INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
An analysis of performance by selected industries follows.
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
In 2008-09, Agriculture, forestry and fishing contributed 2.8% to total income, 2.8% to total expenses, and 2.5% to industry value added for Total selected industries.
Small businesses dominated Agriculture, forestry and fishing, contributing higher proportions of the industry's total income (79.6%), wages and salaries (64.8%), and employment (83.7%), than in any other industry.
Mining
Mining showed strong profits in 2008-09, with OPBT increasing $17.7b (38.6%), EBITDA increasing $25.2b (51.5%) and IVA increasing $34.9b (48.4%) since 2007-08. The percentage increases in these aggregates are the highest of all the selected industries. Mining is now the largest contributor to IVA, accounting for 12.7% of the Total selected industries IVA figure.
Depreciation and amortisation is a significant element of the cost structure of Mining, and represented 11.8% of its total expenses in 2008-09, the second highest proportion after Information media and telecommunications (12.7%).
In 2008-09, Mining had the highest capital expenditure ($45.8b), wages and salaries per employee ($114,900), sales and service income per person employed ($1.27m), and highest profit margin (37.1%) of all the selected industries.
Manufacturing
In 2008-09, Manufacturing was the largest contributor of all the selected industries to total income (16.7%) and sales and service income (17.4%).
Electricity, gas, water and waste services
Large businesses in Electricity, gas, water and waste services dominated in 2008-09, contributing more than 70% of its IVA, OPBT, wages and salaries, and sales and service income. In terms of both employment and wages and salaries, this industry was the most heavily dominated by large businesses, which contributed 67.6% and 81.2% respectively to these items.
Employment in Electricity, gas, water and waste services rose 6.9% between 2007-08 and 2008-09.
Total income increased by $7.1b (9.1%) between 2007-08 and 2008-09, and total expenses increased by $5.5b (8.1%).
Wholesale trade
Wholesale trade accounted for 15.4% of total income for Total selected industries in 2008-09, the second largest contributor after Manufacturing.
At 8.8%, the proportion of selected labour costs to total expenses in Wholesale trade in 2008-09 was the lowest of all selected industries.
Retail trade
Total income and total expenses in Retail trade increased by 6.9% and 6.4% respectively between 2007-08 and 2008-09.
With $332.9b of total income, Retail trade recorded the third largest total income of Total selected industries, after Manufacturing and Wholesale trade.
With 1.27m persons, Retail trade had the largest employment of any of the selected industries.
Accommodation and food services
OPBT in Accommodation and food services increased by 9.8% ($466.0m) between 2007-08 and 2008-09, while EBITDA decreased 5.4% ($451.0m). The movement in OPBT was driven by an increase in other income. EBITDA is not affected by other income and as a result has moved in the opposite direction.
Transport, postal and warehousing
Transport, postal and warehousing experienced a $3.2b (22.0%) decrease in OPBT between 2007-08 and 2008-09 and a $1.7b (3.2%) decrease in IVA.
Information media and telecommunications
OPBT in Information, media and telecommunications decreased by $4.3b (40.2%) between 2007-08 and 2008-09, with a fall in total income of $2.9b (4.1%). Both were driven by a significant drop in the level of other income.
Over a third (37.5%) of the value of capital expenditure in Information media and telecommunications consisted of capital work done for own use, the highest proportion of any industry shown.
Depreciation and amortisation was a significant element of the cost structure of Information media and telecommunications, and represented 12.7% of its total expenses in 2008-09, the highest proportion of all selected industries.
Large businesses dominated Information media and telecommunications, contributing more than 70% of its IVA, total income, total expenses, and wages and salaries. In terms of IVA, the contribution of large businesses to this industry (81.9%) was proportionately higher than in any other selected industry.
Rental, hiring and real estate services
In both absolute and percentage terms, Rental, hiring and real estate services has shown the largest decrease in total income ($18.2b, or 17.2%) of all industries between 2007-08 and 2008-09. OPBT decreased by $22.5b (61.3%), while EBITDA increased by $3.5b (12.1%). As a result of the fall in OPBT, the profit margin of this industry has fallen from being ranked highest in 2007-08 (44.0%) to fourth in 2008-09 (16.3%). A significant decrease in other income has impacted markedly on total income, OPBT and profit margin for this industry. EBITDA is not impacted by other income and has conversely recorded an increase.
Rental, hiring and real estate services had the second highest capital expenditure of any industry at $38.8b, behind Mining.
In percentage terms, Rental, hiring and real estate services had the highest interest expenses of any industry, accounting for 18.1% of its total expenses. By comparison, interest expenses accounted for 3.2% of total expenses for Total selected industries.
Professional, scientific and technical services
Total income in Professional, scientific and technical services increased by $19.1b (11.4%) between 2007-08 and 2008-09, the second largest percentage increase of all the selected industries, after Mining.
Administrative and support services
Employment in Administrative and support services fell by 8.0% between 2007-08 and 2008-09, the second largest percentage decrease after Public administration and safety (private).
Education and training (private)
In 2008-09, selected labour costs for Education and training (private) represented 59.0% of the industry's total expenses, and the $8.6b received as funding from government for operational costs amounted to 37.8% of the industry's total income. Both proportions were the highest of any selected industry.
This industry had the highest ratio of wages and salaries to sales and service income (0.90) of the selected industries, significantly higher than the second ranked industry by this measure, Health care and social assistance (private) (0.52).
Health care and social assistance (private)
Of the selected industries, Health care and social assistance (private) was by far the largest recipient of funding from government for operational costs. In 2008-09 it received $18.4b, or 38.1% of all such funding paid to Total selected industries. This funding represented 23.5% of the total income of the industry, compared to 20.7% in 2007-08.
The percentage of businesses in this industry which returned a profit was 83.8%, the highest proportion of any selected industry in 2008-09.
Other services
Other services was heavily dominated by small businesses, which accounted for 86.0% of the industry's OPBT and 61.5% of the industry's IVA in 2008-09.
Quality Declaration 
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