Producer Price Indexes, Australia, March 2023

What are the Producer Price Indexes (PPIs)?

What is Final demand?

Post Release Changes

The March quarter 2023 Final demand, Inputs to manufacturing, and Heavy and civil engineering indexes have been revised since their release in this publication.

The updated March quarter 2023 indexes are included in Producer Price Indexes publications from the June quarter 2023 onwards. Revised figures for March can be found in Time series spreadsheets (Tables 1, 13, 14, 17) and Data cubes (Tables 5 and 28).

Changes in future issues

The review of the Input to mining PPI has been postponed to June quarter 2023. This will consist of an update of the weights for the Input to mining index.

From the June quarter 2023, the following changes will be included in the Time series spreadsheets:

'Table 13. Input to the Manufacturing industries, division and selected industries, index numbers and percentage changes' will be renamed 'Table 13. Inputs from selected Subdivisions and Groups to the Manufacturing Division, index numbers and percentage changes'.
Series ID A2309057L, 'Agriculture' will be renamed 'Agriculture to Manufacturing'.

Quarterly overview

Electricity and gas supply, and the Construction industry drove the increase in Final demand this quarter.

	Dec Qtr 22 to Mar Qtr 23	Mar Qtr 22 to Mar Qtr 23
Final demand	% change	% change
Final demand (excl. exports)	1.0	5.2

Growth in Final demand was driven by increased industrial electricity prices and construction costs
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Mar-19	111.2	0.4	1.9
Jun-19	111.6	0.4	2.0
Sep-19	112.1	0.4	1.6
Dec-19	112.4	0.3	1.4
Mar-20	112.6	0.2	1.3
Jun-20	111.2	-1.2	-0.4
Sep-20	111.7	0.4	-0.4
Dec-20	112.3	0.5	-0.1
Mar-21	112.8	0.4	0.2
Jun-21	113.6	0.7	2.2
Sep-21	114.9	1.1	2.9
Dec-21	116.4	1.3	3.7
Mar-22	118.3	1.6	4.9
Jun-22	120.0	1.4	5.6
Sep-22	122.3	1.9	6.4
Dec-22	123.2	0.7	5.8
Mar-23	124.4	1.0	5.2

Growth in Final demand was driven by increased industrial electricity prices and construction costs

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Mar-19","Jun-19","Sep-19","Dec-19","Mar-20","Jun-20","Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[111.2],[111.59999999999999],[112.09999999999999],[112.40000000000001],[112.59999999999999],[111.2],[111.7],[112.3],[112.8],[113.59999999999999],[114.90000000000001],[116.40000000000001],[118.3],[120],[122.3],[123.2],[124.40000000000001]],[[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[0.20000000000000001],[-1.2],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[1.1000000000000001],[1.3],[1.6000000000000001],[1.3999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[1]],[[1.8999999999999999],[2],[1.6000000000000001],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3],[-0.40000000000000002],[-0.40000000000000002],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[2.2000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[3.7000000000000002],[4.9000000000000004],[5.5999999999999996],[6.4000000000000004],[5.7999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002]]]

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Index reference period: 2011-12 - 100.0.

The main contributors to quarterly growth in Final demand were:

Electricity and gas supply (+13.3%), due to long term contract renewals reflecting the recent higher prices caused by supply disruptions.
Output of building construction (+1.1%), due to continued demand in other and non-residential construction, ongoing skilled labour shortages and costs for materials.
Education and training services (+3.7%), due to tertiary education course fee increases.

Offsetting the rise were price falls in:

Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing (-7.2%), due to a fall in global crude oil prices and high global fuel production.
Furniture and other manufacturing (-5.8%), due to reduced steel and timber prices, and lower shipping costs combined with exchange rate impacts.
Computer and electronic equipment manufacturing (-3.5%), due to lower shipping costs combined with exchange rate impacts.

Electricity and gas supply, and the Construction industry drove the quarterly increase in Final demand
Main contributors	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Electricity and gas supply; and water supply, sewerage and drainage services	13.3	22.6
Building construction	1.1	9.6
Tertiary education	3.7	3.9
Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing	-7.2	2.7
Furniture and other manufacturing	-5.8	0.3
Computer and electronic equipment manufacturing	-3.5	5.1

Electricity and gas supply, and the Construction industry drove the quarterly increase in Final demand

["Main contributors","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Electricity and gas supply; and water supply, sewerage and drainage services","Building construction","Tertiary education","Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing","Furniture and other manufacturing","Computer and electronic equipment manufacturing"],[[13.300000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[3.7000000000000002],[-7.2000000000000002],[-5.7999999999999998],[-3.5]],[[22.600000000000001],[9.5999999999999996],[3.8999999999999999],[2.7000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[5.0999999999999996]]]

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Rounding

Any discrepancies between totals and sums of components in this publication are due to rounding.

Construction

Input to the house construction industry

Input prices to the house construction industry rose 1.6%

Input prices to house construction increased 1.6% in the March quarter 2023, due to price rises in plasterboard, aluminium, glass and copper materials, primarily driven by high energy and transport costs. The rate of price rises has eased in recent quarters, following the historically high increases throughout 2022, as the supply of building materials improved due to increased domestic production and imports to meet demand. However, demand for materials remains high due to the volume of work already in the pipeline.

Over the past twelve months, Input prices to house construction rose 11.4%.

Input prices to house construction continued to rise, but have moderated in recent quarters
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Mar 2014	102.3	0.4	1.0
Jun 2014	103.9	1.6	2.4
Sep 2014	104.7	0.8	3.1
Dec 2014	104.8	0.1	2.8
Mar 2015	105.7	0.9	3.3
Jun 2015	107.5	1.7	3.5
Sep 2015	108.0	0.5	3.2
Dec 2015	108.6	0.6	3.6
Mar 2016	109.1	0.5	3.2
Jun 2016	110.6	1.4	2.9
Sep 2016	110.6	0.0	2.4
Dec 2016	111.0	0.4	2.2
Mar 2017	112.0	0.9	2.7
Jun 2017	112.8	0.7	2.0
Sep 2017	113.3	0.4	2.4
Dec 2017	114.0	0.6	2.7
Mar 2018	115.3	1.1	2.9
Jun 2018	116.0	0.6	2.8
Sep 2018	117.2	1.0	3.4
Dec 2018	117.7	0.4	3.2
Mar 2019	117.9	0.2	2.3
Jun 2019	118.1	0.2	1.8
Sep 2019	118.4	0.3	1.0
Dec 2019	118.4	0.0	0.6
Mar 2020	118.8	0.3	0.8
Jun 2020	120.2	1.2	1.8
Sep 2020	120.4	0.2	1.7
Dec 2020	120.5	0.1	1.8
Mar 2021	121.8	1.1	2.5
Jun 2021	125.0	2.6	4.0
Sep 2021	130.0	4.0	8.0
Dec 2021	134.9	3.8	12.0
Mar 2022	140.5	4.2	15.4
Jun 2022	146.6	4.3	17.3
Sep 2022	150.8	2.9	16.0
Dec 2022	154.1	2.2	14.2
Mar 2023	156.5	1.6	11.4

