Quality Declaration
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INTRODUCTION
6 The scope of this collection is beer, wine, spirits, RTDs and cider (from 2004-05 onwards) available for consumption in Australia. 7 Data for beer, wine, spirits and RTDs are collected from import clearances via the Australian Customs and Border Protection Service (ACBPS), excise tariff data from the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) (which only applies to alcohol sold in Australia and is collected for beer and spirits only), and domestic sales of Australian produced wine from winemakers. Data for beer and wine also contains an estimated component for home production. Data for cider has been derived indirectly from ABS National Health Surveys. 8 It should be noted that estimates of 'apparent consumption' of alcoholic beverages (excluding cider) are derived using information related to supply (that is, data on domestic sales of Australian produced wine, excise data on alcohol produced for domestic consumption, data on imports and an estimated component for home production). No adjustments are made for:
9 All alcohol available for consumption in a particular year is therefore assumed to have been consumed in that year. 10 Import clearance data are used in this publication to measure the quantity of alcohol imported into Australia. Import clearances relate to goods which are brought into Australia directly for home consumption, plus goods cleared from a bonded warehouse (that is, goods cleared into the Australian market for home consumption following payment of duty). Refer to International Merchandise Trade, Australia: Concepts, Sources and Methods, 2001 (cat. no. 5489.0) for more information. 11 Data provided by the ATO are administrative by-product data collected for the levying of excise tariffs. 12 Data relating to domestic sales of Australian produced wine is obtained directly by the ABS from winemakers. See Shipments of Wine and Brandy in Australia by Australian Winemakers and Importers (cat. no. 8504.0) for more information. BEER 13 Estimates of the volume of beer available for consumption (in terms of total volume and volume of pure alcohol) are obtained from excise data on Australian production and import clearance data, as well as an estimated amount for home production. 14 Changes were made to excise data for beer provided by the ATO due to excise tariff reform in July 2006. Since then, only data on the dutiable quantity of alcohol in beer is provided to the ABS by the ATO. Data on the first 1.15% of alcohol in beer (which does not attract excise) and data on the total volume of beer is no longer available, therefore this data is estimated using separate strength estimates for packaged and tap beer for each of the three beer strengths. This means the total quantity of alcohol and total volume of beer available for consumption, and apparent per capita consumption for beer, may not be directly comparable with data before 2006-07. The table below shows the average alcohol strengths of domestically produced beers for 2007-08 to 2012-13. ALCOHOL CONTENT OF DOMESTICALLY PRODUCED BEER, 2007-08 to 2012-13
15 As a result of excise tariff reform in July 2006, beer brewed on commercial premises for non-commercial purposes not separately identified previously was introduced to the ATO collection. Beer less than 3% volume of alcohol is included in low strength beer, while beer greater than 3% volume of alcohol is included in full strength beer (as the amount of mid strength beer brewed on commercial premises for non-commercial purposes is negligible). ALCOHOL CONTENT OF BEER, Type of beer
16 Prior to 2008-09, figures for beer included an estimated component for home production which was based on the survey Home Production of Selected Foodstuffs, Australia (cat. no. 7110.0), conducted in 1992. After a review into the estimated component for home production, incorporating advice from industry, the estimate for the home production of beer was marginally increased from 2.1% of total domestic beer available for consumption to 2.2%. WINE 17 In preparing the 2008-09 issue of Apparent Consumption of Alcohol, ABS undertook a comprehensive review of the alcohol content of wine in recognition of the effect that changing environmental conditions, industry practices and consumer preferences have had on wine. The review resulted in an increase of 1.9 percentage points for the assumed average alcohol content of table wine, from 10.8% to 12.7% (12.2% and 13.4% for white and red table wines, respectively). The assumed alcohol strength of sparkling and carbonated wine also increased while the assumed alcohol content of vermouth decreased. 18 Research by the Australian Wine Research Institute (Godden and Gishen, 2005) indicates that, overall, the average alcohol content of wines in Australia have increased since the mid 1980s. As a result, for the publication Apparent Consumption of Alcohol: Extended Time Series, 1944-45 to 2008-09 (cat. no. 4307.0.55.002), assumptions used in the calculation of alcohol in table wine were revised back to 1980-81. This was done by interpolating between the previous assumption for alcohol content of table wine (10.8% in 1979-80) and the new level (around 12.7% for red and white wine combined, in 2008-09). As volumes of red and white wine are available from 2000-01 onwards, separate assumptions were made for red and white wine for these years. Similarly, the alcohol content of sparkling wines was assumed to increase linearly between 1979-80 (10.6%) and 2008-09 (11.2%). The same assumptions for wine are used in this publication. Assumed concentrations of alcohol in wine are listed in the following table. ASSUMED ALCOHOL CONTENT OF WINE, 2004-05 to 2008-09 onwards
