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INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENERGY PRODUCTS
Australia is a net exporter of coal, LPG, liquified natural gas (LNG) and uranium. In 2003-04 a total of 11,759 PJ of Australian energy products were exported, comprising 11,669 PJ of primary energy and 90 PJ of derived energy (table 17.11). In terms of energy content, the largest commodities exported were black coal (53% of total energy exports) and uranium (36%), followed by crude oil (6%) and LNG (4%). Total energy exports (primary plus derived) increased by 34% from 1998-99 to 2003-04. This increase stems almost entirely from growth during the period of exports of primary energy products, particularly uranium (up 52%) and black coal (up 29%). The major derived energy products exported in 2003-04 were aviation turbine fuel (19.5 PJ), automotive gasoline (24.8 PJ) and diesel (32.0 PJ).
In contrast, total imports of energy products are relatively small (1,295 PJ in 2003-04) (table 17.11). The majority of Australia's energy imports are the primary energy products crude oil and LPG. Together, these two commodities made up 87% of total energy imports in 2003-04. Imports of primary energy products have remained relatively constant over recent times. Derived energy imports, however, have increased substantially from 138 PJ in 1998-99 to 365 PJ in 2003-04 (up 165%).
17.11 ENERGY PRODUCTS, Volume of exports and imports
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 | | Exports | Imports |
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| | 1998-99 | 2002-03 | 2003-04 | 1998-99 | 2002-03 | 2003-04 |
| | PJ | PJ | PJ | PJ | PJ | PJ |
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| Primary energy products | | | | | | |
| Black coal | 4,805.8 | 5,908.6 | 6,208.0 | - | - | - |
| Crude oil and ORF(a) | 528.8 | 810.7 | 679.0 | 1,150.5 | 1,082.0 | 909.4 |
| LPG | 63.9 | 82.0 | 75.4 | 12.8 | 7.7 | 20.2 |
| LNG | 425.4 | 425.8 | 430.5 | - | - | - |
| Uranium | 2,814.8 | 4,508.7 | 4,276.5 | - | - | - |
| Total | 8,638.7 | 11,735.8 | 11,669.4 | 1,163.3 | 1,089.7 | 929.6 |
| Derived energy products | | | | | | |
| Automotive gasoline | 52.4 | 36.1 | 24.8 | 30.4 | 57.2 | 110.9 |
| Aviation gasoline | 2.4 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 7.2 |
| Aviation turbine fuel | 20.1 | 23.7 | 19.5 | 5.2 | 15.8 | 24.8 |
| ADO and IDF(b) | 47.5 | 40.2 | 32.0 | 55.4 | 62.8 | 129.3 |
| Fuel oil and kerosene | 11.1 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 24.5 | 25.1 | 53.4 |
| Other petroleum products(c) | 21.1 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 20.8 | 31.9 | 39.7 |
| Briquettes | 1.8 | 7.0 | - | - | - | - |
| Coke | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Total | 156.4 | 121.5 | 89.7 | 137.7 | 194.9 | 365.3 |
| Total | 8,795.1 | 11,857.3 | 11,759.1 | 1,301.0 | 1,284.6 | 1,294.9 |
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(a) Other refinery feedstock (ORF).
(b) Automotive diesel oil (ADO) and industrial diesel fuel (IDF).
(c) Also includes lubricants and greases, bitumen and other bituminous products, solvents, waste oils and diesel.
Source: ABARE 2005b, Table J. |
Graph 17.12 shows the comparison between energy exports and imports over the past 30 years. The decrease in total exports of energy products between 2000-01 and 2001-02 is largely due to a fall in uranium exports.
17.13 ENERGY PRODUCTS, Value of exports and imports
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| Exports | Imports |
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| 1998-99 | 2002-03 | 2003-04 | 1998-99 | 2002-03 | 2003-04 |
| Fuel | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m |
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| Black coal(a) | 9,239 | 11,896 | 10,882 | - | - | - |
| Crude oil and ORF(b) | 1,881 | 6,402 | 5,055 | 3,794 | 8,610 | 6,594 |
| LPG | 297 | 855 | 647 | 64 | 76 | 166 |
| LNG | 1,425 | 2,607 | 2,174 | - | - | - |
| Uranium oxide | 288 | 427 | 365 | - | - | - |
| Refinery products | 866 | 1,198 | 918 | 804 | 1,974 | 3,428 |
| Total of energy products | 13,996 | 23,385 | 20,041 | 4,662 | 10,660 | 10,188 |
| Total merchandise trade | 86,000 | 115,479 | 108,848 | 97,623 | 133,129 | 131,012 |
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(a) Coking plus steaming.
(b) Other refinery feedstock (ORF).
Source: International Merchandise Trade, Australia (5422.0); International Trade in Goods and Services, Australia (5368.0); ABARE 2004a. |
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