Input prices to house construction continued to rise, but have moderated in recent quarters

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Mar 2014","Jun 2014","Sep 2014","Dec 2014","Mar 2015","Jun 2015","Sep 2015","Dec 2015","Mar 2016","Jun 2016","Sep 2016","Dec 2016","Mar 2017","Jun 2017","Sep 2017","Dec 2017","Mar 2018","Jun 2018","Sep 2018","Dec 2018","Mar 2019","Jun 2019","Sep 2019","Dec 2019","Mar 2020","Jun 2020","Sep 2020","Dec 2020","Mar 2021","Jun 2021","Sep 2021","Dec 2021","Mar 2022","Jun 2022","Sep 2022","Dec 2022","Mar 2023"],[[102.3],[103.90000000000001],[104.7],[104.8],[105.7],[107.5],[108],[108.59999999999999],[109.09999999999999],[110.59999999999999],[110.59999999999999],[111],[112],[112.8],[113.3],[114],[115.3],[116],[117.2],[117.7],[117.90000000000001],[118.09999999999999],[118.40000000000001],[118.40000000000001],[118.8],[120.2],[120.40000000000001],[120.5],[121.8],[125],[130],[134.90000000000001],[140.5],[146.59999999999999],[150.80000000000001],[154.09999999999999],[156.5]],[[0.40000000000000002],[1.6000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004],[0.10000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[1.7],[0.5],[0.59999999999999998],[0.5],[1.3999999999999999],[0],[0.40000000000000002],[0.90000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.40000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[1.1000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[1],[0.40000000000000002],[0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0],[0.29999999999999999],[1.2],[0.20000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[4],[3.7999999999999998],[4.2000000000000002],[4.2999999999999998],[2.8999999999999999],[2.2000000000000002],[1.6000000000000001]],[[1],[2.3999999999999999],[3.1000000000000001],[2.7999999999999998],[3.2999999999999998],[3.5],[3.2000000000000002],[3.6000000000000001],[3.2000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[2.3999999999999999],[2.2000000000000002],[2.7000000000000002],[2],[2.3999999999999999],[2.7000000000000002],[2.8999999999999999],[2.7999999999999998],[3.3999999999999999],[3.2000000000000002],[2.2999999999999998],[1.8],[1],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[1.8],[1.7],[1.8],[2.5],[4],[8],[12],[15.4],[17.300000000000001],[16],[14.199999999999999],[11.4]]]

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Building material prices rose due to increased energy, labour and raw material costs. The main contributors were:

Other materials (+2.8%), driven by plaster products (+5.2%), due to increased energy and gas costs, coupled with transport costs.
Other metal products (+1.7%), driven by aluminium windows and doors (+2.6%), due to higher costs for aluminium, glass, transport, and labour.
Electrical equipment (+3.9%), driven by electric cable and conduit (+6.0%), due to increased costs for copper and PVC, coupled with higher transport costs.

Offsetting the rise, were price falls in:

Steel products (-4.4%), driven by steel beams and sections (-6.4%), due to improved supply conditions.

Input prices to house construction recorded rises due to raw material, manufacturing and transport costs
Main contributors	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Other materials	2.8	12.0
Other metal products	1.7	10.7
Electrical equipment	3.9	7.7
Steel products	-4.4	-1.0

Input prices to house construction recorded rises due to raw material, manufacturing and transport costs

["Main contributors","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Other materials","Other metal products","Electrical equipment","Steel products"],[[2.7999999999999998],[1.7],[3.8999999999999999],[-4.4000000000000004]],[[12],[10.699999999999999],[7.7000000000000002],[-1]]]

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Capital city price movements (Territory prices are not sampled):

Sydney (+1.9%), driven by Other materials (+4.8%).
Melbourne (+1.1%), driven by Other metal products (+1.4%).
Brisbane (+0.9%), driven by Other materials (+1.7%).
Adelaide (+1.2%), driven by Other materials (+2.4%).
Perth (+3.6%), driven by Ceramic products (+18.4%).
Hobart (+0.6%), driven by Electrical equipment (+2.5%).

Input prices to house construction have increased across all capital cities
City	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	1.6	11.4
SYD	1.9	12.3
MEL	1.1	10.4
BRI	0.9	11.7
ADE	1.2	10.5
PER	3.6	12.5
HOB	0.6	13.9

Input prices to house construction have increased across all capital cities

["City","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","SYD","MEL","BRI","ADE","PER","HOB"],[[1.6000000000000001],[1.8999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[1.2],[3.6000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998]],[[11.4],[12.300000000000001],[10.4],[11.699999999999999],[10.5],[12.5],[13.9]]]

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Output of the construction industry

Output prices of the construction industries

Building construction prices rose 1.1% this quarter and 9.4% over the past twelve months. While price increases continued to ease from the peak in June quarter 2022, this quarter’s rise remains stronger than those typically seen prior to March quarter 2021.

Shortages of skilled and unskilled labour, in addition to material price increases for structural components and internal fixings, continued to drive growth in the Output of construction industries this quarter. Ongoing activity across the construction industry continued to place pressure on demand for materials and labour.

The quarterly price movements by class were:

House construction (+0.8%).
Other residential building construction (+1.2%).
Non-residential construction (+1.3%).

Output prices of building construction continued to ease from the record growth seen in the June quarter 2022
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Mar 2014	102.5	0.3	1.5
Jun 2014	103.7	1.2	2.1
Sep 2014	104.7	1.0	2.7
Dec 2014	105.3	0.6	3.0
Mar 2015	106.1	0.8	3.5
Jun 2015	106.9	0.8	3.1
Sep 2015	107.4	0.5	2.6
Dec 2015	107.8	0.4	2.4
Mar 2016	108.0	0.2	1.8
Jun 2016	108.5	0.5	1.5
Sep 2016	108.9	0.4	1.4
Dec 2016	109.8	0.8	1.9
Mar 2017	110.5	0.6	2.3
Jun 2017	111.5	0.9	2.8
Sep 2017	112.0	0.4	2.8
Dec 2017	112.5	0.4	2.5
Mar 2018	112.9	0.4	2.2
Jun 2018	114.2	1.2	2.4
Sep 2018	114.6	0.4	2.3
Dec 2018	115.1	0.4	2.3
Mar 2019	115.3	0.2	2.1
Jun 2019	115.8	0.4	1.4
Sep 2019	115.8	0.0	1.0
Dec 2019	116.0	0.2	0.8
Mar 2020	116.0	0.0	0.6
Jun 2020	116.2	0.2	0.3
Sep 2020	116.2	0.0	0.3
Dec 2020	116.9	0.6	0.8
Mar 2021	117.8	0.8	1.6
Jun 2021	120.0	1.9	3.3
Sep 2021	122.5	2.1	5.4
Dec 2021	126.0	2.9	7.8
Mar 2022	129.7	2.9	10.1
Jun 2022	134.6	3.8	12.2
Sep 2022	138.2	2.7	12.8
Dec 2022	140.4	1.6	11.4
Mar 2023	141.9	1.1	9.4

