21	143.43	134.65
Mar21	140.28	134.65
Mar21	139.47	134.65
Mar21	147.05	134.65
Mar21	144.28	134.65
Mar21	141.38	134.65
Mar21	139.04	134.65
Mar21	139.73	134.65
Mar21	138.24	134.65
Mar21	137.56	134.65
Mar21	146.58	134.65
Mar21	144.61	134.65
Mar21	142.07	134.65
Mar21	138.98	134.65
Mar21	137.08	134.65
Mar21	135.86	134.65
Mar21	134.97	134.65
Mar21	143.23	134.65
Mar21	142.47	134.65
Mar21	140.59	134.65
Mar21	138.46	134.65
Mar21	138.92	134.65
Mar21	140.50	134.65
Mar21	140.49	134.65
Mar21	152.74	134.65
Jun21	152.77	143.59
Jun21	152.09	143.59
Jun21	150.28	143.59
Jun21	148.09	143.59
Jun21	146.88	143.59
Jun21	145.64	143.59
Jun21	152.89	143.59
Jun21	151.64	143.59
Jun21	149.68	143.59
Jun21	147.52	143.59
Jun21	146.02	143.59
Jun21	145.23	143.59
Jun21	143.01	143.59
Jun21	149.20	143.59
Jun21	145.88	143.59
Jun21	143.44	143.59
Jun21	140.61	143.59
Jun21	139.77	143.59
Jun21	138.65	143.59
Jun21	136.73	143.59
Jun21	143.31	143.59
Jun21	141.38	143.59
Jun21	139.83	143.59
Jun21	137.87	143.59
Jun21	138.18	143.59
Jun21	136.77	143.59
Jun21	136.25	143.59
Jun21	142.99	143.59
Jun21	141.75	143.59
Jun21	140.66	143.59
Jun21	138.01	143.59
Jun21	137.67	143.59
Jun21	139.11	143.59
Jun21	140.86	143.59
Jun21	147.93	143.59
Jun21	148.97	143.59
Jun21	147.31	143.59
Jun21	143.14	143.59
Jun21	142.23	143.59
Jun21	142.47	143.59
Jun21	144.56	143.59
Jun21	150.51	143.59
Jun21	148.79	143.59
Jun21	146.56	143.59
Jun21	144.04	143.59
Jun21	145.28	143.59
Jun21	144.36	143.59
Jun21	143.58	143.59
Jun21	149.83	143.59
Jun21	148.13	143.59
Jun21	144.78	143.59
Jun21	141.62	143.59
Jun21	140.28	143.59
Jun21	138.67	143.59
Jun21	137.47	143.59
Jun21	144.56	143.59
Jun21	142.93	143.59
Jun21	140.86	143.59
Jun21	138.34	143.59
Jun21	138.48	143.59
Jun21	139.07	143.59
Jun21	138.63	143.59
Jun21	148.28	143.59
Jun21	146.88	143.59
Jun21	145.12	143.59
Jun21	141.87	143.59
Jun21	141.37	143.59
Jun21	141.80	143.59
Jun21	141.23	143.59
Jun21	149.76	143.59
Jun21	147.83	143.59
Jun21	144.01	143.59
Jun21	140.15	143.59
Jun21	138.70	143.59
Jun21	138.86	143.59
Jun21	137.50	143.59
Jun21	145.33	143.59
Jun21	142.81	143.59
Jun21	140.50	143.59
Jun21	137.41	143.59
Jun21	136.48	143.59
Jun21	136.98	143.59
Jun21	137.73	143.59
Jun21	145.91	143.59
Jun21	146.55	143.59
Jun21	145.42	143.59
Jun21	144.04	143.59
Jun21	144.79	143.59
Jun21	147.20	143.59
Jun21	149.51	143.59
Jun21	159.02	143.59
Sep-21	162.45	153.85
Sep-21	160.61	153.85
Sep-21	157.35	153.85
Sep-21	157.12	153.85
Sep-21	157.01	153.85
Sep-21	156.96	153.85
Sep-21	162.82	153.85
Sep-21	159.83	153.85
Sep-21	156.45	153.85
Sep-21	153.23	153.85
Sep-21	153.19	153.85
Sep-21	152.73	153.85
Sep-21	151.02	153.85
Sep-21	155.64	153.85
Sep-21	153.12	153.85
Sep-21	150.64	153.85
Sep-21	147.37	153.85
Sep-21	145.62	153.85
Sep-21	144.48	153.85
Sep-21	143.82	153.85
Sep-21	152.44	153.85
Sep-21	150.94	153.85
Sep-21	148.88	153.85
Sep-21	146.37	153.85
Sep-21	147.60	153.85
Sep-21	147.76	153.85
Sep-21	147.97	153.85
Sep-21	159.09	153.85
Sep-21	157.75	153.85
Sep-21	155.20	153.85
Sep-21	152.93	153.85
Sep-21	151.96	153.85
Sep-21	149.99	153.85
Sep-21	148.79	153.85
Sep-21	157.87	153.85
Sep-21	155.94	153.85
Sep-21	153.78	153.85
Sep-21	151.18	153.85
Sep-21	152.41	153.85
Sep-21	154.61	153.85
Sep-21	155.07	153.85
Sep-21	163.59	153.85
Sep-21	160.96	153.85
Sep-21	156.89	153.85
Sep-21	153.24	153.85
Sep-21	151.33	153.85
Sep-21	151.74	153.85
Sep-21	150.52	153.85
Sep-21	158.13	153.85
Sep-21	155.74	153.85
Sep-21	153.05	153.85
Sep-21	149.49	153.85
Sep-21	149.00	153.85
Sep-21	150.50	153.85
Sep-21	149.24	153.85
Sep-21	157.11	153.85
Sep-21	153.77	153.85
Sep-21	150.68	153.85
Sep-21	147.40	153.85
Sep-21	146.23	153.85
Sep-21	144.92	153.85
Sep-21	145.68	153.85
Sep-21	152.29	153.85
Sep-21	150.24	153.85
Sep-21	148.66	153.85
Sep-21	146.68	153.85
Sep-21	147.66	153.85
Sep-21	148.51	153.85
Sep-21	148.96	153.85
Sep-21	159.15	153.85
Sep-21	158.84	153.85
Sep-21	157.59	153.85
Sep-21	155.78	153.85
Sep-21	155.91	153.85
Sep-21	157.56	153.85
Sep-21	157.34	153.85
Sep-21	164.77	153.85
Sep-21	162.29	153.85
Sep-21	160.72	153.85
Sep-21	157.92	153.85
Sep-21	156.53	153.85
Sep-21	157.71	153.85
Sep-21	154.99	153.85
Sep-21	164.26	153.85
Sep-21	162.89	153.85
Sep-21	159.76	153.85
Sep-21	156.44	153.85
Sep-21	154.98	153.85
Sep-21	154.12	153.85
Sep-21	152.28	153.85
Sep-21	155.77	153.85
Sep-21	154.14	153.85
Dec-21	152.25	164.21
Dec-21	150.85	164.21
Dec-21	150.61	164.21
