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Feature Article - Goods and Selected Services by Region, 2000-2001
This article was published in International Trade in Goods and Services, Australia (Cat. No. 5368.0) Feb 2002.
INTRODUCTION
1 This article provides summary data, for the 2000-2001 financial year, for Australia's trade in goods and services (excluding travel services) with selected major trading partners, and for Australia's trade in services (excluding travel services) by State. Table F1 presents the trade in goods and services (excluding travel services) credits and debits for 40 countries or country groups for financial year 2000-2001. Tables F2 and F3 show, for credits and debits respectively, Australia's 2000-2001 trade in services (excluding travel services), classified by State, for 10 broad service types with more detailed components also shown.
2 The ABS is currently unable to produce estimates of Australia's trade in travel services by partner country or by State for the financial year 2000-2001. The cause of the problem is the delay in the processing by the Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (DIMIA) of international airline passenger cards. The ABS uses the passenger card information processed by DIMIA to produce estimates of overseas arrivals and departures (OADs) by residents and non-residents and estimates of travel services by partner country and by State.
3 An implication of the lack of travel services by partner country data is that the aggregate "balance on total trade in goods and services" is currently unavailable by partner country from financial year 2000-2001 onwards.
4 The ABS will compile and release updated travel services by partner country data as soon as possible after receipt of the necessary data from DIMIA. Further information on the expected release of final OADs data will be updated on the Demography Theme page on this site, and in issues of the monthly publication Overseas Arrivals and Departures, Australia (Cat. no. 3401.0).
GOODS AND SELECTED SERVICES BY COUNTRY
INTERPRETATION OF TRADE DATA BY COUNTRY
5 The quality of statistics of trade in goods and services by country is considered to be good, although there are occasional difficulties due to lack of information or the confidentiality of the trading partners involved. Therefore about 3% of total credits and 2% of total debits shown in table F1 for 2000-2001 remain unallocated. A comprehensive explanation of the data sources used and the methodology applied in the compilation of regional statistics is provided in Chapter 17 of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia - Concepts, Sources and Methods (Cat. no. 5331.0). This publication is located on this site. Appendix A to this article illustrates the types of services covered by the components of other business services.
ANALYSIS OF AUSTRALIAN TRADE WITH SELECTED PARTNER COUNTRIES
6 The Sydney Olympic Games and Paralympic Games impacted on international trade in 2000-2001. A summary of the major impacts of the Games on international accounts was the subject of a feature article, The Sydney Olympic Games Update, contained in the July 2000 issue of this publication.
7 For the financial year 2000-2001, table F1 presents trade in goods and services (excluding travel services) for 40 countries or country groups. It shows that, excluding travel services, Australia's major export trading partners are Japan ($25 billion), United States of America ($16 billion) and Asia n.e.s. ($11 billion). Excluding travel services, Australia's major import trading partners are United States of America ($27 billion), Japan ($17 billion) and Peoples Republic of China ($10 billion).
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TABLE F1: GOODS AND SERVICES (EXCLUDING TRAVEL SERVICES) BY SELECTED COUNTRIES AND COUNTRY |
GROUPS, 2000-2001 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| CREDITS | | DEBITS |
|
| |
|
| Total goods | | | | Total goods | | |
| & services | | Services | | & services | | Services |
| (excluding | | (excluding | | (excluding | | (excluding |
| travel | | travel | | travel | | travel |
