INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENERGY PRODUCTS

In 2007-08 Australia exported a total of 13,559 PJ of energy products, comprising 13,412 PJ of primary energy products and 147 PJ of derived energy products (table 19.8). In terms of energy content, the largest contributors were black coal (53% of total energy exports) and uranium (35%), followed by liquefied natural gas (LNG) (6%) and crude oil (4%). Total energy exports increased by 15% from 2002-03 to 2007-08 with LNG up 88% and black coal up 22%.

19.8 ENERGY PRODUCTS, Volume of exports and imports
		Exports				Imports
		2002-03	2007-08	Change from 2002-03 to 2007-08		2002-03	2007-08	Change from 2002-03 to 2007-08
		PJ	PJ	%		PJ	PJ	%
Primary energy products
	Black coal	5 908	7 183	21.6		-	-	-
	Crude oil and ORF(a)	779	594	-23.7		1 086	1 019	-6.2
	LPG	82	67	-19.0		8	25	222.1
	LNG	426	802	88.4		23	202	798.7
	Uranium	4 509	4 765	5.7		-	-	-
	Total	11 705	13 412	14.6		1 117	1 246	11.6
Derived energy products
	Automotive gasoline	36	22	-40.6		57	121	111.2
	Aviation gasoline	2	3	88.2		2	-	-100.0
	Aviation turbine fuel	24	75	217.3		16	68	329.7
	ADO and IDF(b)	41	18	-56.2		63	288	359.1
	Fuel oil and kerosene	17	20	21.7		25	66	164.1
	Other petroleum products(c)	9	9	-		13	91	613.4
	Briquettes	-	-	-		-	-	-
	Coke	7	-	-100.0		-	-	-
	Total	135	147	8.9		176	634	260.8
Total		11 839	13 559	14.5		1 292	1 880	45.5
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Other refinery feedstock (ORF).
(b) Automotive diesel oil (ADO) and industrial diesel fuel (IDF).
(c) Also includes lubricants and greases, bitumen and other bituminous products, solvents, waste oils and diesel.
Source: Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics,'Australian Energy Statistics - Australian Energy Update', 2009, Table J.

By contrast, total imports of energy products were relatively small (1,880 PJ in 2007-08) (table 19.8). Crude oil made up 54% of total energy imports in 2007-08. Imports of primary energy products have increased from 1,117 PJ in 2002-03 to 1,246 PJ in 2007-08 (up 12%). Imports of derived energy products (mainly petroleum-based products), have increased substantially from 176 PJ in 2002-03 to 634 PJ in 2007-08 (up 261%).

Graph 19.9 shows the comparison between energy exports and imports from 1997-98 to 2007-08.

Table 19.10 shows the value and contribution of energy products to Australia's trade. In 2007-08 the export of energy products contributed $45.6b (25%) towards Australia's total merchandise export earnings. Black coal accounted for 54% of the total value of energy exports in 2007-08 ($24.4b), followed by crude oil (21%) and LNG (13%). Imports of energy products (mainly crude oil) accounted for $30.5b (15%) of the total value of Australia's imports in 2007-08. Over the period 2002-03 to 2007-08 the value of crude oil imports increased by $9.0b (up 115%).

While the volume (in PJ) of energy exports has increased by 15% in the period 2002-03 to 2007-08 (table 19.8), the value of energy exports over the same period increased by 88%, partly due to price increases for energy products in the period. Although uranium accounted for over a third of all exports by energy volume, the value of uranium exports contributed only 2% of the total value of energy exports in 2007-08.

19.10 ENERGY PRODUCTS, Value of exports and imports
	Exports				Imports
	2002-03	2007-08	Change from 2002-03 to 2007-08		2002-03	2007-08	Change from 2002-03 to 2007-08
	$m	$m	%		$m	$m	%
Black coal(a)	11 941	24 415	104.5		8	6	-25.0
Crude oil and ORF(b)	5 882	9 599	63.2		7 813	16 766	114.6
LPG	853	1 181	38.5		78	436	459.0
LNG	2 607	5 855	124.6		-	724	-
Uranium oxide	429	888	107.0		-	-	-
Refinery products	2 469	3 623	46.7		2 688	12 610	369.1
Total of energy products	24 181	45 561	88.4		10 587	30 542	188.5
Total merchandise trade	115 480	180 857	56.6		133 128	202 308	52.0
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Coking plus steaming.
(b) Other refinery feedstock (ORF).
Source: International Trade in Goods and Services, Australia, July 2009 (5368.0); Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 'Australian Mineral Statistics', 2009.

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