People in Australia who were born in Sri Lanka

2016 Census Country of birth QuickStats
Area code 0 by 7107
People 109,853
Male 57,280
Female 52,573
Australian citizen 60.3%
Not an Australian citizen 38.3%
Families 43,816
Couples with children 26,914
Couples without children 13,326
One parent families 2,972
Other families 592
All private dwellings 52,548
Median monthly mortgage repayment $2,100
Median weekly rent paid $351

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People

demographics & education | cultural & language diversity | employment

Demographics & education

People Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Male 57,280 52.1 2,997,173 48.6 7,735,362 49.5 11,546,638 49.3
Female 52,573 47.9 3,166,493 51.4 7,880,175 50.5 11,855,248 50.7

In the 2016 Census, there were 109,853 people in Australia who were born in Sri Lanka. Of these 52.1% were male and 47.9% were female.

View the data quality statements for: Place of Usual Residence (PURP) Country of birth of person (BPLP)

Age
People
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
0-14 years 7,652 7.0 366,872 6.0 3,777,875 24.2 4,364,607 18.7
15-24 years 9,313 8.5 612,643 9.9 2,197,847 14.1 2,988,390 12.8
25-34 years 22,703 20.7 1,130,884 18.3 1,994,601 12.8 3,368,449 14.4
35-44 years 23,982 21.8 1,021,528 16.6 1,911,355 12.2 3,144,935 13.4
45-54 years 18,085 16.5 961,980 15.6 1,920,340 12.3 3,105,007 13.3
55-64 years 13,881 12.6 840,595 13.6 1,704,198 10.9 2,753,734 11.8
65 years and over 14,233 13.0 1,229,161 19.9 2,109,310 13.5 3,676,765 15.7
Median age 40 -- 44 -- 34 -- 38 --

Of the population born in Sri Lanka who usually live in Australia, 7.0% were aged 0 - 14 years and 13.0% were aged 65 years and over. The median age of people in Australia who were born in Sri Lanka was 40 years.

View the data quality statement for Age (AGEP)
Registered marital status
People aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Married 72,781 71.2 3,362,174 58.0 5,158,710 43.6 9,148,218 48.1
Separated 1,955 1.9 178,867 3.1 376,863 3.2 608,059 3.2
Divorced 3,809 3.7 464,766 8.0 1,021,844 8.6 1,626,890 8.5
Widowed 3,885 3.8 326,987 5.6 560,940 4.7 985,204 5.2
Never married 19,767 19.3 1,463,996 25.3 4,719,302 39.9 6,668,910 35.0

Of people in Australia aged 15 years and over who were born in Sri Lanka, 71.2% were married, 1.9% were separated, and 3.7% were divorced.

View the data quality statement for Registered marital status (MSTP)
Education Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Pre-school 413 0.4 21,982 0.4 323,754 2.1 347,621 1.5
Primary 4,398 4.0 197,196 3.2 1,717,830 11.0 1,926,880 8.2
Secondary 4,309 3.9 224,770 3.6 1,211,676 7.8 1,446,506 6.2
University or tertiary institution 9,085 8.3 440,789 7.2 713,008 4.6 1,160,630 5.0
Technical or further education 2,342 2.1 152,909 2.5 267,689 1.7 424,870 1.8
Other 1,104 1.0 97,890 1.6 98,429 0.6 198,383 0.8
Institution attended, type not stated 1,769 1.6 117,292 1.9 329,449 2.1 1,707,023 7.3
Not attending an educational institution 86,435 78.7 4,910,840 79.7 10,953,685 70.1 16,189,980 69.2

Of the population born in Sri Lanka who usually live in Australia, 21.3% were attending an educational institution. There were 4.0% in primary school, 3.9% in secondary school and 10.4% in a tertiary or technical institution.

View the data quality statement for Educational institution attendee status (TYSTAP)
Level of highest educational attainment
People aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Bachelor Degree level and above 42,482 41.6 1,830,410 31.6 2,320,141 19.6 4,181,406 22.0
Advanced Diploma and Diploma level 15,118 14.8 587,176 10.1 1,079,954 9.1 1,687,893 8.9
Certificate level IV 1,786 1.7 120,064 2.1 425,836 3.6 551,767 2.9
Certificate level III 6,091 6.0 565,803 9.8 1,831,323 15.5 2,442,203 12.8
Year 12 18,713 18.3 1,051,623 18.1 1,902,337 16.1 2,994,097 15.7
Year 11 3,454 3.4 200,856 3.5 724,761 6.1 941,531 4.9
Year 10 4,995 4.9 418,929 7.2 1,588,715 13.4 2,054,331 10.8
Certificate level II 10 0.0 3,313 0.1 9,848 0.1 13,454 0.1
Certificate level I 3 0.0 863 0.0 1,266 0.0 2,176 0.0
Year 9 or below 2,643 2.6 458,176 7.9 1,027,299 8.7 1,529,897 8.0
No educational attainment 391 0.4 114,870 2.0 26,748 0.2 145,844 0.8
Not stated 3,523 3.4 264,618 4.6 570,419 4.8 1,974,794 10.4