Dec-21	149.45	164.21
Dec-21	148.87	164.21
Dec-21	158.38	164.21
Dec-21	159.22	164.21
Dec-21	160.44	164.21
Dec-21	161.95	164.21
Dec-21	161.21	164.21
Dec-21	160.73	164.21
Dec-21	161.02	164.21
Dec-21	162.48	164.21
Dec-21	164.06	164.21
Dec-21	165.44	164.21
Dec-21	165.03	164.21
Dec-21	166.09	164.21
Dec-21	167.87	164.21
Dec-21	167.33	164.21
Dec-21	174.41	164.21
Dec-21	174.89	164.21
Dec-21	174.79	164.21
Dec-21	174.07	164.21
Dec-21	174.12	164.21
Dec-21	173.82	164.21
Dec-21	172.54	164.21
Dec-21	171.12	164.21
Dec-21	169.88	164.21
Dec-21	168.59	164.21
Dec-21	167.43	164.21
Dec-21	166.60	164.21
Dec-21	165.78	164.21
Dec-21	164.50	164.21
Dec-21	170.44	164.21
Dec-21	168.77	164.21
Dec-21	167.92	164.21
Dec-21	167.42	164.21
Dec-21	167.56	164.21
Dec-21	166.50	164.21
Dec-21	166.71	164.21
Dec-21	166.26	164.21
Dec-21	165.12	164.21
Dec-21	164.35	164.21
Dec-21	163.18	164.21
Dec-21	162.36	164.21
Dec-21	162.01	164.21
Dec-21	161.76	164.21
Dec-21	170.88	164.21
Dec-21	170.68	164.21
Dec-21	169.94	164.21
Dec-21	169.93	164.21
Dec-21	171.65	164.21
Dec-21	172.78	164.21
Dec-21	174.03	164.21
Dec-21	176.83	164.21
Dec-21	176.19	164.21
Dec-21	174.34	164.21
Dec-21	171.87	164.21
Dec-21	170.44	164.21
Dec-21	169.75	164.21
Dec-21	166.76	164.21
Dec-21	172.84	164.21
Dec-21	170.95	164.21
Dec-21	168.30	164.21
Dec-21	166.51	164.21
Dec-21	165.82	164.21
Dec-21	164.46	164.21
Dec-21	162.58	164.21
Dec-21	161.66	164.21
Dec-21	158.86	164.21
Dec-21	157.11	164.21
Dec-21	155.44	164.21
Dec-21	156.73	164.21
Dec-21	157.19	164.21
Dec-21	156.17	164.21
Dec-21	162.76	164.21
Dec-21	161.80	164.21
Dec-21	160.59	164.21
Dec-21	159.82	164.21
Dec-21	158.88	164.21
Dec-21	159.06	164.21
Dec-21	159.13	164.21
Dec-21	157.82	164.21
Dec-21	155.99	164.21
Dec-21	155.80	164.21
Dec-21	154.02	164.21
Dec-21	153.73	164.21
Dec-21	151.95	164.21
Dec-21	151.16	164.21
Dec-21	157.91	164.21
Dec-21	159.76	164.21
Dec-21	160.05	164.21
Mar-22	163.20	183.32
Mar-22	163.97	183.32
Mar-22	163.92	183.32
Mar-22	163.21	183.32
Mar-22	162.01	183.32
Mar-22	161.51	183.32
Mar-22	162.61	183.32
Mar-22	162.27	183.32
Mar-22	163.38	183.32
Mar-22	164.52	183.32
Mar-22	164.73	183.32
Mar-22	173.18	183.32
Mar-22	173.86	183.32
Mar-22	173.81	183.32
Mar-22	171.80	183.32
Mar-22	171.70	183.32
Mar-22	172.08	183.32
Mar-22	172.04	183.32
Mar-22	172.24	183.32
Mar-22	171.85	183.32
Mar-22	170.73	183.32
Mar-22	167.80	183.32
Mar-22	167.47	183.32
Mar-22	167.39	183.32
Mar-22	166.91	183.32
Mar-22	171.96	183.32
Mar-22	171.44	183.32
Mar-22	170.08	183.32
Mar-22	168.63	183.32
Mar-22	168.43	183.32
Mar-22	167.12	183.32
Mar-22	170.22	183.32
Mar-22	170.70	183.32
Mar-22	173.66	183.32
Mar-22	175.16	183.32
Mar-22	175.31	183.32
Mar-22	175.52	183.32
Mar-22	175.93	183.32
Mar-22	176.66	183.32
Mar-22	182.55	183.32
Mar-22	183.75	183.32
Mar-22	183.44	183.32
Mar-22	182.90	183.32
Mar-22	183.28	183.32
Mar-22	183.29	183.32
Mar-22	182.85	183.32
Mar-22	182.15	183.32
Mar-22	181.57	183.32
Mar-22	180.59	183.32
Mar-22	179.16	183.32
Mar-22	178.64	183.32
Mar-22	179.17	183.32
Mar-22	177.96	183.32
Mar-22	182.33	183.32
Mar-22	183.03	183.32
Mar-22	184.35	183.32
Mar-22	184.39	183.32
Mar-22	184.42	183.32
Mar-22	185.52	183.32
Mar-22	184.72	183.32
Mar-22	186.20	183.32
Mar-22	186.18	183.32
Mar-22	185.22	183.32
Mar-22	184.92	183.32
Mar-22	185.32	183.32
Mar-22	185.84	183.32
Mar-22	187.28	183.32
Mar-22	196.93	183.32
Mar-22	204.35	183.32
Mar-22	210.39	183.32
Mar-22	212.58	183.32
Mar-22	213.79	183.32
Mar-22	215.88	183.32
Mar-22	216.91	183.32
Mar-22	216.24	183.32
Mar-22	215.01	183.32
Mar-22	213.22	183.32
Mar-22	211.34	183.32
Mar-22	210.05	183.32
Mar-22	209.41	183.32
Mar-22	206.63	183.32
Mar-22	209.80	183.32
Mar-22	207.86	183.32
Mar-22	206.11	183.32
Mar-22	204.09	183.32
Mar-22	203.00	183.32
Mar-22	201.46	183.32
Mar-22	199.95	183.32
Mar-22	194.59	183.32
Mar-22	188.98	183.32
Jun-22	184.72	189.34
Jun-22	181.45	189.34
Jun-22	179.13	189.34
Jun-22	175.55	189.34
Jun-22	170.41	189.34
Jun-22	171.89	189.34
Jun-22	170.12	189.34
Jun-22	168.26	189.34
Jun-22	166.72	189.34
Jun-22	165.77	189.34
Jun-22	164.72	189.34
Jun-22	163.34	189.34
Jun-22	162.00	189.34
Jun-22	160.66	189.34
Jun-22	159.53	189.34
Jun-22	158.95	189.34
Jun-22	158.57	189.34
Jun-22	158.22	189.34
Jun-22	158.19	189.34
Jun-22	165.78	189.34
Jun-22	172.19	189.34
Jun-22	175.96	189.34
Jun-22	176.79	189.34
Jun-22	177.99	189.34
Jun-22	179.14	189.34