Output prices of building construction continued to ease from the record growth seen in the June quarter 2022

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Mar 2014","Jun 2014","Sep 2014","Dec 2014","Mar 2015","Jun 2015","Sep 2015","Dec 2015","Mar 2016","Jun 2016","Sep 2016","Dec 2016","Mar 2017","Jun 2017","Sep 2017","Dec 2017","Mar 2018","Jun 2018","Sep 2018","Dec 2018","Mar 2019","Jun 2019","Sep 2019","Dec 2019","Mar 2020","Jun 2020","Sep 2020","Dec 2020","Mar 2021","Jun 2021","Sep 2021","Dec 2021","Mar 2022","Jun 2022","Sep 2022","Dec 2022","Mar 2023"],[[102.5],[103.7],[104.7],[105.3],[106.09999999999999],[106.90000000000001],[107.40000000000001],[107.8],[108],[108.5],[108.90000000000001],[109.8],[110.5],[111.5],[112],[112.5],[112.90000000000001],[114.2],[114.59999999999999],[115.09999999999999],[115.3],[115.8],[115.8],[116],[116],[116.2],[116.2],[116.90000000000001],[117.8],[120],[122.5],[126],[129.69999999999999],[134.59999999999999],[138.19999999999999],[140.40000000000001],[141.90000000000001]],[[0.29999999999999999],[1.2],[1],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[0.80000000000000004],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[0.20000000000000001],[0.5],[0.40000000000000002],[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0.90000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[1.2],[0.40000000000000002],[0.40000000000000002],[0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0],[0.20000000000000001],[0],[0.20000000000000001],[0],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[1.8999999999999999],[2.1000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[2.8999999999999999],[3.7999999999999998],[2.7000000000000002],[1.6000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001]],[[1.5],[2.1000000000000001],[2.7000000000000002],[3],[3.5],[3.1000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[2.3999999999999999],[1.8],[1.5],[1.3999999999999999],[1.8999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[2.7999999999999998],[2.5],[2.2000000000000002],[2.3999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[2.2999999999999998],[2.1000000000000001],[1.3999999999999999],[1],[0.80000000000000004],[0.59999999999999998],[0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[0.80000000000000004],[1.6000000000000001],[3.2999999999999998],[5.4000000000000004],[7.7999999999999998],[10.1],[12.199999999999999],[12.800000000000001],[11.4],[9.4000000000000004]]]

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House construction prices rose 0.8%

The House construction price rise was driven by increases in New South Wales, South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory. Labour shortages and higher wage costs were the main drivers for increases as material prices stabilised. Falls in Victoria and Queensland partially offset the rise this quarter due to builders increasing bonus offers to remain competitive. Increased interest rates and construction costs have resulted in subdued interest in the market.

Over the past twelve months, House construction prices rose 12.6%.

Wage costs from labour shortages drove House construction prices
State	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	0.8	12.6
NSW	3.4	15.4
VIC	-1.1	12.0
QLD	-0.2	11.5
SA	2.6	16.7
WA	0.4	7.2
TAS	1.4	13.1
NT	0.0	2.8
ACT	6.4	15.8

Wage costs from labour shortages drove House construction prices

["State","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","NSW","VIC","QLD","SA","WA","TAS","NT","ACT"],[[0.80000000000000004],[3.3999999999999999],[-1.1000000000000001],[-0.20000000000000001],[2.6000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[1.3999999999999999],[0],[6.4000000000000004]],[[12.6],[15.4],[12],[11.5],[16.699999999999999],[7.2000000000000002],[13.1],[2.7999999999999998],[15.800000000000001]]]

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Other residential building construction prices rose 1.2%

Growth in Other residential construction prices was driven by New South Wales, Queensland and South Australia. Ongoing labour shortages for skilled trades placed upward pressure on project costs. High demand for concrete based structural components and internal fixings due to manufacturing delays and increased construction demand drove material price increases this quarter.

Over the past twelve months, Other residential building construction prices rose 7.5%.

Other residential construction prices rose due to manufacturing costs and skilled labour shortages
State	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	1.2	7.5
NSW	1.7	8.2
VIC	0.6	8.6
QLD	1.5	6.2
SA	1.1	7.2
WA	0.5	2.6
TAS	0.6	8.7
NT	0.8	7.6
ACT	0.4	2.0

Other residential construction prices rose due to manufacturing costs and skilled labour shortages

["State","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","NSW","VIC","QLD","SA","WA","TAS","NT","ACT"],[[1.2],[1.7],[0.59999999999999998],[1.5],[1.1000000000000001],[0.5],[0.59999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[0.40000000000000002]],[[7.5],[8.1999999999999993],[8.5999999999999996],[6.2000000000000002],[7.2000000000000002],[2.6000000000000001],[8.6999999999999993],[7.5999999999999996],[2]]]

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Non-residential construction prices rose 1.3%

Non-residential construction prices increased, driven by New South Wales, Queensland and South Australia. Ongoing strong demand for skilled trades was the primary cost pressure, along with high prices for concrete based materials and internal fixings. Strong demand from within the construction industry, as well as across the mining sector, continues to place pressure on already stretched resources from the non-residential market.

Over the past twelve months, Non-residential building construction prices rose 8.0%.

Non-residential construction prices rose due to increased material costs and strong demand for skilled labour
State	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
AUST	1.3	8.0
NSW	2.0	8.7
VIC	0.8	8.5
QLD	1.4	8.4
SA	1.1	6.4
WA	0.8	3.0
TAS	0.8	8.8
NT	0.8	8.8
ACT	0.4	2.3

Non-residential construction prices rose due to increased material costs and strong demand for skilled labour

["State","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["AUST","NSW","VIC","QLD","SA","WA","TAS","NT","ACT"],[[1.3],[2],[0.80000000000000004],[1.3999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004],[0.80000000000000004],[0.80000000000000004],[0.40000000000000002]],[[8],[8.6999999999999993],[8.5],[8.4000000000000004],[6.4000000000000004],[3],[8.8000000000000007],[8.8000000000000007],[2.2999999999999998]]]

[]

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Heavy and civil engineering construction prices rose 0.4%

Other heavy and civil engineering construction prices rose due to concrete price increases resulting from high energy and manufacturing costs, and wage cost rises from labour shortages. Falls in steel prices and the impact of the USD exchange rate partially offset these increases.
Road and bridge construction prices rose due to increased costs for concrete and bitumen, driven by high energy and manufacturing costs, coupled with strong global demand and limited supply.

Heavy and civil engineering construction prices rose 7.5% over the past twelve months.