Of the population born in Sri Lanka who usually live in Australia, 18.3% reported having completed Year 12 as their highest level of educational attainment, 7.7% had completed a Certificate III or IV and 14.8% had completed an Advanced Diploma or Diploma.

View the data quality statement for Level of highest educational attainment (HEAP)

Cultural & language diversity

Year of arrival Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Before 1941 30 0.0 9,289 0.2 -- -- -- --
1941 - 1950 232 0.2 84,378 1.4 -- -- -- --
1951 - 1960 919 0.8 321,721 5.2 -- -- -- --
1961 - 1970 3,397 3.1 590,106 9.6 -- -- -- --
1971 - 1980 5,749 5.2 541,319 8.8 -- -- -- --
1981 - 1990 15,739 14.3 768,312 12.5 -- -- -- --
1991 - 2000 18,176 16.5 766,940 12.4 -- -- -- --
2001 - 2005 10,920 9.9 559,084 9.1 -- -- -- --
2006 - 2010 24,276 22.1 985,332 16.0 -- -- -- --
2011 - 2016 27,971 25.5 1,324,426 21.5 -- -- -- --
Born in Australia -- -- -- -- 15,615,531 -- -- --

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka, 25.5% arrived in Australia from 2011 - 2016 and 22.1% from 2006 - 2010.

View the data quality statement for Year of arrival in Australia (YARP)
Citizenship Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Australian citizen 66,205 60.3 3,652,290 59.3 15,304,785 98.0 19,278,834 82.4
Not an Australian citizen 42,088 38.3 2,402,591 39.0 86,884 0.6 2,507,458 10.7

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka, 60.3% were Australian citizens.

View the data quality statement for Australian citizenship (CITP)
Birthplace of spouse or partner Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Spouse or partner born overseas 62,100 90.3 2,533,692 72.3 874,386 14.5 3,432,017 35.9
Spouse or partner born in Australia 5,185 7.5 874,386 25.0 4,975,104 82.7 5,872,893 61.4

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka and had a spouse or partner, 90.3% had a spouse or partner who was born overseas and 7.5% had a spouse or partner born in Australia.

Note: Total does not include those spouses or partners who did not state their country of birth.

View the data quality statements for: Country of birth of person (BPLP) Relationship in household (RLHP) Family/household reference person indicator (RPIP)

Religious affiliation, top responses
Results may include 'nfd' for 'not further defined'
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Buddhism 44,784 40.8 400,332 6.5 156,171 1.0 563,674 2.4
Catholic 22,778 20.7 1,306,565 21.2 3,895,007 24.9 5,291,834 22.6
Hinduism 20,634 18.8 356,958 5.8 80,193 0.5 440,300 1.9
Anglican 4,645 4.2 535,049 8.7 2,504,891 16.0 3,101,185 13.3
No Religion, so described 4,048 3.7 1,647,084 26.7 5,197,438 33.3 6,933,708 29.6

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka, the most common responses to the religion question were Buddhism 40.8%, Catholic 20.7%, Hinduism 18.8%, Anglican 4.2% and No Religion, so described 3.7%.

View the data quality statement for Religious affiliation (RELP)
English language proficiency Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Speaks English only 25,352 23.1 2,581,282 41.9 14,190,672 90.9 17,020,421 72.7
Speaks other language and speaks English:  null  null  null  null  null  null
Very well or well 77,482 70.5 2,885,219 46.8 1,122,966 7.2 4,068,598 17.4
Not well or not at all 6,208 5.7 648,470 10.5 157,704 1.0 819,925 3.5

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka, 23.1% spoke English only at home. A further 70.5% spoke another language but also spoke English very well or well.