19 From 2009-10 onwards, data on domestic sales of vermouth are not available separately, but are included in 'Other wine not elsewhere included'. While alcohol content for these two categories differ, the very small amount of vermouth produced in recent years (less than 0.2% of total domestic wine volume in 2008-09) means that the inclusion of vermouth in 'Other wine not elsewhere included' has a negligible effect on the total volume of pure alcohol in wine. 20 Changes made to ACBPS tariff codes from 1 January 2012 have resulted in the combining of previously discrete wine codes for some wine types. See Information Paper: Changes to AHECC and Customs Tariff, 2012 (cat. no. 5368.0.55.017) for more information. Sensitivity analysis performed by the ABS indicates that assumptions made about the alcohol content of these combined codes have only a negligible effect on the total volume of pure alcohol in wine. SPIRITS 21 For spirits and RTDs the amount of alcohol available for consumption is only available as the quantity of pure alcohol. Data are obtained from import clearance data from the ACBPS and excise data on domestic production of spirits from the ATO, with an adjustment to account for the excise paid on imported spirits which are commercially mixed with locally manufactured soft drinks after importation. Since 2003-04 the excise data used in these estimates have been obtained from the ATO. In previous years, excise data was obtained from the ACBPS. 22 Prior to 2011-12, estimates of the volume of pure alcohol of imported flavoured cider obtained from ACBPS had been included in estimates of spirits. However, as cider was reported separately for the first time in the 2011-12 publication for 2004-05 onwards, imported flavoured cider has been removed from spirits estimates for 2004-05 onwards. This has a negligible effect on spirits, as the volumes of imported flavoured cider during this period were only small. READY TO DRINK (PRE-MIXED BEVERAGES) BEVERAGE TYPE, Proportion of total pure alcohol—National Health Survey and Apparent Consumption of Alcohol
33 According to the 2011-12 NHS, cider comprised 1.7% of the total volume of pure alcohol consumed. It was therefore assumed that cider would make up 1.7% of the total volume of pure alcohol of beer, wine, spirits and RTDs combined in the apparent consumption of alcohol collection in 2011-12 (180.201 million litres; see table below). Applying 1.7% to this figure results in an estimate of 3.063 million litres of pure alcohol of cider available for consumption in 2011-12, and therefore 183.264 million litres of pure alcohol available for consumption from all beverages. CIDER, Calculation of apparent consumption—2004-05 to 2012-13
34 Similarly, in the 2004-05 NHS cider comprised 0.7% of the total volume of pure alcohol consumed, resulting in 1.171 million litres of pure alcohol of cider available for consumption in 2004-05, while in the 2007-08 NHS cider comprised 0.6% of the total volume of pure alcohol consumed, resulting in 1.087 million litres of pure alcohol of cider available for consumption in 2007-08. For years between 2004-05 and 2007-08, and between 2007-08 and 2011-12, assumed proportions were calculated by interpolating between these years. Estimates of cider have not been produced for years prior to 2004-05 as information is not available from earlier National Health Surveys. 35 For 2012-13, cider was assumed to account for 2.0% of all pure alcohol available for consumption in Australia, continuing the upward trend in cider consumption according to National Health Survey data. 36 It should be noted that the method described above is an approximation, but allows an assessment of the relative impact of recent increases in cider on the total level of apparent consumption of alcohol in Australia. POPULATION ESTIMATES USED IN CALCULATING APPARENT PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION 37 Apparent per capita consumption data included in this publication are calculated by dividing the quantity of beverage or pure alcohol available for consumption by the estimated resident population of Australia of persons aged 15 years and over in Australia at 31 December each year. 38 For more information on population estimates see Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no. 3101.0). CONFIDENTIALITY 39 The Census and Statistics Act 1905 provides the authority for the ABS to collect statistical information, and requires that statistical output shall not be published or disseminated in a manner that is likely to enable the identification of a particular person or organisation. This requirement means that the ABS must take care and make assurances that any statistical information about individual respondents cannot be derived from published data. ROUNDING OF DATA 40 Percentages and percentage movements have been calculated using un-rounded numbers, and may differ from figures obtained from rounded numbers presented in tables. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 41 ABS publications draw extensively on information provided freely by individuals, business, governments and other organisations. Their continued cooperation is very much appreciated; without it, the wide range of statistics published by the ABS would not be available. Information received by the ABS is treated in strict confidence as required by the Census and Statistics Act 1905. RELATED PRODUCTS 42 Other ABS products which may be of interest to users include:
43 ABS products and publications are available free of charge from the ABS website <https://www.abs.gov.au>. Click on Statistics to gain access to the full range of ABS statistical or reference information. ADDITIONAL STATISTICS AVAILABLE 44 As well as the statistics included in this and related publications, the ABS may have other relevant data available on request. Enquiries should be made to the National Information and Referral Service on 1300 135 070 (email: client.services@abs.gov.au). Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window.
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