Heavy and civil engineering construction growth eased as falls in steel prices offset increases in energy and manufacturing costs
Quarter	index no. Heavy & civil	Other heavy & civil (% change)	Road and bridge (% change)
Sep-20	117.2	0.1	0.3
Dec-20	117.6	0.2	0.6
Mar-21	117.9	0.4	-0.2
Jun-21	119.9	1.7	1.7
Sep-21	122.5	2.3	1.4
Dec-21	124.2	1.4	1.3
Mar-22	127.1	2.3	2.7
Jun-22	130.7	2.7	3.0
Sep-22	134.2	2.7	2.7
Dec-22	136.1	1.3	2.1
Mar-23	136.6	0.2	0.9

Heavy and civil engineering construction growth eased as falls in steel prices offset increases in energy and manufacturing costs

["Quarter","index no. Heavy & civil","Other heavy & civil","Road and bridge"]

[["Sep-20","Dec-20","Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[117.2],[117.59999999999999],[117.90000000000001],[119.90000000000001],[122.5],[124.2],[127.09999999999999],[130.69999999999999],[134.19999999999999],[136.09999999999999],[136.59999999999999]],[[0.10000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[1.7],[2.2999999999999998],[1.3999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[2.7000000000000002],[2.7000000000000002],[1.3],[0.20000000000000001]],[[0.29999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[-0.20000000000000001],[1.7],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3],[2.7000000000000002],[3],[2.7000000000000002],[2.1000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002]]]

[]

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Mining industries

Input to the coal mining industry

Diesel price falls drove the decrease in Input prices to coal mining
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Mar 2014	107.7	1.5	2.8
Jun 2014	106.6	-1.0	2.9
Sep 2014	105.4	-1.1	-1.0
Dec 2014	102.4	-2.8	-3.5
Mar 2015	98.5	-3.8	-8.5
Jun 2015	100.8	2.3	-5.4
Sep 2015	100.7	-0.1	-4.5
Dec 2015	99.8	-0.9	-2.5
Mar 2016	98.4	-1.4	-0.1
Jun 2016	98.6	0.2	-2.2
Sep 2016	99.4	0.8	-1.3
Dec 2016	100.5	1.1	0.7
Mar 2017	101.6	1.1	3.3
Jun 2017	101.5	-0.1	2.9
Sep 2017	101.7	0.2	2.3
Dec 2017	103.3	1.6	2.8
Mar 2018	104.8	1.5	3.1
Jun 2018	105.6	0.8	4.0
Sep 2018	107.0	1.3	5.2
Dec 2018	108.6	1.5	5.1
Mar 2019	108.1	-0.5	3.1
Jun 2019	108.8	0.6	3.0
Sep 2019	109.1	0.3	2.0
Dec 2019	109.6	0.5	0.9
Mar 2020	109.7	0.1	1.5
Jun 2020	106.3	-3.1	-2.3
Sep 2020	107.3	0.9	-1.6
Dec 2020	107.0	-0.3	-2.4
Mar 2021	107.6	0.6	-1.9
Jun 2021	109.2	1.5	2.7
Sep 2021	111.9	2.5	4.3
Dec 2021	115.4	3.1	7.9
Mar 2022	117.4	1.7	9.1
Jun 2022	121.9	3.8	11.6
Sep 2022	125.1	2.6	11.8
Dec 2022	127.1	1.6	10.1
Mar 2023	126.8	-0.2	8.0

Output of the mining industry

Quarterly domestic gas extraction prices stabilised in the March quarter
Quarter	index no	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Jun-18	144.7	-0.1	24.8
Sep-18	149.5	3.3	12.5
Dec-18	151.3	1.2	13.6
Mar-19	147.0	-2.8	1.5
Jun-19	151.8	3.3	4.9
Sep-19	155.0	2.1	3.7
Dec-19	148.8	-4.0	-1.7
Mar-20	154.8	4.0	5.3
Jun-20	146.6	-5.3	-3.4
Sep-20	132.2	-9.8	-14.7
Dec-20	137.8	4.2	-7.4
Mar-21	144.1	4.6	-6.9
Jun-21	151.1	4.9	3.1
Sep-21	165.5	9.5	25.2
Dec-21	173.8	5.0	26.1
Mar-22	190.0	9.3	31.9
Jun-22	215.5	13.4	42.6
Sep-22	262.3	21.7	58.5
Dec-22	215.9	-17.7	24.2
Mar-23	219.3	1.6	15.4

Quarterly change in prices for domestic gas extraction, by market
Quarter	East Coast (% change)	West Coast (% change)
Jun-18	1.3	-7.2
Sep-18	3.1	4.5
Dec-18	1.9	-2.3
Mar-19	-3.1	-1.4
Jun-19	3.5	1.8
Sep-19	2.1	1.9
Dec-19	-4.4	-1.8
Mar-20	4.7	0.6
Jun-20	-6.6	2.4
Sep-20	-10.0	-9.2
Dec-20	4.9	1.1
Mar-21	5.4	0.3
Jun-21	5.5	0.8
Sep-21	10.4	4.7
Dec-21	6.3	-3.0
Mar-22	11.6	0.4
Jun-22	15.9	2.9
Sep-22	25.8	2.4
Dec-22	-21.7	5.6
Mar-23	3.9	-8.4

Manufacturing

Input to the manufacturing industry

Input prices to manufacturing rose 0.6%

Input prices to manufacturing rose 0.6% over the quarter and rose 5.0% over the past twelve months.

Input prices to manufacturing rose in March quarter 2023
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Mar 2014	102.8	2.4	3.1
Jun 2014	101.8	-1.0	4.0
Sep 2014	100.7	-1.1	-0.3
Dec 2014	100.0	-0.7	-0.4
Mar 2015	98.1	-1.9	-4.6
Jun 2015	99.9	1.8	-1.9
Sep 2015	100.1	0.2	-0.6
Dec 2015	98.1	-2.0	-1.9
Mar 2016	97.1	-1.0	-1.0
Jun 2016	98.0	0.9	-1.9
Sep 2016	100.0	2.0	-0.1
Dec 2016	100.3	0.3	2.2
Mar 2017	102.0	1.7	5.0
Jun 2017	102.1	0.1	4.2
Sep 2017	101.5	-0.6	1.5
Dec 2017	103.3	1.8	3.0
Mar 2018	106.2	2.8	4.1
Jun 2018	108.6	2.3	6.4
Sep 2018	109.5	0.8	7.9
Dec 2018	109.7	0.2	6.2
Mar 2019	110.4	0.6	4.0
Jun 2019	112.8	2.2	3.9
Sep 2019	115.0	2.0	5.0
Dec 2019	113.8	-1.0	3.7
Mar 2020	115.5	1.5	4.6
Jun 2020	114.5	-0.9	1.5
Sep 2020	114.7	0.2	-0.3
Dec 2020	115.1	0.3	1.1
Mar 2021	117.6	2.2	1.8
Jun 2021	122.0	3.7	6.6
Sep 2021	127.6	4.6	11.2
Dec 2021	131.2	2.8	14.0
Mar 2022	139.3	6.2	18.5
Jun 2022	143.6	3.1	17.7
Sep 2022	145.8	1.5	14.3
Dec 2022	145.4	-0.3	10.8
Mar 2023	146.3	0.6	5.0