View the data quality statement for Proficiency in spoken English/language (ENGLP)

Employment

Employment
Labour force, people aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Worked full-time 44,676 61.4 2,052,828 58.4 4,491,739 57.5 6,623,065 57.7
Worked part-time 18,885 26.0 1,025,198 29.2 2,421,402 31.0 3,491,503 30.4
Away from work 3,056 4.2 158,027 4.5 397,088 5.1 569,276 5.0
Unemployed 6,138 8.4 277,586 7.9 498,013 6.4 787,452 6.9
Not in the labour force 28,491 27.9 2,221,922 38.3 3,913,066 33.1 6,297,600 33.1

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka and who were in the labour force, 61.4% worked full-time, 26.0% worked part-time and 8.4% were unemployed.

The ABS Labour Force Survey provides the official estimates of Australia's unemployment rate. More information about Census and labour force status is provided in Understanding the Census and Census Data.

View the data quality statement for Labour force status (LFSP)
Employment - hours worked
Labour force, people aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
1-15 hours per week 5,951 8.9 313,561 9.7 890,779 12.2 1,218,823 11.4
16-24 hours per week 6,335 9.5 358,890 11.1 706,291 9.7 1,079,236 10.1
25-34 hours per week 6,601 9.9 352,748 10.9 824,331 11.3 1,193,445 11.2
35-39 hours per week 18,589 27.9 705,848 21.8 1,300,092 17.8 2,031,263 19.0
40 hours or more per week 26,086 39.2 1,346,985 41.6 3,191,643 43.7 4,591,801 43.0

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka and who were employed, 39.2% worked 40 hours or more per week and 27.9% worked 35-39 hours per week.

View the data quality statement for Hours worked (HRSP)
Occupation, top responses
Employed people aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Professionals 20,931 31.4 815,695 25.2 1,536,662 21.0 2,370,966 22.2
Clerical and Administrative Workers 9,707 14.6 393,619 12.2 1,040,953 14.2 1,449,681 13.6
Labourers 8,247 12.4 354,542 11.0 638,102 8.7 1,011,520 9.5
Managers 7,057 10.6 403,585 12.5 970,340 13.3 1,390,047 13.0
Technicians and Trades Workers 6,319 9.5 405,055 12.5 1,021,688 14.0 1,447,414 13.5

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka, the most common responses for occupation were Professionals 31.4%, Clerical and Administrative Workers 14.6%, Labourers 12.4%, Managers 10.6% and Technicians and Trades Workers 9.5%.

View the data quality statement for Occupation (OCCP)
Industry of employment, top responses
Employed people aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Hospitals (except Psychiatric Hospitals) 3,384 5.1 141,550 4.4 265,609 3.6 411,808 3.9
Building and Other Industrial Cleaning Services 2,372 3.6 64,744 2.0 64,388 0.9 131,908 1.2
Computer System Design and Related Services 2,219 3.3 82,618 2.6 79,573 1.1 162,884 1.5
Aged Care Residential Services 2,139 3.2 90,571 2.8 117,174 1.6 211,621 2.0
Banking 2,079 3.1 56,849 1.8 86,366 1.2 144,232 1.3

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka, the most common responses for industry of employment were Hospitals (except Psychiatric Hospitals) 5.1%, Building and Other Industrial Cleaning Services 3.6%, Computer System Design and Related Services 3.3%, Aged Care Residential Services 3.2% and Banking 3.1%.

View the data quality statement for Industry of employment (INDP)
Median weekly income
People aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Personal 757 -- 615 -- 688 -- 662 --
Family 1,965 -- 1,725 -- 1,834 -- 1,734 --
Household 1,904 -- 1,562 -- 1,539 -- 1,438 --

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka, the personal weekly median income was $757. Family median weekly income was $1,965 and Household median weekly income was $1,904.

Median personal weekly income for persons aged 15 years and over born in the selected country. Excludes those who did not state an income.

Family for the selected country of birth is determined by the reference person and/or their spouse/partner's response to country of birth. Median family income excludes families where at least one family member aged 15 years and over did not state an income.

Household for the selected country of birth is determined by the response of any household member (enumerated in the dwelling) to country of birth. Median household income excludes households where at least one member aged 15 years and over did not state an income.

View the data quality statements for: Total personal income (INCP) Total family income (FINF) Total household income (HIND)

Travel to work
Employed people aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Car 42,880 64.4 1,986,872 61.4 5,009,484 68.5 7,090,101 66.4
Bus or train 10,808 16.2 453,292 14.0 454,116 6.2 915,328 8.6
Other 5,977 9.0 381,664 11.8 672,865 9.2 1,066,965 10.0

In Australia 64.4% of employed people who were born in Sri Lanka travelled to work on census day by car, while 16.2% travelled by bus or train.

