TRADE IN CULTURAL GOODS
Australia continues to import more cultural goods and services than it exports overseas. In 2008-09, Australia earned $747m through the provision of cultural goods ($584m) and cultural and recreational services ($163m) to the rest of the world. By comparison, in the same year Australia imported $3,259.9m of cultural goods and $1,329m of cultural and recreational services from overseas.
Exports of cultural goods in 2009-10 totalled $539.8m, or 0.3% of all goods exported from Australia, while cultural imports totalled $2,436.6m, or 1.2% of all goods imported into Australia.
7.1 TRADE IN CULTURAL GOODS - 2009-10 |
|
 | Cultural
goods | All
goods | Cultural
goods as a
percentage
of all goods |
| $m | $m | % |
|
| Exports | 539.8 | 200 068.6 | 0.3 |
| Imports | 2 436.6 | 203 587.1 | 1.2 |
|
| Source: ABS data available on request, International Trade, 2009-10. |
COMMODITIES TRADED
In 2009-10, Australia exported $249.9m of books, magazines, newspapers and other printed matter. This was 46% of Australia's total value of exports of cultural goods ($539.8m).
The largest cultural product group imported in 2009-10 was radio and television receivers and apparatus for sound or video recording or reproduction, which accounted for 41% ($1,003.1m) of cultural goods imported by Australia.
7.2 TRADE IN CULTURAL GOODS, By product group - 2009-10 |
|
| Imports | Exports | Excess of
imports
over
exports |
| ACLC product group | $m | $m | $m |
|
| Heritage services | 43.1 | 11.9 | 31.2 |
| Books, magazines, newspapers and other printed matter | 907.4 | 249.9 | 657.5 |
| Audio and video media | 197.4 | 61.0 | 136.4 |
| Radio and television receivers and apparatus for sound or video recording or reproduction | 1 003.1 | 124.7 | 878.4 |
| Exposed photographic and cinematographic media and artistic works | 132.0 | 81.8 | 50.2 |
| Musical instruments and other performing arts equipment | 153.6 | 10.6 | 143.0 |
| Total cultural goods | 2 436.6 | 539.8 | 1 896.8 |
|
| Source: ABS data available on request, International Trade, 2009-10. |
CULTURAL TRADE BY COUNTRY
During 2009-10, almost half (46%) of Australia's cultural exports went to New Zealand ($250.3m), with large quantities also going to the United States of America ($57.6m) and the United Kingdom ($50.5m).
7.3 EXPORTS OF CULTURAL GOODS, By country and product group - 2009-10 |
|
| ACLC PRODUCT GROUP(a) |
| Heritage
services | Books,
magazines
etc. | Audio
and video
media | Radio and
television
receivers etc. | Exposed film
media and
artistic works | Musical
instruments | Total
cultural
goods |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
| Canada | 0.1 | 3.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6.2 |
| China | 0.2 | 0.9 | 4.7 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 10.2 |
| Fiji | - | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.8 |
| Germany | - | 0.8 | 0.9 | 5.5 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 10.7 |
| Hong Kong (SAR of China) | 1.1 | 4.2 | 0.8 | 7.1 | 5.3 | 0.2 | 18.6 |
| Japan | - | 0.9 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 12.0 |
| Korea, Republic of | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 3.2 | 0.1 | 7.1 |
| Malaysia | - | 2.5 | 0.4 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 6.7 |
| Netherlands | - | 0.2 | 0.4 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 3.9 |
| New Zealand | 0.2 | 180.2 | 31.6 | 28.7 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 250.3 |
| Papua New Guinea | - | 6.0 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 7.8 |
| Singapore | 0.1 | 10.2 | 2.5 | 7.7 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 23.4 |
| South Africa | - | 3.0 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 5.7 |
| Taiwan | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | - | 2.1 |
| Thailand | 0.1 | 2.4 | 0.2 | 3.9 | - | - | 6.5 |
| United Kingdom | 5.4 | 9.6 | 1.0 | 13.6 | 20.4 | 0.5 | 50.5 |
| United States of America | 2.2 | 11.4 | 8.0 | 17.7 | 16.7 | 1.6 | 57.6 |
| Other countries | 1.5 | 11.6 | 5.0 | 21.0 | 17.1 | 1.5 | 57.7 |
| Total all countries | 11.9 | 249.9 | 61.0 | 124.7 | 81.8 | 10.6 | 539.8 |
|
| - nil or rounded to zero (including null cells) |
| (a) The descriptions of the ACLC product groups shown have been abbreviated for space reasons. See table 7.2 for the full descriptions. |
| Source: ABS data available on request, International Trade, 2009-10. |
Australia imported $656.4m of cultural goods from China in 2009-10, with the bulk of this ($425.5m or 65%) comprising radio and television receivers and apparatus for sound or video recording or reproduction. Imports from the United Kingdom totalled $370.1m, while imports from the United States of America totalled $355.4m and from Malaysia totalled $302.5m.