Input prices to manufacturing rose in March quarter 2023

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Mar 2014","Jun 2014","Sep 2014","Dec 2014","Mar 2015","Jun 2015","Sep 2015","Dec 2015","Mar 2016","Jun 2016","Sep 2016","Dec 2016","Mar 2017","Jun 2017","Sep 2017","Dec 2017","Mar 2018","Jun 2018","Sep 2018","Dec 2018","Mar 2019","Jun 2019","Sep 2019","Dec 2019","Mar 2020","Jun 2020","Sep 2020","Dec 2020","Mar 2021","Jun 2021","Sep 2021","Dec 2021","Mar 2022","Jun 2022","Sep 2022","Dec 2022","Mar 2023"],[[102.8],[101.8],[100.7],[100],[98.099999999999994],[99.900000000000006],[100.09999999999999],[98.099999999999994],[97.099999999999994],[98],[100],[100.3],[102],[102.09999999999999],[101.5],[103.3],[106.2],[108.59999999999999],[109.5],[109.7],[110.40000000000001],[112.8],[115],[113.8],[115.5],[114.5],[114.7],[115.09999999999999],[117.59999999999999],[122],[127.59999999999999],[131.19999999999999],[139.30000000000001],[143.59999999999999],[145.80000000000001],[145.40000000000001],[146.30000000000001]],[[2.3999999999999999],[-1],[-1.1000000000000001],[-0.69999999999999996],[-1.8999999999999999],[1.8],[0.20000000000000001],[-2],[-1],[0.90000000000000002],[2],[0.29999999999999999],[1.7],[0.10000000000000001],[-0.59999999999999998],[1.8],[2.7999999999999998],[2.2999999999999998],[0.80000000000000004],[0.20000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[2.2000000000000002],[2],[-1],[1.5],[-0.90000000000000002],[0.20000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[2.2000000000000002],[3.7000000000000002],[4.5999999999999996],[2.7999999999999998],[6.2000000000000002],[3.1000000000000001],[1.5],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998]],[[3.1000000000000001],[4],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.40000000000000002],[-4.5999999999999996],[-1.8999999999999999],[-0.59999999999999998],[-1.8999999999999999],[-1],[-1.8999999999999999],[-0.10000000000000001],[2.2000000000000002],[5],[4.2000000000000002],[1.5],[3],[4.0999999999999996],[6.4000000000000004],[7.9000000000000004],[6.2000000000000002],[4],[3.8999999999999999],[5],[3.7000000000000002],[4.5999999999999996],[1.5],[-0.29999999999999999],[1.1000000000000001],[1.8],[6.5999999999999996],[11.199999999999999],[14],[18.5],[17.699999999999999],[14.300000000000001],[10.800000000000001],[5]]]

[]

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The main contributors to input price rises to the manufacturing industries were:

Metal ore mining to manufacturing (+6.4%), due to a rise in investor demand for gold, with high inflation and broader economic uncertainty driving more safe haven investment.
Electricity supply to manufacturing (+32.9%), due to the pass through of higher contract prices from rising wholesale electricity prices.
Coal mining to manufacturing (+14.7%), due to increased demand for coking coal as an input to steel production.

Offsetting the rise, were price falls in:

Agriculture to manufacturing (-3.9%), due to an increase in cattle slaughter rates and a decrease in the cost of stock feed.
Basic chemical production to manufacturing (-8.6%), due to a fall in the price of caustic soda as demand weakened following historically high prices.
Primary metal production to manufacturing (-3.3%), due to a fall in the price of imported iron and steel products following a decline in global economic confidence and the appreciation of the AUD.

Metal ore mining, Electricity supply, and Coal mining drove the rise in quarterly Input prices to manufacturing
Main contributors	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Metal ore mining	6.4	2.7
Electricity supply	32.9	43.5
Coal mining	14.7	-16.5
Agriculture	-3.9	-2.7
Basic chemical and chemical product manufacturing	-8.6	-0.4
Primary metal manufacturing	-3.3	-3.3

 Metal ore mining, Electricity supply, and Coal mining drove the rise in quarterly Input prices to manufacturing

["Main contributors","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Metal ore mining","Electricity supply","Coal mining","Agriculture","Basic chemical and chemical product manufacturing","Primary metal manufacturing"],[[6.4000000000000004],[32.899999999999999],[14.699999999999999],[-3.8999999999999999],[-8.5999999999999996],[-3.2999999999999998]],[[2.7000000000000002],[43.5],[-16.5],[-2.7000000000000002],[-0.40000000000000002],[-3.2999999999999998]]]

[]

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Output of the manufacturing industry

Output prices of the manufacturing industries fell 0.6%

Output prices of the manufacturing industries fell 0.6% over the March quarter 2023 and rose 6.0% over the past twelve months.

The Output prices of manufacturing fell for the first quarter since September quarter 2020
Quarter	index no.	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Mar 2014	103.6	2.0	3.9
Jun 2014	103.5	-0.1	3.7
Sep 2014	103.8	0.3	2.4
Dec 2014	104.1	0.3	2.5
Mar 2015	103.4	-0.7	-0.2
Jun 2015	104.6	1.2	1.1
Sep 2015	104.5	-0.1	0.7
Dec 2015	103.6	-0.9	-0.5
Mar 2016	102.3	-1.3	-1.1
Jun 2016	102.9	0.6	-1.6
Sep 2016	103.8	0.9	-0.7
Dec 2016	104.7	0.9	1.1
Mar 2017	105.9	1.1	3.5
Jun 2017	106.7	0.8	3.7
Sep 2017	105.9	-0.7	2.0
Dec 2017	108.4	2.4	3.5
Mar 2018	109.4	0.9	3.3
Jun 2018	112.2	2.6	5.2
Sep 2018	113.2	0.9	6.9
Dec 2018	114.2	0.9	5.4
Mar 2019	114.5	0.3	4.7
Jun 2019	115.6	1.0	3.0
Sep 2019	116.9	1.1	3.3
Dec 2019	117.3	0.3	2.7
Mar 2020	118.2	0.8	3.2
Jun 2020	116.9	-1.1	1.1
Sep 2020	116.6	-0.3	-0.3
Dec 2020	117.0	0.3	-0.3
Mar 2021	118.2	1.0	0.0
Jun 2021	121.0	2.4	3.5
Sep 2021	125.7	3.9	7.8
Dec 2021	130.7	4.0	11.7
Mar 2022	136.0	4.1	15.1
Jun 2022	142.9	5.1	18.1
Sep 2022	143.5	0.4	14.2
Dec 2022	144.9	1.0	10.9
Mar 2023	144.1	-0.6	6.0

