1308.8 - In fACT - Statistical Information on the ACT and Region, February 2010
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 23/02/2010
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NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
The information paper Gross State Product using the Production approach GSP(P) provides detailed information about the methods and sources for the compilation of Gross Value Added (GVA) by industry (including Ownership of dwellings and Taxes less subsidies on products) for each state/territory which was introduced in 2007. This paper should be used in conjunction with Australian System of National Accounts: Concepts, Sources and Methods (cat. no. 5216.0) to gain an understanding of the concepts, sources and methods used to compile the state accounts. Additional information can also be found on the National Accounts under Topics @ a Glance, including upcoming releases and changes. Gross State Product
Gross State Product (GSP) is the state/territory equivalent of GDP for Australia. It represents the total market value of goods and services produced within a state or territory within a given period, after deducting the cost of goods and services used up in the process of production, but before deducting allowances for the consumption of fixed capital. In current prices, the Australian Capital Territory's (ACT) GSP was $25,969m in 2008-09, an increase of 5.6% over 2007-08. GSP increased by 1.4%, from $24,582m to $24,916m in chain volume terms over the same period. In comparison, Australia's GDP increased by 6.0% in current prices and 1.1% in chain volume terms between 2007-08 and 2008-09.
The ACT's GSP per capita was $74,658 in current prices in 2008-09, an increase of 3.9% over 2007-08 and 28.9% higher than GDP per capita for Australia ($57,903). In chain volume terms, GSP for the ACT was $71,630 per capita in 2008-09, which was 0.3% lower than in 2007-08 ($71,862). GDP per capita for Australia was $55,195 in 2008-09, 0.8% lower than in 2007-08 ($55,650). GSP per capita for the ACT was 29.8% higher than Australia's GDP per capita in 2008-09 in chain volume terms.
GVA is the value of output at basic prices minus the value of intermediate consumption at purchasers' prices. The term is used to describe gross product by industry. State GVA in current prices is not directly compiled so the Australian GVA by industry is allocated to the states using factor income shares. GVA is compiled in volume terms; for most industries an output indicator approach is used to create the chain volume measures of GVA by industry for each of the states and territories. In chain volume terms, Professional, scientific and technical services contributed the most to the growth of the ACT's GSP in 2008-09, with 0.3 percentage points (21.4%) of the 1.4% annual growth. Australia's largest contributor to the 1.1% growth in GDP was Agriculture, forestry and fishing, at 0.4 percentage points (36.4%). State Final Demand
State Final Demand (SFD) for the individual states and territories is conceptually equivalent to Domestic Final Demand (DFD) for Australia. It is the aggregate obtained by summing government final consumption expenditure, household final consumption expenditure, private gross fixed capital formation and the gross fixed capital formation of public corporations and general government. In chain volume terms, SFD for the ACT was $41b in 2008-09, an increase of 0.7% over 2007-08. Nationally, there was a 2.1% increase in DFD. In current price terms, SFD for the ACT was $43b in 2008-09, an increase of 3.4% over 2007-08. DFD for Australia increased by 5.8% over the same period.
Final consumption expenditure is the net expenditure on goods and services by either public authorities (General government final consumption expenditure or GFCE) or persons and private non-profit institutions serving households (Household final consumption expenditure or HFCE). This is expenditure which does not result in the creation of fixed assets or inventories or in the acquisition of land and existing buildings or second-hand assets. By contrast, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) measures expenditure on fixed assets, and includes compensation of employees but not repair or maintenance of fixed assets. GFCF is divided into private and public corporations. By splitting final demand into these components, the structural differences between the ACT and Australia can be highlighted. Each of the components displayed in the table Components of Final Demand total to State Final Demand for ACT and Domestic Final Demand for Australia. In current prices, GFCE represented 51.2% ($22b) of SFD in the ACT in 2008-09, compared to 17.0% of DFD nationally. In contrast, HFCE represented 32.2% of the total final demand in the ACT, compared to 54.4% of Australia's DFD. There was also a significant difference in expenditure on private GFCF. It was proportionately lower in the ACT than for Australia as a whole in 2008-09, accounting for 10.1% of SFD in the ACT versus 23.5% of DFD nationally. In chain volume terms, HFCE accounted for 38.0% of total final consumption expenditure in the ACT in 2008-09, with GFCE accounting for 62.0%. These proportions have remained relatively constant over time.
In 2008-09 those components of HFCE which took up the largest proportions of total expenditure in current prices were consistent between ACT households and households across Australia as a whole: Rent and other dwelling services was the single largest expenditure item (19.5% for the ACT versus 18.3% for Australia), followed by Miscellaneous goods and services (18.4% for the ACT versus 16.3% nationally), while Food (10.2%) was the next largest in the ACT as opposed to Australia which had Recreation and culture as the next largest (11.1%). Expenditure on Communications took up the lowest proportion of HFCE for the ACT in 2008-09 (2.4%). For Australia it was Electricity, gas and other fuel for Australia (2.1%). The ACT's expenditure on private fixed capital formation, in chain volume terms, was $4.2b in 2008-09, up 3.8% on the $4.1b spent in 2007-08. Expenditure on public fixed capital formation, in chain volume terms, was $2.7b in 2008-09, down $80m (-2.9%) on 2007-08.
Total Factor Income (TFI) is that part of the cost of producing the GDP which consists of gross payments to factors of production, these payments being compensation of employees and gross operating surplus. TFI represents the value added by these factors in the process of production and is equivalent to gross state/domestic product less taxes plus subsidies on production, and imports. TFI for the ACT grew by 6.3% (+$1.4b) in the 2008-09 financial year, to $23.9b. This was in line with the national average growth of 6.2%. Of the components of TFI, Compensation of employees had the strongest growth over the previous financial year, at 8.3% (+$1.3b). In comparison, at the national level Gross operating surplus had the strongest growth with 8.2%. Gross Household Disposable Income Per Capita
Gross state product per capita does not measure income received by residents of a particular state or territory because a proportion of income generated in the production process may be transferred to other states/territories or overseas (and conversely income may be received from other states/territories or from overseas). A measure that takes these interstate or overseas flows into account is gross household disposable income per capita. Households in the ACT recorded the highest level of gross household disposable income per capita of all states and territories in 2008-09, in current price terms. At $54,890 per capita, this was $15,879 more than the next highest jurisdiction, Western Australia ($39,011) and $18,288 higher than for Australia as a whole. Queensland recorded the lowest gross household disposable income per capita in 2008-09 ($32,898). Differences between states and territories are driven by a number of factors: average wage levels; proportion of the population in employment; the age distribution of the population and differences in the level of dwelling rent, including that imputed to owner occupiers. For example, one reason for the high level recorded for the ACT is the territory's high labour force participation rate - in December 2009 the trend participation rate for the ACT was 72.4%, versus 65.2% for Australia.
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