Jun-22	179.81	189.34
Jun-22	179.69	189.34
Jun-22	179.43	189.34
Jun-22	178.27	189.34
Jun-22	177.58	189.34
Jun-22	178.48	189.34
Jun-22	178.36	189.34
Jun-22	179.21	189.34
Jun-22	182.80	189.34
Jun-22	180.19	189.34
Jun-22	179.61	189.34
Jun-22	181.36	189.34
Jun-22	182.75	189.34
Jun-22	183.56	189.34
Jun-22	183.70	189.34
Jun-22	184.31	189.34
Jun-22	184.70	189.34
Jun-22	186.07	189.34
Jun-22	188.09	189.34
Jun-22	190.94	189.34
Jun-22	193.55	189.34
Jun-22	195.69	189.34
Jun-22	202.28	189.34
Jun-22	204.10	189.34
Jun-22	204.88	189.34
Jun-22	205.83	189.34
Jun-22	206.57	189.34
Jun-22	205.57	189.34
Jun-22	202.92	189.34
Jun-22	200.39	189.34
Jun-22	198.86	189.34
Jun-22	197.34	189.34
Jun-22	195.82	189.34
Jun-22	195.34	189.34
Jun-22	195.12	189.34
Jun-22	195.02	189.34
Jun-22	197.56	189.34
Jun-22	197.36	189.34
Jun-22	196.62	189.34
Jun-22	198.14	189.34
Jun-22	200.95	189.34
Jun-22	201.94	189.34
Jun-22	202.13	189.34
Jun-22	201.14	189.34
Jun-22	200.52	189.34
Jun-22	199.72	189.34
Jun-22	199.23	189.34
Jun-22	199.61	189.34
Jun-22	199.99	189.34
Jun-22	200.53	189.34
Jun-22	205.72	189.34
Jun-22	208.51	189.34
Jun-22	210.91	189.34
Jun-22	214.02	189.34
Jun-22	215.60	189.34
Jun-22	216.08	189.34
Jun-22	214.06	189.34
Jun-22	212.38	189.34
Jun-22	211.04	189.34
Jun-22	209.67	189.34
Jun-22	208.68	189.34
Jun-22	207.77	189.34
Jun-22	207.43	189.34
Jun-22	206.25	189.34
Jun-22	211.20	189.34
Jun-22	211.24	189.34
Sep-22	211.40	179.14
Sep-22	211.69	179.14
Sep-22	213.91	179.14
Sep-22	215.15	179.14
Sep-22	215.21	179.14
Sep-22	216.14	179.14
Sep-22	213.67	179.14
Sep-22	210.31	179.14
Sep-22	207.02	179.14
Sep-22	205.52	179.14
Sep-22	204.30	179.14
Sep-22	202.01	179.14
Sep-22	204.24	179.14
Sep-22	202.11	179.14
Sep-22	199.34	179.14
Sep-22	196.69	179.14
Sep-22	194.17	179.14
Sep-22	191.68	179.14
Sep-22	189.00	179.14
Sep-22	189.34	179.14
Sep-22	188.03	179.14
Sep-22	187.46	179.14
Sep-22	185.11	179.14
Sep-22	183.43	179.14
Sep-22	180.39	179.14
Sep-22	176.65	179.14
Sep-22	179.33	179.14
Sep-22	177.04	179.14
Sep-22	174.56	179.14
Sep-22	171.90	179.14
Sep-22	169.61	179.14
Sep-22	170.69	179.14
Sep-22	168.96	179.14
Sep-22	173.17	179.14
Sep-22	171.90	179.14
Sep-22	169.74	179.14
Sep-22	167.42	179.14
Sep-22	166.63	179.14
Sep-22	165.61	179.14
Sep-22	163.75	179.14
Sep-22	169.18	179.14
Sep-22	167.78	179.14
Sep-22	166.13	179.14
Sep-22	165.32	179.14
Sep-22	166.43	179.14
Sep-22	167.86	179.14
Sep-22	168.51	179.14
Sep-22	173.25	179.14
Sep-22	173.84	179.14
Sep-22	172.81	179.14
Sep-22	173.01	179.14
Sep-22	173.52	179.14
Sep-22	175.49	179.14
Sep-22	174.81	179.14
Sep-22	181.97	179.14
Sep-22	180.64	179.14
Sep-22	178.79	179.14
Sep-22	176.55	179.14
Sep-22	176.47	179.14
Sep-22	178.30	179.14
Sep-22	175.87	179.14
Sep-22	173.82	179.14
Sep-22	171.27	179.14
Sep-22	168.22	179.14
Sep-22	166.01	179.14
Sep-22	164.83	179.14
Sep-22	163.10	179.14
Sep-22	160.42	179.14
Sep-22	163.88	179.14
Sep-22	162.28	179.14
Sep-22	161.01	179.14
Sep-22	160.14	179.14
Sep-22	160.07	179.14
Sep-22	160.13	179.14
Sep-22	160.96	179.14
Sep-22	164.15	179.14
Sep-22	164.38	179.14
Sep-22	163.50	179.14
Sep-22	163.33	179.14
Sep-22	164.06	179.14
Sep-22	166.36	179.14
Sep-22	166.81	179.14
Sep-22	174.96	179.14
Sep-22	176.87	179.14
Sep-22	177.61	179.14
Sep-22	178.71	179.14
Sep-22	182.98	179.14
Sep-22	184.44	179.14
Sep-22	182.70	179.14
Sep-22	184.12	179.14
Sep-22	184.47	179.14
Sep-22	184.48	179.14
Dec-22	183.15	182.72
Dec-22	182.80	182.72
Dec-22	182.81	182.72
Dec-22	182.18	182.72
Dec-22	186.14	182.72
Dec-22	184.69	182.72
Dec-22	183.52	182.72
Dec-22	182.22	182.72
Dec-22	180.56	182.72
Dec-22	178.71	182.72
Dec-22	176.07	182.72
Dec-22	176.39	182.72
Dec-22	176.36	182.72
Dec-22	176.46	182.72
Dec-22	178.27	182.72
Dec-22	179.65	182.72
Dec-22	179.50	182.72
Dec-22	178.90	182.72
Dec-22	182.86	182.72
Dec-22	181.53	182.72
Dec-22	181.23	182.72
Dec-22	180.67	182.72
Dec-22	179.99	182.72
Dec-22	181.22	182.72
Dec-22	184.71	182.72
Dec-22	188.99	182.72
Dec-22	187.24	182.72
Dec-22	186.43	182.72
Dec-22	186.01	182.72
Dec-22	186.47	182.72
Dec-22	186.52	182.72
Dec-22	188.25	182.72
Dec-22	197.07	182.72
Dec-22	197.32	182.72
Dec-22	197.24	182.72
Dec-22	197.53	182.72
Dec-22	195.69	182.72
Dec-22	196.53	182.72
Dec-22	197.18	182.72
Dec-22	201.76	182.72
Dec-22	200.89	182.72
Dec-22	198.22	182.72
Dec-22	195.50	182.72
Dec-22	194.50	182.72
Dec-22	193.68	182.72
Dec-22	192.19	182.72
Dec-22	195.33	182.72