The Output prices of manufacturing fell for the first quarter since September quarter 2020

["Quarter","index no.","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Mar 2014","Jun 2014","Sep 2014","Dec 2014","Mar 2015","Jun 2015","Sep 2015","Dec 2015","Mar 2016","Jun 2016","Sep 2016","Dec 2016","Mar 2017","Jun 2017","Sep 2017","Dec 2017","Mar 2018","Jun 2018","Sep 2018","Dec 2018","Mar 2019","Jun 2019","Sep 2019","Dec 2019","Mar 2020","Jun 2020","Sep 2020","Dec 2020","Mar 2021","Jun 2021","Sep 2021","Dec 2021","Mar 2022","Jun 2022","Sep 2022","Dec 2022","Mar 2023"],[[103.59999999999999],[103.5],[103.8],[104.09999999999999],[103.40000000000001],[104.59999999999999],[104.5],[103.59999999999999],[102.3],[102.90000000000001],[103.8],[104.7],[105.90000000000001],[106.7],[105.90000000000001],[108.40000000000001],[109.40000000000001],[112.2],[113.2],[114.2],[114.5],[115.59999999999999],[116.90000000000001],[117.3],[118.2],[116.90000000000001],[116.59999999999999],[117],[118.2],[121],[125.7],[130.69999999999999],[136],[142.90000000000001],[143.5],[144.90000000000001],[144.09999999999999]],[[2],[-0.10000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[-0.69999999999999996],[1.2],[-0.10000000000000001],[-0.90000000000000002],[-1.3],[0.59999999999999998],[0.90000000000000002],[0.90000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004],[-0.69999999999999996],[2.3999999999999999],[0.90000000000000002],[2.6000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.90000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[1],[1.1000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.80000000000000004],[-1.1000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[0.29999999999999999],[1],[2.3999999999999999],[3.8999999999999999],[4],[4.0999999999999996],[5.0999999999999996],[0.40000000000000002],[1],[-0.59999999999999998]],[[3.8999999999999999],[3.7000000000000002],[2.3999999999999999],[2.5],[-0.20000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[-0.5],[-1.1000000000000001],[-1.6000000000000001],[-0.69999999999999996],[1.1000000000000001],[3.5],[3.7000000000000002],[2],[3.5],[3.2999999999999998],[5.2000000000000002],[6.9000000000000004],[5.4000000000000004],[4.7000000000000002],[3],[3.2999999999999998],[2.7000000000000002],[3.2000000000000002],[1.1000000000000001],[-0.29999999999999999],[-0.29999999999999999],[0],[3.5],[7.7999999999999998],[11.699999999999999],[15.1],[18.100000000000001],[14.199999999999999],[10.9],[6]]]

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The main contributors to fall in the Output of the manufacturing industries were:

Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing (-10.6%), due to a fall in crude oil prices driven by a build up in inventories and softening demand from ongoing economic uncertainty.
Meat processing (-10.9%), due to a fall in global beef prices with the US increasing their slaughter rates in response to ongoing drought conditions.
Iron smelting and steel manufacturing (-3.8%), due to a fall in demand for iron and steel products.

Offsetting the fall, were price rises in:

Other basic non-ferrous metal manufacturing (+3.0%), due to a rise in investor demand for gold as it is viewed as a safe haven asset during times of economic uncertainty.
Basic inorganic chemical manufacturing (+14.4%), due to a rise in lithium prices in line with long term export contracts reflecting a strong increase in price in late 2022.

Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing drove the fall in quarterly Output prices of manufacturing
Main contributors	quarter (% change)	annual (% change)
Other basic non-ferrous metal manufacturing	3.0	5.5
Basic inorganic chemical manufacturing	14.4	81.3
Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing	-10.6	3.4
Meat processing	-10.9	-11.8
Iron smelting and steel manufacturing	-3.8	-6.9

Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing drove the fall in quarterly Output prices of manufacturing

["Main contributors","quarter (% change)","annual (% change)"]

[["Other basic non-ferrous metal manufacturing","Basic inorganic chemical manufacturing","Petroleum refining and petroleum fuel manufacturing","Meat processing","Iron smelting and steel manufacturing"],[[3],[14.4],[-10.6],[-10.9],[-3.7999999999999998]],[[5.5],[81.299999999999997],[3.3999999999999999],[-11.800000000000001],[-6.9000000000000004]]]

[]

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Services

Output of the services industries

Accommodation and food services prices rose, driven by:

Accommodation services (+4.2%), due to returning international travellers and increased demand from domestic travellers.
Cafes, restaurants, and takeaway food services (+0.7%), due to higher input and operating costs.

Over the past twelve months:

Accommodation services prices rose 24.6%.
Cafes, restaurants, and takeaway food services prices rose 5.9%.

Accommodation and food services prices rose due to increased demand and higher input costs
Quarter	Accommodation (% change)	Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services (% change)
Mar-21	0.2	0.5
Jun-21	4.0	0.3
Sep-21	-5.7	1.3
Dec-21	9.8	1.2
Mar-22	2.8	1.1
Jun-22	9.0	2.1
Sep-22	2.0	1.0
Dec-22	7.6	2.0
Mar-23	4.2	0.7

Accommodation and food services prices rose due to increased demand and higher input costs

["Quarter","Accommodation","Cafes, restaurants and takeaway food services"]

[["Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[0.20000000000000001],[4],[-5.7000000000000002],[9.8000000000000007],[2.7999999999999998],[9],[2],[7.5999999999999996],[4.2000000000000002]],[[0.5],[0.29999999999999999],[1.3],[1.2],[1.1000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[1],[2],[0.69999999999999996]]]

[]

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Transport, postal and warehousing prices fell, driven by:

Road freight transport (-0.5%), due to falling fuel prices and adjustments to contract prices.
Water freight transport (-7.7%), due to continued easing of global supply chain congestion.

Partially offsetting the fall was:

Water transport support services (+2.3%), driven by a rise in prices following annual price reviews.

Over the past twelve months:

Road freight transport prices rose 10.5%.
Water freight transport prices fell 6.8%.
Water transport support services rose 5.2%.

Transport, postal and warehousing prices fell due to falling fuel prices and increased capacity
Quarter	Road freight transport (% change)	Water freight transport (% change)	Water transport support services (% change)
Mar-21	0.4	-5.5	0.1
Jun-21	1.2	38.6	0.1
Sep-21	0.9	42.7	0.1
Dec-21	1.5	34.4	0.9
Mar-22	1.6	-0.6	-3.7
Jun-22	4.1	0.1	0.7
Sep-22	5.9	2.9	0.9
Dec-22	0.7	-2.1	1.3
Mar-23	-0.5	-7.7	2.3

Transport, postal and warehousing prices fell due to falling fuel prices and increased capacity

["Quarter","Road freight transport","Water freight transport","Water transport support services"]

[["Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[0.40000000000000002],[1.2],[0.90000000000000002],[1.5],[1.6000000000000001],[4.0999999999999996],[5.9000000000000004],[0.69999999999999996],[-0.5]],[[-5.5],[38.600000000000001],[42.700000000000003],[34.399999999999999],[-0.59999999999999998],[0.10000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[-2.1000000000000001],[-7.7000000000000002]],[[0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[-3.7000000000000002],[0.69999999999999996],[0.90000000000000002],[1.3],[2.2999999999999998]]]

[]

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Rental, hiring and real estate services prices rose, driven by:

Non-residential property operators (+2.4%), due to further rises in industrial rents as demand for warehouses and distribution centres continued to outstrip supply.
Other goods and equipment rental and hiring (+0.3%), due to increased labour and equipment purchase costs.

