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EXPLANATORY NOTES
9 R&D performed overseas by Australian higher education institutions is included. Due to the very small amount of overseas expenditure, it is not separately identified. LOCATION OF R&D 10 Data shown in this release represent the main campus or head office location of the reporting institution, with the exception of the Australian Defence Force Academy (ADFA), which is part of the University of New South Wales but is shown against the Australian Capital Territory. AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND STANDARD RESEARCH CLASSIFICATION 11 Fields of research, socio-economic objective and type of activity statistics presented in this release have been collected and compiled based on the Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC), 2008 (cat. no. 1297.0). DERIVED EXPENDITURE ESTIMATES 12 Total cost of R&D undertaken is equivalent to direct expenditure plus indirect (overhead) expenditure. 13 Institutions were required to indicate whether overheads had been included in reported data. In cases where data did not include overheads, an estimate was calculated by either:
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) AND GROSS STATE PRODUCT (GSP) 14 The most recent GDP and GSP values available were used to calculate the R&D expenditure/GDP and R&D expenditure/GSP ratios presented in this issue. These values are referenced in the table below and have been revised from those used to calculate ratios in previous issues.
15 GDP is estimated by the ABS according to the international standards System of National Accounts, 2008 (2008 SNA) and is not directly comparable to GDP for countries where these standards have not been applied. 16 While statistics presented in this issue relate to the 2012 calendar year, financial year GDP and GSP data are used to ensure consistency with ratios published in other ABS R&D releases which use a financial year as the reporting period. CHAIN VOLUME MEASURES 17 The chain volume measures appearing in this release are annually reweighted chain Laspeyres indexes referenced to the current price values in a chosen reference year (currently 2012). All price values for previous years are re-expressed in (i.e. based on) the prices of the current year and linked together to form continuous time series. They are formed in a multi-stage process of which the major steps are described in Section 15 of the Information Paper: Australian National Accounts, Introduction of Chain Volume Measures and Price Indexes (cat. no. 5248.0). R&D deflators 18 With the implementation of the 2008 SNA, deflators used to calculate the chain volume measure of expenditure on R&D were revised to better capture changes in the unit value of labour used in the production of R&D services, and to increase and refine the number of products included in the deflators. The revised deflators have been used for Higher Education R&D statistics since the 2008 survey cycle. UPCOMING RELEASES 19 Upcoming releases of R&D statistics include:
OTHER RELATED RELEASES 20 Users may also wish to refer to the following ABS releases:
Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product, December 2013 (cat. no. 5206.0) Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2012-13 (cat. no. 5220.0) Innovation in Australian Business, 2010-11 (cat. no. 8158.0) Microdata: Business Longitudinal Database, Australia, 2006-07 to 2010-11 (cat. no. 8168.0.55.001) Research and Experimental Development, Businesses, Australia, 2011-12 (cat. no. 8104.0) Research and Experimental Development, Government and Private Non-Profit Organisations, Australia, 2011-12 (cat. no. 8109.0) Selected Characteristics of Australian Businesses, 2011-12 (cat. no. 8167.0) Summary of IT Use and Innovation in Australian Business, 2011-12 (cat. no. 8166.0) 21 Relevant OECD publications include: ABS WEBSITE 22 Other information relating to R&D and Innovation (including data cubes in spreadsheet format) can be found on the ABS website www.abs.gov.au. See the Innovation, Science and Technology theme page under Topics @ a Glance/Industry. ROUNDING 23 Where figures have been rounded, discrepancies may occur between the sum of the component items and totals. Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window.
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