7.4 IMPORTS OF CULTURAL GOODS, By country and product group - 2009-10 |
|
| ACLC PRODUCT GROUP(a) |
| Heritage
services | Books,
magazines
etc. | Audio
and video
media | Radio and
television
receivers etc. | Exposed film
media and
artistic works | Musical
instruments
etc. | Total
cultural
goods |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
| Austria | 0.1 | 0.4 | 6.1 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 9.7 |
| Canada | 0.9 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 8.0 |
| China | 3.4 | 148.4 | 7.0 | 425.5 | 25.9 | 46.3 | 656.4 |
| Denmark | 0.1 | 2.2 | 0.1 | 4.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 6.9 |
| France | 6.3 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 3.5 | 5.8 | 2.3 | 24.1 |
| Germany | 0.5 | 12.1 | 14.9 | 8.3 | 3.2 | 7.3 | 46.3 |
| Hong Kong (SAR of China) | 0.4 | 74.0 | 2.8 | 8.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 86.6 |
| India | 0.2 | 3.1 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 5.8 |
| Indonesia | 0.4 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 36.3 | 3.0 | 19.4 | 62.8 |
| Ireland | - | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | - | - | 0.7 |
| Italy | 0.4 | 5.6 | 4.6 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 18.1 |
| Japan | 0.9 | 13.5 | 46.7 | 20.2 | 3.7 | 28.4 | 113.4 |
| Korea, Republic of | - | 3.9 | 0.1 | 21.6 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 30.1 |
| Malaysia | - | 7.5 | 0.4 | 294.5 | 0.1 | - | 302.5 |
| Mexico | - | 0.5 | 0.1 | 22.6 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 25.0 |
| Netherlands | 0.5 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 5.2 | 0.5 | 12.5 |
| New Zealand | 0.3 | 16.0 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 22.1 |
| Philippines | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 43.1 | 0.2 | - | 43.8 |
| Singapore | 0.2 | 73.0 | 19.0 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 96.5 |
| South Africa | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.9 | - | 3.6 |
| Spain | 0.1 | 1.6 | - | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 3.3 |
| Sweden | - | 1.4 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 5.7 |
| Switzerland | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 4.3 |
| Taiwan | - | 3.7 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 1.8 | 3.6 | 28.8 |
| Thailand | 0.1 | 3.5 | 0.7 | 26.6 | 6.9 | 0.2 | 38.1 |
| Turkey | 0.1 | 0.1 | - | 0.7 | - | 0.1 | 1.1 |
| United Kingdom | 16.4 | 285.4 | 37.5 | 8.8 | 19.1 | 2.9 | 370.1 |
| United States of America | 4.4 | 226.5 | 33.3 | 41.0 | 21.2 | 29.2 | 355.4 |
| Other countries | 6.0 | 10.4 | 3.4 | 11.9 | 19.8 | 3.4 | 54.8 |
| Total all countries | 43.1 | 907.4 | 197.4 | 1 003.1 | 132.0 | 153.6 | 2 436.6 |
|
| - nil or rounded to zero (including null cells) |
| (a) The descriptions of the ACLC product groups shown have been abbreviated for space reasons. See table 7.2 for the full descriptions. |
| Source: ABS data available on request, International Trade, 2009-10. |
TRADE IN CULTURAL GOODS OVER TIME
The value of exports of cultural goods decreased by 7.6% in 2009-10 to $539.8m from $584.4m in 2008-09. Exports fell across all product groups, with the value of exposed photographic and cinematographic media and artistic works falling the most ($13.6m) from 2008-09 to 2009-10, followed by audio and video media exports ($10.8m).