This was partially offset by:

Real estate services (-2.8%), due to lower residential property prices impacting fees received for sales, and a reduction in new properties coming onto the market resulting in increased service competition.

Over the past twelve months:

Non-residential property operators prices rose 9.0%.
Other goods and equipment rental and hiring prices rose 5.0%.
Real estate services prices rose 1.0%.

Rental, hiring and real estate prices rose due to continued increases in industrial rents amid high demand and low vacancies
Quarter	Non-residential property operators (% change)	Other goods and equipment rental and hiring (% change)	Real estate services (% change)
Mar-21	1.4	-0.2	1.3
Jun-21	0.1	0.2	2.3
Sep-21	0.6	0.4	2.4
Dec-21	0.4	0.6	3.5
Mar-22	1.5	2.0	4.2
Jun-22	2.0	1.9	2.8
Sep-22	2.8	1.4	0.1
Dec-22	1.5	1.3	0.9
Mar-23	2.4	0.3	-2.8

Rental, hiring and real estate prices rose due to continued increases in industrial rents amid high demand and low vacancies

["Quarter","Non-residential property operators","Other goods and equipment rental and hiring","Real estate services"]

[["Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[1.3999999999999999],[0.10000000000000001],[0.59999999999999998],[0.40000000000000002],[1.5],[2],[2.7999999999999998],[1.5],[2.3999999999999999]],[[-0.20000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[0.40000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[2],[1.8999999999999999],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3],[0.29999999999999999]],[[1.3],[2.2999999999999998],[2.3999999999999999],[3.5],[4.2000000000000002],[2.7999999999999998],[0.10000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[-2.7999999999999998]]]

[]

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Professional, scientific and technical services prices rose, driven by:

Architectural, engineering and technical services (+0.8%), due to high demand for engineering services across infrastructure programs, and the tight labour market.
Management advice and related consulting services (+1.2%), due to rises from annual pricing reviews.
Legal and accounting services (+0.5%), due to competition in the skilled labour market for staff.

Over the past twelve months:

Architectural, engineering and technical services prices rose 4.2%.
Management advice and related consulting services prices rose 3.8%.
Legal and accounting services prices rose 3.6%.

Professional, scientific and technical services rose due to labour cost pressures from ongoing shortages of skilled labour
Quarter	Architectural, engineering and technical services (% change)	Management advice and related consulting services (% change)	Legal and accounting services (% change)
Mar-21	1.2	0.6	1.0
Jun-21	0.4	0.7	0.6
Sep-21	2.8	0.4	1.3
Dec-21	0.9	1.4	0.4
Mar-22	0.3	1.3	0.5
Jun-22	2.3	0.3	0.8
Sep-22	0.9	1.6	1.5
Dec-22	0.2	0.8	0.8
Mar-23	0.8	1.2	0.5

Professional, scientific and technical services rose due to labour cost pressures from ongoing shortages of skilled labour

["Quarter"," Architectural, engineering and technical services","Management advice and related consulting services","Legal and accounting services"]

[["Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[1.2],[0.40000000000000002],[2.7999999999999998],[0.90000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[2.2999999999999998],[0.90000000000000002],[0.20000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004]],[[0.59999999999999998],[0.69999999999999996],[0.40000000000000002],[1.3999999999999999],[1.3],[0.29999999999999999],[1.6000000000000001],[0.80000000000000004],[1.2]],[[1],[0.59999999999999998],[1.3],[0.40000000000000002],[0.5],[0.80000000000000004],[1.5],[0.80000000000000004],[0.5]]]

[]

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Education and training services

Education and training services prices rose in the March quarter 2023 due to fee increases across a number of universities and course levels. Price rises were recorded in:

Higher education, domestic (+2.9%), and
Higher education, exports (+2.7%).

Education and training services rose due to increases in tuition course fees, material costs and CPI indexation
Quarter	Higher education, Domestic	Higher education, Exports
Mar-21	-1.8	0.9
Jun-21	0.0	0.0
Sep-21	0.0	0.0
Dec-21	0.0	0.0
Mar-22	0.5	4.3
Jun-22	0.0	0.0
Sep-22	0.0	0.0
Dec-22	0.0	0.0
Mar-23	2.9	2.7

Education and training services rose due to increases in tuition course fees, material costs and CPI indexation

["Quarter","Higher education, Domestic","Higher education, Exports"]

[["Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[-1.8],[0],[0],[0],[0.5],[0],[0],[0],[2.8999999999999999]],[[0.90000000000000002],[0],[0],[0],[4.2999999999999998],[0],[0],[0],[2.7000000000000002]]]

[]

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Health care and social assistance industries rose, driven by:

Medical services (+1.4%), driven by rises in fees for general practice medical services.
Allied health services (+1.1%), driven by dental services due to the increase in the cost of consumables and business running costs.
Child care services (+1.5%), due to increases in labour and gross operating costs.

Over the past twelve months:

Medical services prices rose 3.6%.
Allied health services rose 3.7%.
Child care prices rose 5.2%.

Health care and social assistance industries prices rose due to increases in operating costs
Quarter	Medical services (% change)	Child care services (% change)	Allied health services (% change)
Mar-21	0.4	1.6	0.1
Jun-21	0.1	1.7	0.1
Sep-21	1.1	2.1	0.7
Dec-21	0.3	0.2	0.2
Mar-22	0.4	2.1	0.9
Jun-22	0.3	0.1	0.6
Sep-22	1.5	2.9	1.4
Dec-22	0.3	0.7	0.6
Mar-23	1.4	1.5	1.1

Health care and social assistance industries prices rose due to increases in operating costs

["Quarter","Medical services","Child care services","Allied health services"]

[["Mar-21","Jun-21","Sep-21","Dec-21","Mar-22","Jun-22","Sep-22","Dec-22","Mar-23"],[[0.40000000000000002],[0.10000000000000001],[1.1000000000000001],[0.29999999999999999],[0.40000000000000002],[0.29999999999999999],[1.5],[0.29999999999999999],[1.3999999999999999]],[[1.6000000000000001],[1.7],[2.1000000000000001],[0.20000000000000001],[2.1000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[2.8999999999999999],[0.69999999999999996],[1.5]],[[0.10000000000000001],[0.10000000000000001],[0.69999999999999996],[0.20000000000000001],[0.90000000000000002],[0.59999999999999998],[1.3999999999999999],[0.59999999999999998],[1.1000000000000001]]]