Dec-22	192.97	182.72
Dec-22	190.21	182.72
Dec-22	187.26	182.72
Dec-22	185.59	182.72
Dec-22	185.05	182.72
Dec-22	183.92	182.72
Dec-22	187.24	182.72
Dec-22	186.36	182.72
Dec-22	185.44	182.72
Dec-22	184.37	182.72
Dec-22	184.05	182.72
Dec-22	182.35	182.72
Dec-22	179.18	182.72
Dec-22	179.92	182.72
Dec-22	179.00	182.72
Dec-22	176.35	182.72
Dec-22	175.03	182.72
Dec-22	173.24	182.72
Dec-22	172.07	182.72
Dec-22	170.96	182.72
Dec-22	175.26	182.72
Dec-22	173.20	182.72
Dec-22	172.15	182.72
Dec-22	173.16	182.72
Dec-22	173.74	182.72
Dec-22	173.50	182.72
Dec-22	172.40	182.72
Dec-22	176.96	182.72
Dec-22	174.82	182.72
Dec-22	172.71	182.72
Dec-22	170.73	182.72
Dec-22	170.25	182.72
Dec-22	170.22	182.72
Dec-22	170.15	182.72
Dec-22	177.37	182.72
Dec-22	177.40	182.72
Dec-22	175.31	182.72
Dec-22	174.66	182.72
Dec-22	174.17	182.72
Dec-22	175.43	182.72
Dec-22	177.10	182.72
Dec-22	185.42	182.72
Dec-22	184.02	182.72
Dec-22	184.33	182.72
Dec-22	184.23	182.72
Mar-23	185.81	182.43
Mar-23	184.59	182.43
Mar-23	184.78	182.43
Mar-23	189.59	182.43
Mar-23	187.09	182.43
Mar-23	184.49	182.43
Mar-23	182.23	182.43
Mar-23	180.53	182.43
Mar-23	180.06	182.43
Mar-23	177.73	182.43
Mar-23	181.83	182.43
Mar-23	179.39	182.43
Mar-23	176.63	182.43
Mar-23	174.23	182.43
Mar-23	173.93	182.43
Mar-23	174.50	182.43
Mar-23	173.39	182.43
Mar-23	179.86	182.43
Mar-23	178.42	182.43
Mar-23	176.34	182.43
Mar-23	174.56	182.43
Mar-23	173.39	182.43
Mar-23	172.25	182.43
Mar-23	171.74	182.43
Mar-23	177.63	182.43
Mar-23	176.54	182.43
Mar-23	176.96	182.43
Mar-23	178.48	182.43
Mar-23	179.58	182.43
Mar-23	179.86	182.43
Mar-23	180.23	182.43
Mar-23	184.06	182.43
Mar-23	182.67	182.43
Mar-23	181.50	182.43
Mar-23	179.70	182.43
Mar-23	179.37	182.43
Mar-23	179.36	182.43
Mar-23	179.33	182.43
Mar-23	181.68	182.43
Mar-23	181.63	182.43
Mar-23	179.82	182.43
Mar-23	181.83	182.43
Mar-23	181.62	182.43
Mar-23	183.73	182.43
Mar-23	186.31	182.43
Mar-23	193.16	182.43
Mar-23	194.98	182.43
Mar-23	194.18	182.43
Mar-23	193.35	182.43
Mar-23	192.19	182.43
Mar-23	191.25	182.43
Mar-23	190.66	182.43
Mar-23	191.80	182.43
Mar-23	190.36	182.43
Mar-23	188.05	182.43
Mar-23	186.20	182.43
Mar-23	186.24	182.43
Mar-23	186.40	182.43
Mar-23	185.63	182.43
Mar-23	188.13	182.43
Mar-23	185.17	182.43
Mar-23	182.48	182.43
Mar-23	180.96	182.43
Mar-23	180.72	182.43
Mar-23	181.40	182.43
Mar-23	181.42	182.43
Mar-23	186.19	182.43
Mar-23	186.07	182.43
Mar-23	185.09	182.43
Mar-23	183.89	182.43
Mar-23	183.27	182.43
Mar-23	182.61	182.43
Mar-23	182.23	182.43
Mar-23	186.39	182.43
Mar-23	183.81	182.43
Mar-23	181.13	182.43
Mar-23	179.58	182.43
Mar-23	179.18	182.43
Mar-23	178.80	182.43
Mar-23	177.99	182.43
Mar-23	182.92	182.43
Mar-23	181.58	182.43
Mar-23	179.60	182.43
Mar-23	178.62	182.43
Mar-23	179.10	182.43
Mar-23	182.03	182.43
Mar-23	183.98	182.43
Mar-23	188.91	182.43
Mar-23	186.69	182.43
Mar-23	184.77	182.43
Jun-23	183.35	183.26
Jun-23	182.79	183.26
Jun-23	183.69	183.26
Jun-23	183.43	183.26
Jun-23	189.96	183.26
Jun-23	188.17	183.26
Jun-23	186.76	183.26
Jun-23	186.41	183.26
Jun-23	185.94	183.26
Jun-23	185.97	183.26
Jun-23	187.58	183.26
Jun-23	194.58	183.26
Jun-23	193.10	183.26
Jun-23	191.32	183.26
Jun-23	192.41	183.26
Jun-23	194.44	183.26
Jun-23	194.45	183.26
Jun-23	193.39	183.26
Jun-23	196.95	183.26
Jun-23	193.85	183.26
Jun-23	190.98	183.26
Jun-23	189.16	183.26
Jun-23	187.71	183.26
Jun-23	186.06	183.26
Jun-23	184.42	183.26
Jun-23	189.31	183.26
Jun-23	186.10	183.26
Jun-23	183.97	183.26
Jun-23	182.14	183.26
Jun-23	181.08	183.26
Jun-23	181.02	183.26
Jun-23	181.39	183.26
Jun-23	187.51	183.26
Jun-23	186.67	183.26
Jun-23	184.19	183.26
Jun-23	180.98	183.26
Jun-23	179.79	183.26
Jun-23	178.23	183.26
Jun-23	176.04	183.26
Jun-23	179.56	183.26
Jun-23	177.08	183.26
Jun-23	174.05	183.26
Jun-23	173.18	183.26
Jun-23	174.92	183.26
Jun-23	173.94	183.26
Jun-23	171.29	183.26
Jun-23	176.33	183.26
Jun-23	174.14	183.26
Jun-23	171.14	183.26
Jun-23	169.09	183.26
Jun-23	168.44	183.26
Jun-23	168.18	183.26
Jun-23	168.21	183.26
Jun-23	179.05	183.26
Jun-23	179.28	183.26
Jun-23	180.15	183.26
Jun-23	178.77	183.26
Jun-23	178.89	183.26
Jun-23	180.66	183.26
Jun-23	180.17	183.26
Jun-23	187.87	183.26
Jun-23	190.48	183.26
Jun-23	190.16	183.26
Jun-23	188.90	183.26
Jun-23	188.66	183.26
Jun-23	190.31	183.26
Jun-23	189.51	183.26
Jun-23	197.89	183.26
Jun-23	195.25	183.26
Jun-23	191.29	183.26