View the data quality statement for Method of travel to work (MTWP)
Unpaid work
People aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Did unpaid domestic work (last week) 71,347 69.8 3,964,948 68.4 9,000,198 76.0 13,143,914 69.0
Cared for child/children (last two weeks) 31,970 31.3 1,677,392 28.9 3,507,061 29.6 5,259,400 27.6
Provided unpaid assistance to a person with a disability (last two weeks) 10,975 10.7 613,990 10.6 1,489,817 12.6 2,145,203 11.3
Did voluntary work through an organisation or group (last 12 months) 20,368 19.9 941,091 16.2 2,634,097 22.3 3,620,726 19.0

In Australia 69.8% of people who were born in Sri Lanka did unpaid domestic work in the week before the census, and 31.3% cared for a child or children in the two weeks before the census.

View the data quality statements for: Unpaid domestic work (DOMP) Unpaid child care (CHCAREP) Unpaid assistance (UNCAREP) Voluntary work (VOLWP)

Unpaid domestic work, number of hours
People aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Less than 5 hours per week 20,089 19.7 1,234,900 21.3 3,013,177 25.5 4,298,593 22.6
5 to 14 hours per week 26,542 26.0 1,509,217 26.0 3,371,602 28.5 4,944,578 26.0
15 to 29 hours per week 12,532 12.3 678,501 11.7 1,479,061 12.5 2,189,776 11.5
30 hours or more per week 12,191 11.9 542,335 9.4 1,136,359 9.6 1,710,970 9.0

In Australia of people who were born in Sri Lanka and who did unpaid domestic work in the week before the census, 26.0% worked 5 to 14 hours, 12.3% worked 15 to 29 hours and 11.9% worked 30 hours or more.

View the data quality statement for Unpaid domestic work, number of hours (DOMP)

Families

family composition | employment status of couple families

Family composition

For information on how migrant families are classified, see the User guide for QuickStats

Family composition Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Couple family without children 13,326 30.4 1,012,440 39.3 1,240,422 36.6 2,291,987 37.8
Couple family with children 26,914 61.4 1,248,241 48.4 1,434,939 42.3 2,716,224 44.7
One parent family 2,972 6.8 282,463 11.0 648,590 19.1 959,543 15.8
Other family 592 1.4 34,059 1.3 65,896 1.9 102,559 1.7
Families with a child under 5 9,287 21.2 446,733 17.3 591,182 17.4 1,037,904 17.1
Families with a child aged 0-15 years 20,233 46.2 977,697 37.9 1,379,763 40.7 2,357,465 38.8

These statistics are for families in Australia. They are for families where the reference person and/or their spouse or partner was born in Sri Lanka. Of these families, 61.4% were couple families with children, 30.4% were couple families without children and 6.8% were one parent families.

Note: Totals for families with a child under 5 and for families with a child aged 0-15 years does not include those families where the reference person and/or their spouse/partner did not state their country of birth.

View the data quality statement for Family composition (FMCF)

Employment status of couple families

Employment status of couple families
Labour force, people aged 15 years and over
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Both employed, worked full-time 10,232 25.4 475,278 21.0 600,260 22.4 1,084,006 21.6
Both employed, worked part-time 1,654 4.1 97,948 4.3 103,266 3.9 203,596 4.1
One employed full-time, one part-time 8,438 21.0 424,478 18.8 652,771 24.4 1,086,460 21.7
One employed full-time, other not working 8,621 21.4 390,307 17.3 352,203 13.2 749,886 15.0
One employed part-time, other not working 2,568 6.4 156,274 6.9 141,852 5.3 302,037 6.0
Both not working 4,881 12.1 492,423 21.8 488,403 18.3 1,006,697 20.1
Other (includes away from work) 2,075 5.2 107,664 4.8 152,346 5.7 264,145 5.3
Labour force status not stated (by one or both parents in a couple family) 1,767 4.4 116,299 5.1 184,264 6.9 311,381 6.2

These statistics are for families in Australia. They are for families where the reference person and/or their spouse or partner was born in Sri Lanka. Of these families, 25.4% of families had both parents working full-time, 21.0% of families had one parent working full-time and one parent working part-time, and 12.1% of families stated that both parents were not working.