[]

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Data downloads

Download all (1.18 MB)

Time series

Data files

Table 1. Final demand, Index Numbers and Percentage Changes.
Download xlsx [47.79 KB]
Table 11. Input to the Coal mining industry, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [49.16 KB]
Table 12. Output of the Manufacturing industries, division, subdivision, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [239.41 KB]
Table 13. Input to the Manufacturing industries, division and selected industries, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [103.89 KB]
Table 14. Input to the Manufacturing industries, subdivision index numbers
Download xlsx [60.22 KB]
Table 17. Output of the Construction industries, subdivision and class index numbers
Download xlsx [76.51 KB]
Table 18. Input to the House construction industry, six state capital cities, weighted average and city, index numbers and percentage changes
Download xlsx [180.55 KB]
Table 20. Output of the Accommodation and food services industries, group index numbers
Download xlsx [46.74 KB]
Table 21. Output of the Transport, postal and warehousing industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [58.01 KB]
Table 22. Output of the Information media and telecommunications industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [52.2 KB]
Table 23. Output of the Rental, hiring and real estate services industries, subdivision, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [51.05 KB]
Table 24. Output of the Professional, scientific and technical services industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [54.77 KB]
Table 25. Output of the Administrative and support services industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [53.15 KB]
Table 26. Output of the Public administration and safety industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [46.12 KB]
Table 27. Output of the Other services industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [48.06 KB]
Table 34. Output of the Education and training industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [45.82 KB]
Table 35. Output of the Health care and social assistance industries, group and class index numbers
Download xlsx [49.44 KB]
Table 36. Output of the Mining industries, index numbers
Download xlsx [45.91 KB]

Download all (84.48 KB)

Datacubes

Data files

Table 5 Final demand: contribution to final demand index by industry - index points
Download xlsx [27.73 KB]
Table 28 Contribution to input to the manufacturing industries index, subdivision and index points
Download xlsx [26.77 KB]
Table 29 Contribution to output of the manufacturing industries index, group and index points
Download xlsx [23.71 KB]
Table 30 Contribution to input to the house construction industry index, weighted average of six state capital cities, index points
Download xlsx [23.43 KB]

Data Explorer datasets

Caution: Data in Data Explorer is currently released after the 11:30am release on the ABS website. Please check the reference period when using Data Explorer.

For more information about Data Explorer, see the Data Explorer user guide.

Final demand

Construction

Mining industries

Manufacturing

Services

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 6427.0.

Using price indexes

Price indexes in contracts

Price indexes published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) provide summary measures of the movements in various categories of prices over time. They are published primarily for use in Government economic analysis. Price indexes are also often used in contracts by businesses and government to adjust payments and/or charges to take account of changes in categories of prices (Indexation Clauses).

Use of Price Indexes in Contracts sets out a range of issues that should be taken into account by parties considering including an Indexation Clause in a contract using an ABS published price index.

Changes in this release

From the March quarter 2023, the following additional indexes have been included in the Time Series Spreadsheets:

Table 35. Output of the Health care and social assistance industries will include group and class index numbers for:

Group 853 Allied health services
Class 8531 Dental services
Class 8532 Optometry and optical dispensing
Class 8533 Physiotherapy services
Class 8534 Chiropractic and osteopathic services
Class 8591 Ambulance services

The following Producer Price Index includes a re-weight this quarter:

440 Accommodation

See the full history of changes.

Additional information

The compilation of the quarterly Producer Price Index for the Output of the Retail Trade Industry, normally released as an additional update of the Producer Price Indexes, Australia (ABS cat. No. 6427.0), has been paused indefinitely as a result of changing priorities within the ABS as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

APA

Producer Price Indexes, Australia

APA

Key statistics

What are the Producer Price Indexes (PPIs)?

What is Final demand?

Post Release Changes

Changes in future issues

Quarterly overview

The main contributors to quarterly growth in Final demand were:

Rounding

Construction

Input to the house construction industry

Input prices to the house construction industry rose 1.6%

Output of the construction industry

Output prices of the construction industries

House construction prices rose 0.8%

Other residential building construction prices rose 1.2%

Non-residential construction prices rose 1.3%

Heavy and civil engineering construction prices rose 0.4%

Mining industries

Input to the coal mining industry

Input to the coal mining industry fell 0.2%

Output of the mining industry

Gas extraction, domestic rose 1.6%

Manufacturing

Input to the manufacturing industry

Input prices to manufacturing rose 0.6%

Output of the manufacturing industry

Output prices of the manufacturing industries fell 0.6%

Services

Output of the services industries

Accommodation and food services prices rose, driven by:

Transport, postal and warehousing prices fell, driven by:

Rental, hiring and real estate services prices rose, driven by:

Professional, scientific and technical services prices rose, driven by:

Education and training services

Health care and social assistance industries rose, driven by:

Data downloads

Time series

Table 1. Final demand, Index Numbers and Percentage Changes.

Table 11. Input to the Coal mining industry, index numbers and percentage changes

Table 12. Output of the Manufacturing industries, division, subdivision, group and class index numbers

Table 13. Input to the Manufacturing industries, division and selected industries, index numbers and percentage changes

Table 14. Input to the Manufacturing industries, subdivision index numbers

Table 17. Output of the Construction industries, subdivision and class index numbers

Table 18. Input to the House construction industry, six state capital cities, weighted average and city, index numbers and percentage changes

Table 20. Output of the Accommodation and food services industries, group index numbers

Table 21. Output of the Transport, postal and warehousing industries, group and class index numbers

Table 22. Output of the Information media and telecommunications industries, group and class index numbers

Table 23. Output of the Rental, hiring and real estate services industries, subdivision, group and class index numbers

Table 24. Output of the Professional, scientific and technical services industries, group and class index numbers

Table 25. Output of the Administrative and support services industries, group and class index numbers

Table 26. Output of the Public administration and safety industries, group and class index numbers

Table 27. Output of the Other services industries, group and class index numbers

Table 34. Output of the Education and training industries, group and class index numbers

Table 35. Output of the Health care and social assistance industries, group and class index numbers

Table 36. Output of the Mining industries, index numbers

Datacubes

Table 5 Final demand: contribution to final demand index by industry - index points

Table 28 Contribution to input to the manufacturing industries index, subdivision and index points

Table 29 Contribution to output of the manufacturing industries index, group and index points

Table 30 Contribution to input to the house construction industry index, weighted average of six state capital cities, index points

Data Explorer datasets

Final demand

Construction

Input to the house construction industry

Output of the construction industry

Mining industries

Input to the coal mining industry

Output of the mining industry

Manufacturing

Input to the manufacturing industry

Output of the manufacturing industry

Services

Previous catalogue number

Using price indexes

Price indexes in contracts

Changes in this release

Additional information