Jun-23	187.88	183.26
Jun-23	186.77	183.26
Jun-23	186.16	183.26
Jun-23	184.09	183.26
Jun-23	188.99	183.26
Jun-23	185.31	183.26
Jun-23	181.86	183.26
Jun-23	181.47	183.26
Jun-23	182.06	183.26
Jun-23	181.73	183.26
Jun-23	179.87	183.26
Jun-23	184.79	183.26
Jun-23	181.52	183.26
Jun-23	178.74	183.26
Jun-23	176.50	183.26
Jun-23	175.90	183.26
Jun-23	175.20	183.26
Jun-23	173.32	183.26
Jun-23	178.62	183.26
Jun-23	175.01	183.26
Jun-23	172.18	183.26
Sep-23	170.55	196.74
Sep-23	169.96	196.74
Sep-23	169.36	196.74
Sep-23	168.09	196.74
Sep-23	175.27	196.74
Sep-23	173.70	196.74
Sep-23	172.52	196.74
Sep-23	171.81	196.74
Sep-23	173.44	196.74
Sep-23	174.43	196.74
Sep-23	175.87	196.74
Sep-23	184.60	196.74
Sep-23	184.57	196.74
Sep-23	186.06	196.74
Sep-23	187.01	196.74
Sep-23	187.85	196.74
Sep-23	189.24	196.74
Sep-23	188.32	196.74
Sep-23	194.96	196.74
Sep-23	192.05	196.74
Sep-23	189.74	196.74
Sep-23	188.32	196.74
Sep-23	190.59	196.74
Sep-23	191.27	196.74
Sep-23	189.72	196.74
Sep-23	194.09	196.74
Sep-23	190.30	196.74
Sep-23	187.97	196.74
Sep-23	186.20	196.74
Sep-23	185.61	196.74
Sep-23	185.22	196.74
Sep-23	184.57	196.74
Sep-23	190.65	196.74
Sep-23	189.04	196.74
Sep-23	188.57	196.74
Sep-23	189.26	196.74
Sep-23	192.06	196.74
Sep-23	192.66	196.74
Sep-23	192.86	196.74
Sep-23	200.02	196.74
Sep-23	199.79	196.74
Sep-23	197.99	196.74
Sep-23	197.12	196.74
Sep-23	197.34	196.74
Sep-23	198.53	196.74
Sep-23	199.07	196.74
Sep-23	208.28	196.74
Sep-23	206.54	196.74
Sep-23	205.43	196.74
Sep-23	204.46	196.74
Sep-23	204.36	196.74
Sep-23	204.84	196.74
Sep-23	204.21	196.74
Sep-23	210.48	196.74
Sep-23	208.12	196.74
Sep-23	205.40	196.74
Sep-23	203.89	196.74
Sep-23	203.43	196.74
Sep-23	202.90	196.74
Sep-23	201.24	196.74
Sep-23	209.03	196.74
Sep-23	208.04	196.74
Sep-23	206.48	196.74
Sep-23	204.89	196.74
Sep-23	204.01	196.74
Sep-23	203.08	196.74
Sep-23	201.11	196.74
Sep-23	206.87	196.74
Sep-23	204.36	196.74
Sep-23	201.39	196.74
Sep-23	200.03	196.74
Sep-23	199.50	196.74
Sep-23	199.50	196.74
Sep-23	198.85	196.74
Sep-23	206.23	196.74
Sep-23	206.00	196.74
Sep-23	204.19	196.74
Sep-23	203.43	196.74
Sep-23	203.17	196.74
Sep-23	204.92	196.74
Sep-23	205.73	196.74
Sep-23	216.87	196.74
Sep-23	216.86	196.74
Sep-23	214.52	196.74
Sep-23	211.96	196.74
Sep-23	210.83	196.74
Sep-23	210.96	196.74
Sep-23	210.30	196.74
Sep-23	216.74	196.74
Sep-23	214.60	196.74
Sep-23	209.93	196.74
Sep-23	208.99	196.74
Dec-23	209.50	196.46
Dec-23	209.31	196.46
Dec-23	207.49	196.46
Dec-23	213.18	196.46
Dec-23	210.76	196.46
Dec-23	207.85	196.46
Dec-23	205.17	196.46
Dec-23	204.61	196.46
Dec-23	204.21	196.46
Dec-23	203.34	196.46
Dec-23	211.75	196.46
Dec-23	209.02	196.46
Dec-23	205.46	196.46
Dec-23	202.98	196.46
Dec-23	202.15	196.46
Dec-23	200.89	196.46
Dec-23	198.34	196.46
Dec-23	203.45	196.46
Dec-23	200.17	196.46
Dec-23	196.90	196.46
Dec-23	194.49	196.46
Dec-23	193.61	196.46
Dec-23	192.32	196.46
Dec-23	190.36	196.46
Dec-23	197.71	196.46
Dec-23	195.34	196.46
Dec-23	193.01	196.46
Dec-23	193.44	196.46
Dec-23	194.73	196.46
Dec-23	194.64	196.46
Dec-23	194.89	196.46
Dec-23	202.73	196.46
Dec-23	201.38	196.46
Dec-23	199.45	196.46
Dec-23	197.60	196.46
Dec-23	196.69	196.46
Dec-23	196.97	196.46
Dec-23	195.25	196.46
Dec-23	203.06	196.46
Dec-23	201.70	196.46
Dec-23	199.45	196.46
Dec-23	196.85	196.46
Dec-23	197.20	196.46
Dec-23	199.88	196.46
Dec-23	201.08	196.46
Dec-23	209.21	196.46
Dec-23	206.84	196.46
Dec-23	203.83	196.46
Dec-23	200.90	196.46
Dec-23	199.61	196.46
Dec-23	198.52	196.46
Dec-23	195.34	196.46
Dec-23	200.48	196.46
Dec-23	198.11	196.46
Dec-23	195.08	196.46
Dec-23	192.28	196.46
Dec-23	192.77	196.46
Dec-23	193.25	196.46
Dec-23	193.25	196.46
Dec-23	200.52	196.46
Dec-23	198.66	196.46
Dec-23	195.06	196.46
Dec-23	190.80	196.46
Dec-23	188.86	196.46
Dec-23	186.77	196.46
Dec-23	184.07	196.46
Dec-23	189.83	196.46
Dec-23	187.01	196.46
Dec-23	183.68	196.46
Dec-23	181.32	196.46
Dec-23	180.72	196.46
Dec-23	179.97	196.46
Dec-23	178.06	196.46
Dec-23	188.32	196.46
Dec-23	188.45	196.46
Dec-23	187.19	196.46
Dec-23	185.51	196.46
Dec-23	185.20	196.46
Dec-23	184.83	196.46
Dec-23	183.06	196.46
Dec-23	192.73	196.46
Dec-23	193.10	196.46
Dec-23	189.97	196.46
Dec-23	186.11	196.46
Dec-23	184.03	196.46
Dec-23	182.42	196.46
Dec-23	183.03	196.46
Dec-23	193.85	196.46
Dec-23	190.97	196.46
Dec-23	186.53	196.46
Dec-23	182.03	196.46
Dec-23	180.95	196.46