View the data quality statement for Labour force status of parents / partners in families (LFSF)

Dwellings

dwelling structure | mortgage & rent | household composition

Dwelling structure

For information on how migrant households are classified, see the User guide for QuickStats

Dwelling tables exclude visitor only and other non-classifiable households

Dwelling structure
Occupied private dwellings
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Separate house 36,033 68.6 2,212,954 67.1 5,074,866 76.9 6,041,788 72.9
Semi-detached, row or terrace house, townhouse etc 8,177 15.6 466,800 14.1 779,497 11.8 1,055,016 12.7
Flat or apartment 7,974 15.2 585,471 17.7 668,862 10.1 1,087,434 13.1
Other dwelling 165 0.3 20,721 0.6 48,617 0.7 64,425 0.8

These statistics are for occupied private dwellings in Australia. For the dwellings that were occupied on census night by a person or persons who were born in Sri Lanka, 68.6% were a separate house, 15.2% were a flat or apartment, and 15.6% were a semi-detached, row or terrace house, townhouse etc.

View the data quality statement for Dwelling structure (STRD)
Number of bedrooms
Occupied private dwellings
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
None (includes bedsitters) 228 0.4 17,187 0.5 23,956 0.4 39,769 0.5
1 bedroom 2,311 4.4 176,922 5.4 254,884 3.9 411,252 5.0
2 bedrooms 9,104 17.3 658,470 20.0 1,119,772 17.0 1,562,759 18.9
3 bedrooms 18,436 35.1 1,264,755 38.3 2,787,246 42.2 3,403,190 41.1
4 or more bedrooms 21,292 40.5 1,110,865 33.7 2,287,725 34.7 2,670,758 32.2
Number of bedrooms not stated 1,171 2.2 71,635 2.2 126,102 1.9 198,351 2.4

These statistics are for occupied private dwellings in Australia. For the dwellings that were occupied on census night by a person or persons who were born in Sri Lanka, 17.3% had two bedrooms, 35.1% had three bedrooms and 40.5% had four or more bedrooms.

View the data quality statement for Number of bedrooms in a private dwelling (BEDD)

Mortgage & rent

Mortgage and rent
Occupied private dwellings
Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
Owned outright 9,155 17.4 970,425 29.4 2,013,505 30.5 2,565,695 31.0
Owned with a mortgage 24,174 46.0 1,122,252 34.0 2,474,999 37.5 2,855,222 34.5
Rented 17,725 33.7 1,099,840 33.3 1,907,007 28.9 2,561,302 30.9
Other tenure type 234 0.4 25,380 0.8 59,681 0.9 78,994 1.0
Tenure type not stated 1,265 2.4 81,928 2.5 144,494 2.2 224,869 2.7
Median monthly mortgage repayment 2,100 -- 1,950 -- 1,742 -- 1,755 --
Median weekly rent paid 351 -- 370 -- 330 -- 335 --

These statistics are for occupied private dwellings in Australia. For the dwellings that were occupied on census night by a person or persons who were born in Sri Lanka, 17.4% were owned outright, 46.0% were owned with a mortgage and 33.7% were rented. The median monthly mortgage repayment was $2,100 and the median weekly rent paid was $351.

Median monthly mortgage repayment relates only to occupied private dwellings that are owned with a mortgage (including those being purchased under a rent/buy scheme). It excludes 'visitor only' and 'other non-classifiable' households and dwellings that did not state a monthly repayment value.

Median weekly rent paid relates to occupied private dwellings being rented (including rent-free accommodation). It excludes 'visitor only' and 'other non-classifiable' households and dwellings that did not state a weekly payment value.

View the data quality statements for: Tenure type (TEND) Rent weekly payments (RNTD) Mortgage monthly repayments (MRED)

Household composition

Household composition Born in Sri Lanka % Born in Sri Lanka All overseas born % All overseas born Australian born % Australian born Total % Total
One family households 42,035 80.0 2,465,248 74.7 4,809,352 72.9 5,751,635 69.4
Multiple family households 1,533 2.9 101,470 3.1 137,593 2.1 155,992 1.9
Single (or lone) person households 5,826 11.1 559,665 17.0 1,403,935 21.3 2,023,542 24.4
Group households 3,146 6.0 173,452 5.3 248,803 3.8 354,917 4.3

All occupants of a private dwelling complete one census form and are counted as a household. 'Born in Sri Lanka' includes households in Australia where at least one person was born in Sri Lanka. Of those households, 80.0% were one family households and 11.1% were lone person households.

View the data quality statement for Household composition (HHCD)

Small random adjustments have been made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from the table totals. For further information, go to the User Guide for QuickStats.

Data reported for Australia and Other Territories now includes Norfolk Island, following an amendment to the Acts Interpretation Act, 1901. Because Norfolk Island has not previously been included in the Census, any 2011 benchmarks will not include Norfolk Island.