| services) | Goods | services) | | services) | Goods | services) |
| | | | | | | |
Country | $m | $m | $m | | $m | $m | $m |
|
Belgium and Luxembourg | 1,043 | 1,012 | 31 | | -871 | -837 | -34 |
Brunei Darussalam | 47 | 45 | 2 | | -353 | -353 | n.p. |
Canada | 1,899 | 1,785 | 114 | | -2,036 | -1,891 | -145 |
Central America and Caribbean | 220 | 202 | 18 | | -369 | -369 | n.p. |
Chile | 133 | 133 | 0 | | -100 | -79 | -21 |
China, Peoples Republic of | 7,150 | 6,898 | 252 | | -10,380 | -9,981 | -399 |
Fiji | 729 | 646 | 83 | | -397 | -257 | -140 |
France | 1,200 | 1,090 | 110 | | -2,664 | -2,510 | -154 |
Germany | 1,815 | 1,500 | 315 | | -7,217 | -6,256 | -961 |
Greece | 171 | 166 | 5 | | -206 | -109 | -97 |
Hong Kong (SAR of China) | 4,553 | 3,942 | 611 | | -2,522 | -1,377 | -1,145 |
Indonesia | 3,416 | 3,137 | 279 | | -3,675 | -3,374 | -301 |
Ireland | 223 | 177 | 46 | | -1,222 | -1,153 | -69 |
Italy | 2,144 | 2,116 | 28 | | -3,377 | -3,301 | -76 |
Japan | 25,250 | 23,690 | 1,560 | | -17,337 | -15,570 | -1,767 |
Korea, Republic of | 9,483 | 9,284 | 199 | | -5,042 | -4,773 | -269 |
Malaysia | 2,787 | 2,521 | 266 | | -4,849 | -4,234 | -615 |
Mexico | 376 | 375 | 1 | | -591 | -589 | -2 |
Netherlands | 1,857 | 1,752 | 105 | | -1,332 | -917 | -415 |
New Zealand | 7,917 | 6,938 | 979 | | -5,470 | -4,624 | -846 |
Papua New Guinea | 1,313 | 1,059 | 254 | | -1,523 | -1,475 | -48 |
Philippines | 1,573 | 1,513 | 60 | | -571 | -518 | -53 |
Russian Federation | 285 | 266 | 19 | | -154 | -27 | -127 |
Singapore | 7,351 | 6,059 | 1,292 | | -5,877 | -3,946 | -1,931 |
South Africa | 1,334 | 1,310 | 24 | | -951 | -887 | -64 |
Sweden | 232 | 185 | 47 | | -1,694 | -1,638 | -56 |
Switzerland | 462 | 274 | 188 | | -2,011 | -1,184 | -827 |
Taiwan | 6,009 | 5,943 | 66 | | -3,407 | -3,368 | -39 |
Thailand | 2,411 | 2,241 | 170 | | -3,111 | -2,818 | -293 |
United Kingdom | 6,424 | 4,692 | 1,732 | | -8,439 | -6,401 | -2,038 |
United States of America | 16,120 | 11,750 | 4,370 | | -27,254 | -22,633 | -4,621 |
Africa n.e.s. | 1,759 | 1,614 | 145 | | -236 | -165 | -71 |
America n.e.s. | 830 | 732 | 98 | | -1,146 | -819 | -327 |
Asia n.e.s. | 10,802 | 10,082 | 720 | | -8,268 | -7,389 | -879 |
Europe n.e.s. | 2,923 | 2,143 | 780 | | -3,582 | -3,231 | -351 |
Oceania n.e.s. | 1,020 | 932 | 88 | | -216 | -160 | -56 |
Unallocated | 4,513 | 2,083 | 2,430 | | -2,727 | -972 | -1,755 |
| | | | | | | |
Total all countries | 137,774 | 120,287 | 17,487 | | -141,177 | -120,185 | -20,992 |
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| COUNTRY GROUPS |
| | | | | | | |
APEC | 87,435 | 76,964 | 10,471 | | -95,429 | -82,874 | -12,555 |
ASEAN | 15,871 | 13,790 | 2,081 | | -21,003 | -17,725 | -3,278 |
EU | 15,661 | 12,830 | 2,831 | | -29,719 | -25,657 | -4,062 |
OECD | 71,640 | 61,409 | 10,231 | | -90,123 | -77,506 | -12,617 |
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Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC); Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN); European Union (EU); and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) |
SERVICES BY STATE
INTERPRETATION OF TRADE DATA BY STATE
8 Tables F2 and F3 present, respectively, international services (excluding travel services) credits (by State of provision) and international services (excluding travel services) debits (by State of consumption) for 2000-2001, for 10 broad service types and more detailed components. Confidentiality constraints severely restrict the detail that can be provided for some States and Territories. Care should be exercised in interpreting the data. While the State allocation methods for transportation and communication services are considered reasonable, especially for the analysis of movements in the services, the allocation for other services (about 25% of all trade in services) is primarily based on the location of the business reporting the information which serves as a proxy for State of origin/consumption of that service.
9 The international trade in services of the Sydney Organising Committee for the Olympic Games (SOCOG) has been allocated to New South Wales.