Average price of unleaded petrol (91 octane), cents per litre

["","Unleaded Petrol: Daily Average","Unleaded Petrol: Quarterly Average"]

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Main contributors to change

CPI groups

Weighted average of eight capital cities, quarterly movement (%)
Groups	Percentage change from previous quarter	All groups CPI Percentage change from previous quarter
All groups CPI		0.6
Food and non-alcoholic beverages	0.5
Alcohol and tobacco	2.8
Clothing and footwear	0.5
Housing	1.0
Furnishings, household equipment and services	-1.0
Health	0.6
Transport	-0.2
Communication	0.4
Recreation and culture	0.3
Education	-0.1
Insurance and financial services	1.7

Weighted average of eight capital cities, quarterly movement (%)

["Groups","Percentage change from previous quarter","All groups CPI Percentage change from previous quarter"]

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Food and non-alcoholic beverages group (+0.5%)

Alcohol and tobacco group (+2.8%)

Clothing and footwear group (+0.5%)

Housing group (+1.0%)

New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers

New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers rose 1.5% as builders continue to pass on higher labour and building material costs.

Rents

Rents rose 0.9% this quarter, the smallest quarterly rise since the June 2022 quarter.
The increase in rents this quarter was moderated by changes to Commonwealth Rent Assistance. From 20 September 2023, the maximum rate available for rent assistance increased by 15% in addition to the biannual CPI indexation that applies in March and September each year. The September quarter results showed a partial impact with the remaining impact reflected in the December 2023 quarter.
Excluding the changes to rent assistance, rents would have increased by 2.2% in the December 2023 quarter, reflecting strong demand and low vacancy rates.

Electricity

Electricity prices rose 1.4% this quarter. The rise was driven by the unwinding of the first instalment of the Energy Bill Relief Fund rebates for all households in Perth and concession households in Hobart. The rise in Perth was partially offset by the introduction of the second instalment of the Energy Bill Relief Fund rebates from December 2023.
In addition to concession households, households newly eligible for the Energy Bill Relief Fund received rebates in Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Hobart, Darwin and Canberra from October 2023, reducing electricity bills for these households and partially offsetting the rise in the December 2023 quarter.
Excluding the impact from the unwinding of the rebates, Electricity prices would have fallen 0.9% this quarter due to electricity retailers in some capital cities increasing discounts for market offer plans.

Electricity, quarterly movements (%)
	Excluding energy bill relief (%)	including energy bill relief (%)
Sydney	-2.2	-3.2
Melbourne	-0.4	-2.0
Brisbane	0.7	0.9
Adelaide	-0.2	-2.4
Perth	0.0	56.7
Hobart	0.0	7.3
Darwin	0.0	-6.5
Canberra	-0.1	1.3
Weighted average of eight capital cities	-0.9	1.4

Over the past twelve months the group rose 6.1%. This is the smallest annual rise since the December 2021 quarter. The main contributor to the annual rise was Utilities (+8.4%), followed by New dwelling purchase by owner occupiers (+5.1%).

Furnishings, household equipment and services group (-1.0%)

Health group (+0.6%)

Transport group (-0.2%)

Communication group (+0.4%)

Recreation and culture group (+0.3%)

Education group (-0.1%)

Insurance and financial services group (+1.7%)

International trade exposure - tradables and non-tradables

Tradables and non-tradables, Australia quarterly and annual movement (%)
	Change from previous quarter	Annual change
Non-tradables	1.3	5.4
Tradables	-0.7	1.5

Discretionary and non-discretionary inflation

Underlying inflation series

Seasonally adjusted analytical series

Sep Qtr 2023 to Dec Qtr 2023 percentage change
	Original (%)	Seasonally Adjusted (%)
All groups CPI	0.6	0.7
Food and non-alcoholic beverages	0.5	0.8
Alcohol and tobacco	2.8	2.3
Clothing and footwear	0.5	-0.2
Housing	1.0	1.2
Furnishings, household equipment and services	-1.0	-0.5
Health	0.6	2.0
Transport	-0.2	-0.1
Communication	0.4	0.6
Recreation and culture	0.3	-0.5
Education	-0.1	0.5
Insurance and financial services	1.7	1.7
International trade exposure series
	Tradables	-0.7	-0.4
	Non-tradables	1.3	1.2

Capital cities comparison

All groups CPI

All groups CPI, quarterly movement (%)
All Groups CPI, Percentage change from previous quarter	Percentage change from previous quarter (%)	Weighted average of eight capital cities percentage change from previous quarter (%)
Weighted average of eight capital cities		0.6
Canberra	0.4
Darwin	0.5
Hobart	0.7
Perth	1.5
Adelaide	0.7
Brisbane	0.5
Melbourne	0.6
Sydney	0.4

All groups CPI, quarterly movement (%)

["All Groups CPI, Percentage change from previous quarter","Percentage change from previous quarter","Weighted average of eight capital cities percentage change from previous quarter"]

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All groups CPI, index numbers and percentage changes
	Index number(a)	Percentage change (%)
	Dec Qtr 2023	Sep Qtr 2023 to Dec Qtr 2023	Dec Qtr 2022 to Dec Qtr 2023
Sydney	136.4	0.4	4.2
Melbourne	136.1	0.6	3.8
Brisbane	137.7	0.5	4.2
Adelaide	137.1	0.7	4.8
Perth	134.0	1.5	3.6
Hobart	136.8	0.7	3.3
Darwin	131.5	0.5	3.9
Canberra	134.3	0.4	3.7
Weighted average of eight capital cities	136.1	0.6	4.1

a. Index reference period: 2011-12 = 100.0.