The value of exports of cultural goods has fluctuated since 2003-04, however the value of exports of heritage services has continued to fall since 2004-05, decreasing by 60% from $29.9m in 2004-05 to $11.9m in 2009-10.
7.5 EXPORTS OF CULTURAL GOODS(a), By product group - 2003-04 to 2009-10 |
|
| 2003-04 | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | 2007-08 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 |
| ACLC product group | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
| Heritage services | 27.2 | 29.9 | 23.2 | 17.9 | 17.4 | 12.0 | 11.9 |
| Books, magazines, etc. | 248.9 | 253.2 | 237.6 | 278.8 | 266.8 | 259.5 | 249.9 |
| Audio and video media | 95.8 | 101.5 | 89.0 | 81.4 | 60.8 | 70.8 | 61.0 |
| Radio and television receivers etc. | 126.5 | 158.6 | 117.6 | 125.1 | 140.1 | 135.5 | 124.7 |
| Exposed film media and artistic works | 103.2 | 79.4 | 117.1 | 89.8 | 132.6 | 95.4 | 81.8 |
| Musical instruments etc. | 9.6 | 10.4 | 11.1 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 11.1 | 10.6 |
| Total cultural goods | 611.3 | 633.0 | 595.5 | 603.2 | 627.5 | 584.4 | 539.8 |
|
| (a) The descriptions of the ACLC product groups shown have been abbreviated for space reasons. See table 7.2 for the full descriptions. |
| Source: ABS data available on request, International Trade, 2009-10. |
The value of imports of cultural goods decreased by 25% in 2009-10 to $2,436.6m from $3,259.9m in 2008-09. The decline was primarily in radio and television receivers and apparatus for sound or video recording or reproduction (down 35% to $1,003.1m) and in audio and video media (down 26% to $197.4m).
The value of imports of cultural goods has decreased at an accelerated rate from 2006-07. Between 2006-07 and 2007-08, the value of imports fell 6%; between 2007-08 and 2008-09 by 10% and between 2008-09 and 2009-10 by 25%. This has seen an overall decrease of 37% in the value of imports of cultural goods since 2006-07 from $3,862.2m to $2,436.6m in 2009-10.
7.6 IMPORTS OF CULTURAL GOODS(a), By product group - 2003-04 to 2009-10 |
|
| 2003-04 | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | 2007-08 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 |
| ACLC product group | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
| Heritage services | 48.5 | 59.2 | 45.6 | 49.8 | 59.0 | 50.5 | 43.1 |
| Books, magazines, etc. | 908.9 | 932.1 | 930.4 | 972.6 | 984.3 | 1 054.4 | 907.4 |
| Audio and video media | 292.6 | 280.9 | 292.3 | 255.4 | 252.8 | 267.4 | 197.4 |
| Radio and television receivers etc. | 1 840.8 | 1 927.5 | 2 230.4 | 2 226.2 | 1 976.3 | 1 549.5 | 1 003.1 |
| Exposed film media and artistic works | 105.4 | 124.5 | 190.9 | 183.2 | 187.4 | 170.5 | 132.0 |
| Musical instruments etc. | 140.7 | 146.8 | 155.2 | 175.1 | 167.1 | 167.7 | 153.6 |
| Total cultural goods | 3 336.8 | 3 471.0 | 3 844.8 | 3 862.2 | 3 626.9 | 3 259.9 | 2 436.6 |
|
| (a) The descriptions of the ACLC product groups shown have been abbreviated for space reasons. See table 7.2 for the full descriptions. |
| Source: ABS data available on request, International Trade, 2009-10. |
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