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TABLE F2: AUSTRALIA'S INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES CREDITS BY STATE, 2000-2001 |
| | | NSW | Vic. | Qld. | SA | WA | Tas. | NT | ACT | Australia |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
1 Transportation services | 3,438 | 2,134 | 1,484 | 157 | 747 | 10 | 92 | 0 | 8,062 |
2 Travel services | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | 15,366 |
| Business | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | 1,166 |
| Personal | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | 14,200 |
| | Education-related | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | 4,038 |
| | Other | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | 10,162 |
3 Communication (a) | 533 | 312 | 206 | 145 | 106 | 28 | 13 | 54 | 1,397 |
4 Construction services | 40 | n.p. | 3 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 0 | 0 | 68 |
5 Insurance services | 464 | 245 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 709 |
6 Financial services | 423 | 320 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 747 |
7 Computer & information services | 626 | n.p. | n.p. | 18 | 12 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 797 |
8 Royalties & licence fees | 409 | 140 | n.p. | n.p. | 10 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 601 |
9 Other business services | 1,937 | 719 | 119 | 52 | 108 | n.p. | n.p. | 13 | 2,953 |
| Merchanting | 93 | 60 | 12 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 185 |
| Other trade related services | 264 | 27 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 304 |
| Operational leasing services | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 0 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 16 |
| Professional services | 402 | 112 | 17 | 2 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 553 |
| Research and development | 84 | 143 | n.p. | 6 | 9 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 248 |
| Architectural, engineering and other technical services | 217 | 153 | 63 | 9 | 39 | n.p. | n.p. | 4 | 485 |
| Agriculture, mining and on-site processing | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 1 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 29 |
| Services between affiliated enterprises n.i.e. | 670 | 154 | 11 | 5 | 12 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 852 |
| Other | 199 | 63 | 2 | 3 | 12 | n.p. | n.p. | 2 | 281 |
| Confidential items - other business services (b) | 8 | 7 | 14 | 27 | 35 | n.p. | n.p. | 7 | .,. |
10 Personal, cultural and recreational services | 1,186 | 75 | 45 | 56 | n.p. | 3 | n.p. | 29 | 1,420 |
Audiovisual and related services | 1,111 | 18 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 1,132 |
Other personal, cultural and recreational services | 75 | 57 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | 288 |
11 Government services n.i.e. | 31 | 10 | 1 | 46 | 17 | 0 | 207 | 421 | 733 |
Confidential items (b) | 0 | 115 | 76 | 11 | 12 | 3 | 17 | 5 | .,. |
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Total | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | 32,853 |
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(a) Communication services includes other services n.i.e.
(b) For cells annotated 'n.p.' the data are included in Confidential items
10 Transportation services are allocated by State using a combination of indicators including merchandise trade statistics by State. For communication services, a domestic indicator for allocating the consumption of telecommunications and postal services by State in the national accounts is used to approximate the State allocation of the international trade in these services. It is assumed that each State's share of outgoing international calls and terminating connections for incoming international calls will be reasonably well aligned with total service consumption by State or Territory.
FURTHER INFORMATION
11 Further information and longer time series for both calendar and financial year data by region can be obtained by contacting Val Tot on Canberra 02 6252 6419, or fax 02 6252 7219, or email at <val.tot@abs.gov.au>.
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TABLE F3: AUSTRALIA'S INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES DEBITS BY STATE, 2000-2001 |
| | | NSW | Vic. | Qld. | SA | WA | Tas. | NT | ACT | Australia |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
1 Transportation services | -4,942 | -3,044 | -1,679 | -393 | -1,130 | -40 | -124 | 0 | -11,352 |
2 Travel services | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | -11,189 |
| Business | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | -2,854 |
| Personal | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | -8,335 |
| | Education-related | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | -676 |
| | Other | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | -7,659 |
3 Communication (a) | -599 | -483 | -303 | -129 | -161 | -41 | -17 | -33 | -1,766 |
4 Construction services | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 Insurance services | -843 | -35 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -878 |
6 Financial services | -344 | -184 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -528 |
7 Computer & information services | -280 | -95 | -13 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -417 |
8 Royalties & licence fees | -1,138 | -411 | -23 | -76 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -1,670 |
9 Other business services | -1,148 | -1,292 | -168 | -115 | -257 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -2,988 |
| Merchanting and other trade related services | -70 | -67 | -23 | n.p. | -32 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -248 |
| Operational leasing services | -232 | -738 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -1,011 |
| Professional services | -172 | -101 | -12 | -6 | -20 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -315 |
| Research and development | n.p. | -61 | 0 | 0 | -8 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -83 |
| Architectural, engineering and other technical services | -143 | -71 | n.p. | -37 | -46 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -343 |
| Agriculture, mining and on-site processing | n.p. | n.p. | 0 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -124 |
| Services between affiliated enterprises n.i.e. | -430 | -180 | -27 | n.p. | -26 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -674 |
| Other | -86 | n.p. | n.p. | -3 | -22 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -190 |
| Confidential items - other business services (b) | -15 | -74 | -106 | -69 | -103 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | .,. |
10 Personal, cultural and recreational services | -559 | -143 | -1 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -767 |
Audiovisual and related services | -516 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -634 |
Other personal, cultural and recreational services | -43 | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | -133 |
11 Government services n.i.e. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -626 | -626 |
Confidential items (b) | 0 | 0 | 0 | -74 | -27 | -3 | -4 | -15 | .,. |
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Total | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | n.y.a. | -32,181 |
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(a) Communication services includes other services n.i.e.
(b) For cells annotated 'n.p.' the data are included in Confidential items
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