Capital city highlights:

At the All groups level, the CPI rose in all capital cities, ranging from 0.4% in Sydney and Canberra to 1.5% in Perth.

Sydney (+0.4%)

Melbourne (+0.6%)

Brisbane (+0.5%)

Adelaide (+0.7%)

Perth (+1.5%)

Hobart (+0.7%)

Darwin (+0.5%)

Canberra (+0.4%)

Quarterly percentage change by capital city
Group	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
All groups	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.7	1.5	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.6
Food & non-alcoholic beverages	0.3	1.0	0.8	0.4	0.1	0.5	-0.1	0.2	0.5
Alcohol & tobacco	2.4	3.3	2.7	3.0	2.5	4.2	3.4	1.9	2.8
Clothing & footwear	-0.3	2.0	0.1	-0.8	1.0	0.2	0.5	0.1	0.5
Housing	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.1	6.3	1.0	-0.4	1.2	1.0
Furnishings, household equipment and services	-1.3	-0.8	-1.0	-1.2	-0.7	-0.4	-0.5	-0.2	-1.0
Health	0.7	0.4	0.8	1.5	-0.1	0.7	0.1	-0.1	0.6
Transport	0.2	-0.6	0.0	0.2	-0.3	-1.0	0.4	0.0	-0.2
Communication	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
Recreation & culture	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.9	0.9	0.1	0.6	-0.2	0.3
Education	-0.3	-0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	-0.1
Insurance & financial services	1.6	1.4	2.2	4.4	1.1	1.5	1.6	0.1	1.7

Selected tables - capital cities

All groups CPI, index numbers(a)

All groups CPI, Index numbers(a)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2023 December	136.4	136.1	137.7	137.1	134.0	136.8	131.5	134.3	136.1
2023 September	135.8	135.3	137.0	136.2	132.0	135.8	130.9	133.7	135.3
2023 June	134.0	133.5	136.0	133.9	131.5	134.6	129.7	132.7	133.7
2023 March	132.7	132.7	134.6	132.4	130.4	134.0	128.2	131.3	132.6
2022 December	130.9	131.1	132.1	130.8	129.3	132.4	126.6	129.5	130.8
2022 September	128.6	129.0	130.2	128.6	124.8	130.5	125.5	128.0	128.4
2022 June	125.7	126.4	127.9	125.3	125.4	127.6	123.2	125.6	126.1
2022 March	123.7	124.2	125.3	122.7	123.3	125.4	120.7	123.6	123.9
2021 December	121.6	121.4	122.6	120.4	119.4	122.9	118.2	120.9	121.3
2021 September	120.2	120.1	120.7	118.6	117.7	120.2	117.3	119.7	119.7
2021 June	119.4	119.1	119.2	117.8	116.8	119.8	115.6	118.2	118.8
2021 March	118.5	118.8	118.2	117.2	114.6	118.5	114.4	117.3	117.9
2020 December	118.0	118.4	117.5	116.5	113.0	117.6	111.5	116.3	117.2
2020 September	116.8	116.7	116.2	115.7	114.1	116.7	110.8	115.4	116.2
2020 June	114.7	115.7	113.6	114.6	112.1	115.6	109.0	112.8	114.4
2020 March	117.4	117.8	116.2	115.8	113.5	117.2	111.8	115.5	116.6
2019 December	117.1	116.9	116.3	115.4	113.1	116.7	111.5	115.0	116.2
2019 September	116.5	115.9	115.5	114.5	112.6	114.7	111.3	114.3	115.4
2019 June	115.9	115.3	114.8	113.7	112.0	114.1	111.0	113.5	114.8
2022-23	131.6	131.6	133.2	131.4	129.0	132.9	127.5	130.4	131.4
2021-22	122.8	123.0	124.1	121.8	121.5	124.0	119.9	122.5	122.8
2020-21	118.2	118.3	117.8	116.8	114.6	118.2	113.1	116.8	117.5

All groups CPI, percentage changes

Percentage change (from previous financial year)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2022-23	7.1	6.9	7.3	7.9	6.2	7.1	6.4	6.5	7.0
2021-22	3.9	4.0	5.4	4.2	6.0	5.0	6.0	4.8	4.4
2020-21	1.5	1.4	2.1	1.5	1.6	1.8	2.0	2.1	1.6

Percentage change (from corresponding quarter of previous year)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2023 December	4.2	3.8	4.2	4.8	3.6	3.3	3.9	3.7	4.1
2023 September	5.6	4.9	5.2	5.9	5.8	4.1	4.3	4.5	5.4
2023 June	6.6	5.6	6.3	6.9	4.9	5.5	5.3	5.7	6.0
2023 March	7.3	6.8	7.4	7.9	5.8	6.9	6.2	6.2	7.0
2022 December	7.6	8.0	7.7	8.6	8.3	7.7	7.1	7.1	7.8
2022 September	7.0	7.4	7.9	8.4	6.0	8.6	7.0	6.9	7.3
2022 June	5.3	6.1	7.3	6.4	7.4	6.5	6.6	6.3	6.1
2022 March	4.4	4.5	6.0	4.7	7.6	5.8	5.5	5.4	5.1
2021 December	3.1	2.5	4.3	3.3	5.7	4.5	6.0	4.0	3.5
2021 September	2.9	2.9	3.9	2.5	3.2	3.0	5.9	3.7	3.0
2021 June	4.1	2.9	4.9	2.8	4.2	3.6	6.1	4.8	3.8
2021 March	0.9	0.8	1.7	1.2	1.0	1.1	2.3	1.6	1.1
2020 December	0.8	1.3	1.0	1.0	-0.1	0.8	0.0	1.1	0.9
2020 September	0.3	0.7	0.6	1.0	1.3	1.7	-0.4	1.0	0.7
2020 June	-1.0	0.3	-1.0	0.8	0.1	1.3	-1.8	-0.6	-0.3
2020 March	2.0	2.7	1.8	2.4	2.1	3.4	1.5	2.0	2.2
2019 December	1.6	2.0	2.0	2.1	1.6	2.7	0.5	1.7	1.8

