1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2002  
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 25/01/2002   
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Contents >> Energy >> Greenhouse gas emissions

As mentioned in Environment, fossil fuel combustion is the major contributor to Australia's greenhouse gas emissions. Table 15.26 shows that the electricity supply industry accounts for nearly half of total energy-related emissions, and that emissions in this industry grew by 25% between 1992-93 and 1997-98. Direct emissions by households contributed around 13% in 1997-98, most of these emissions due to motor vehicle use. Other significant direct emitters of greenhouse gases included manufacturing of iron and steel; mining; manufacturing of basic non-ferrous metals and products; air and space transport; and road transport (excluding household motor vehicle use). Combined emissions from this group of industries accounted for nearly 20% of energy-related emissions in 1997-98.



15.26 PRODUCTION OF ENERGY-RELATED GREENHOUSE GASES(a), By Industry - 1992-93 to 1997-98



1992-93


1993-94


1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
Change
1992-93
to
1997-98
Industry
Gg CO2-e(b)
Gg CO2-e
Gg CO2-e
Gg CO2-e
Gg CO2-e
Gg CO2-e
%

Agriculture; hunting and trapping; forestry and fishing
6,053
6,252
6,518
6,737
6,988
7,188
18.8
Mining
10,986
11,237
12,295
13,271
14,596
15,136
37.8
Manufacturing -
- Meat/meat products
719
740
744
719
658
643
-10.6
- Dairy products
717
715
747
756
727
737
2.8
- Fruit and vegetable products
303
320
325
353
339
337
11.2
- Oils and fats
157
156
159
149
152
157
0
- Flour/cereal products
296
302
310
334
331
334
12.8
- Bakery products
202
188
221
233
224
224
10.9
- Confectionary/other foods
731
819
902
1,080
1,030
1,016
39.0
- Beverages
326
341
338
325
318
307
-5.8
- Tobacco products
48
45
47
48
49
48
0
- Textiles, clothing, footwear
522
513
617
606
599
574
10.0
- Wood/wood products; paper, printing and publishing
2,372
2,321
2,494
2,477
2,728
2,644
11.5
- Petroleum/coal products
6,747
6,717
7,390
7,674
7,024
7,276
7.8
- Basic chemicals
4,175
4,100
4,620
5,527
4,317
4,712
12.9
- Other chemicals, rubber and plastic products
213
214
323
373
387
376
76.5
- Glass and glass products
596
587
541
503
503
494
-17.1
- Ceramic products
1,191
1,167
1,285
1,163
1,101
1,135
-4.7
- Cement; lime and concrete; plaster and other concrete
2,374
2,625
2,852
2,643
2,721
2,891
21.8
- Other non-metallic mineral products
782
772
676
663
699
656
-16.1
- Iron and steel
15,163
15,122
15,836
15,713
16,141
17,572
15.9
- Basic non-ferrous metal and products
13,354
13,675
13,832
13,821
13,920
13,542
1.4
- Fabricated metal products
444
457
489
494
498
501
12.8
- Transport equipment; other machinery and equipment
757
792
819
847
866
884
16.8
- Miscellaneous manufacturing
242
246
98
102
105
107
-55.8
Total
52,431
52,934
55,665
56,603
55,437
57,166
9.0
Electricity and gas -
- Electricity supply
135,256
136,424
141,773
147,531
152,899
168,845
24.8
- Gas supply
731
740
639
724
712
717
-1.9
Total
135,987
137,164
142,412
148,256
153,611
169,562
24.7
Construction
4,293
4,419
4,582
4,809
4,819
4,958
15.5
Transport -
- Road transport
7,795
8,070
8,475
8,860
9,279
9,556
22.6
- Rail, pipeline, other transport; services to transport; storage
4,265
4,378
4,520
4,710
4,864
5,532
29.7
- Water transport
3,625
3,761
4,754
4,858
4,536
4,078
12.5
- Air and space transport
9,758
10,123
11,361
12,280
12,736
11,772
20.6
Total
25,443
26,332
29,111
30,708
31,415
30,939
21.6
Services -
- Wholesale trade; retail trade; repairs
3,211
3,299
3,482
3,606
3,700
3,806
18.5
- Communication services
180
180
189
196
202
206
14.4
- Finance and insurance; ownership of dwellings; property and business services
1,077
1,106
1,145
1,187
1,229
1,254
16.4
- Government administration
621
636
664
681
712
727
17.1
- Education; health and community services
1,708
1,755
1,717
1,750
1,764
1,811
6.0
- Accommodation, cafes and restaurants; cultural and recreational services; personal and other services
871
903
1,006
1,063
1,081
1,118
28.4
- Water supply, sewerage and drainage services
113
117
121
128
135
140
23.9
Total
7,781
7,997
8,325
8,610
8,823
9,063
16.5
Household production
42,194
42,990
44,051
44,361
45,286
45,587
8.0
Total
285,168
289,325
302,959
313,355
320,975
339,597
19.1

(a) Excludes fugitive emissions.
(b) Giga grams of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2-e).
Note: Due to varying classification systems, definitional differences, and various states of revision of data sources, figures will not necessarily reconcile with other data sources. Statistics of greenhouse gas emissions are also available for 1999 from the Australian Greenhouse Office (AGO 2000).

Source: Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Accounts, Australia, 1992-93 to 1997-98 (4604.0).

While table 15.26 presents the direct generation of greenhouse gases by the energy-using industry group or sector, graph 15.25 shows that the bulk of Australia's energy-related greenhouse gases were emitted in the production and consumption of goods and services for the purpose of household final consumption (about 56%). A further 23% of energy-related emissions were generated in the production of goods and services for export. Other final use categories (general government final consumption, and gross fixed capital formation) were responsible for the remaining emissions.

The consumption of electricity by households indirectly produced the greatest amount of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions (17%). This was followed by direct emissions by households (15%), most of which is due to the consumption of motor vehicle fuels. The most significant contributor to energy-related greenhouse gas emissions resulting from production of goods and services for export is basic non-ferrous metals and products (6% of total energy-related greenhouse gases). A significant proportion of emissions is also attributed to buildings and other construction, such as roads, irrigation systems, oil refineries, and water and gas supply systems, that contain high levels of embodied energy (about 7% of total greenhouse gas emissions). Graphs 15.27 to 15.29 show the contributions that the production or consumption of various goods and services make towards Australia's greenhouse gas emissions.







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