Percentage change (from previous quarter)
Period	Sydney	Melbourne	Brisbane	Adelaide	Perth	Hobart	Darwin	Canberra	Weighted average of eight capital cities
2023 December	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.7	1.5	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.6
2023 September	1.3	1.3	0.7	1.7	0.4	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.2
2023 June	1.0	0.6	1.0	1.1	0.8	0.4	1.2	1.1	0.8
2023 March	1.4	1.2	1.9	1.2	0.9	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.4
2022 December	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.7	3.6	1.5	0.9	1.2	1.9
2022 September	2.3	2.1	1.8	2.6	-0.5	2.3	1.9	1.9	1.8
2022 June	1.6	1.8	2.1	2.1	1.7	1.8	2.1	1.6	1.8
2022 March	1.7	2.3	2.2	1.9	3.3	2.0	2.1	2.2	2.1
2021 December	1.2	1.1	1.6	1.5	1.4	2.2	0.8	1.0	1.3
2021 September	0.7	0.8	1.3	0.7	0.8	0.3	1.5	1.3	0.8
2021 June	0.8	0.3	0.8	0.5	1.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.8
2021 March	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.6	1.4	0.8	2.6	0.9	0.6
2020 December	1.0	1.5	1.1	0.7	-1.0	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.9
2020 September	1.8	0.9	2.3	1.0	1.8	1.0	1.7	2.3	1.6
2020 June	-2.3	-1.8	-2.2	-1.0	-1.2	-1.4	-2.5	-2.3	-1.9
2020 March	0.3	0.8	-0.1	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
2019 December	0.5	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.4	1.7	0.2	0.6	0.7

Longer term series: All groups CPI, weighted average of eight capital cities, index numbers

All groups CPI, weighted average of eight capital cities, index numbers
	31 March no.	30 June no.	30 September no.	31 December no.
2023	132.6	133.7	135.3	136.1
2022	123.9	126.1	128.4	130.8
2021	117.9	118.8	119.7	121.3
2020	116.6	114.4	116.2	117.2
2019	114.1	114.8	115.4	116.2
2018	112.6	113.0	113.5	114.1
2017	110.5	110.7	111.4	112.1
2016	108.2	108.6	109.4	110.0
2015	106.8	107.5	108.0	108.4
2014	105.4	105.9	106.4	106.6
2013	102.4	102.8	104.0	104.8
2012	99.9	100.4	101.8	102.0
2011	98.3	99.2	99.8	99.8
2010	95.2	95.8	96.5	96.9
2009	92.5	92.9	93.8	94.3
2008	90.3	91.6	92.7	92.4
2007	86.6	87.7	88.3	89.1
2006	84.5	85.9	86.7	86.6
2005	82.1	82.6	83.4	83.8
2004	80.2	80.6	80.9	81.5
2003	78.6	78.6	79.1	79.5
2002	76.1	76.6	77.1	77.6
2001	73.9	74.5	74.7	75.4
2000	69.7	70.2	72.9	73.1
1999	67.8	68.1	68.7	69.1
1998	67.0	67.4	67.5	67.8
1997	67.1	66.9	66.6	66.8
1996	66.2	66.7	66.9	67.0
1995	63.8	64.7	65.5	66.0
1994	61.5	61.9	62.3	62.8
1993	60.6	60.8	61.1	61.2
1992	59.9	59.7	59.8	60.1
1991	58.9	59.0	59.3	59.9
1990	56.2	57.1	57.5	59.0
1989	51.7	53.0	54.2	55.2
1988	48.4	49.3	50.2	51.2
1987	45.3	46.0	46.8	47.6
1986	41.4	42.1	43.2	44.4

Data downloads

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Time Series Spreadsheets

Data files

TABLES 1 and 2. CPI: All Groups, Index Numbers and Percentage Changes
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TABLES 3 and 4. CPI: Groups, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities, Index Numbers and Percentage Changes
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TABLE 5. CPI: Groups, Index Numbers by Capital City
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TABLE 6. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class Contribution to Change in All Groups Indexes, by Capital City
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TABLE 7. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
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TABLE 8. CPI: Analytical Series, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
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TABLE 9. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Index Numbers by Capital City
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TABLE 10. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Percentage change from corresponding quarter of previous year by Capital City
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TABLE 11. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Percentage change from previous quarter by Capital City
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TABLE 12. CPI: Group, Sub-group and Expenditure Class, Points Contribution, by Capital City
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TABLE 13. CPI: Group, Expenditure Class and Selected Analytical Series Index Numbers, Seasonally adjusted, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
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TABLE 14. CPI: Expenditure Class, Combined seasonal adjustment factors, Weighted Average of Eight Capital Cities
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Article archive

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Response to COVID-19

CPI 17th series review

Measuring Rents in the CPI

New data source:

As outlined in the ABS’ information paper Introducing a monthly CPI indicator for Australia, from July 2022 the ABS has incorporated a new data source to measure the Rents series in the monthly CPI indicator and the quarterly CPI.
The Rents series prior to July 2022 was measured on a quarterly basis using a survey of approximately 4,000 rental properties collected directly from real estate agents.
The new dataset obtained by the ABS is updated monthly and includes approximately 480,000 rental properties that are used to produce the CPI Rents series across all capital cities.

What the CPI Rents series measures:

The CPI measures the prices being paid by households for the goods and services that they consume during a particular measurement period (e.g. month or quarter). In the case of rents, this means that the CPI measures the current ‘price’ being paid by all types of households that rent including new and existing renters who are renting privately or from the government.
Measures of rental inflation that are based on newly advertised rental properties only measure changes in the asking or advertised price of rental properties for new tenancies. At any given time, newly advertised tenancies represent a relatively small proportion of properties being rented in Australia. The Rents series used for the CPI measures actual rents paid rather than advertised prices.
Advertised rents tend to reflect the dynamic end of the rental market where the price change for new tenancies can be more volatile than that being experienced by renters with existing tenancy agreements.
Price changes observed in advertised rents series are expected to eventually flow through to the CPI Rents series. However, the small share of rental properties leased to new tenants each quarter means that it takes some time for changes in advertised rents to impact price change observed in the CPI Rents series.
A useful analogy is to think about a bathtub of water. The water in the tub represents all rents being paid by households, while the water entering the tub from the tap represents new rental agreements. The CPI series is measuring the overall temperature of the bathtub whereas an advertised rents series measures the temperature of the water flowing into the tub. It will take some time for the flow of water to change the overall temperature of the water in the bathtub.

Using price indexes

Price indexes in contracts

Price indexes published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) provide summary measures of the movements in various categories of prices over time. They are published primarily for use in Government economic analysis. Price indexes are also often used in contracts by businesses and government to adjust payments and/or charges to take account of changes in categories of prices (Indexation Clauses).

Use of Price Indexes in Contracts sets out a range of issues that should be taken into account by parties considering including an Indexation Clause in a contract using an ABS published price index.

Frequently asked questions

The Frequently Asked Questions page has answers to a number of common questions to do with price indexes and the Consumer Price Index in particular.

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 6401.0.

Methodology

Consumer Price Index, Australia methodology, December Quarter 2023

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