PRODUCTION AND TRADE OF MINERALS
Mineral commodities production
Tables 18.15 and 18.16 show the quantity and value respectively of selected minerals (including oil and gas) produced in Australia.
18.15 MINERAL COMMODITIES PRODUCED, Qantity |
|
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | 2002-03 | 2003-04 | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | Percentage change
from 2002-03
to 2006-07 |
Metallic minerals |
|
Bauxite | Mt | 54 | 56 | 57 | 61 | 63 | 16.7 |
Copper (metal content) | '000 t | 822 | 775 | 894 | 920 | 829 | 0.9 |
Gold (metal content) | t | 273 | 267 | 255 | 247 | 239 | -12.5 |
Iron ore and concentrate | Mt | 194 | 205 | 236 | 246 | 263 | 35.8 |
Lead (metal content) | '000 t | 654 | 664 | 643 | 703 | 587 | -10.2 |
Nickel (metal content) | '000 t | 192 | 182 | 180 | 184 | 174 | -9.4 |
Silver (metal content) | t | 1 913 | 2 019 | 2 226 | 2 007 | 1 635 | -14.5 |
Uranium oxide | t | 9 148 | 9 532 | 10 963 | 9 949 | 9 581 | 4.7 |
Zinc (metal content) | '000 t | 1 327 | 1 215 | 1 184 | 1 216 | 1 227 | -7.5 |
Fuel minerals |
|
Black coal (saleable) | Mt | 275 | 284 | 305 | 311 | 323 | 17.5 |
Brown coal | Mt | 67 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 66 | -1.2 |
Crude oil | ML | 27 061 | 23 670 | 20 864 | 18 772 | 21 724 | -19.7 |
Condensate | ML | 7 526 | 6 825 | 7 927 | 8 087 | 7 843 | 4.2 |
Natural gas | Mm3 | 24 176 | 24 748 | 23 847 | 23 838 | 27 092 | 12.1 |
Liquefied natural gas | t | 7 765 874 | 7 787 261 | 11 037 572 | 12 543 261 | 14 321 230 | 84.4 |
Industrial minerals |
|
Diamonds | '000 ct | 38 996 | 32 499 | 22 800 | 29 264 | 24 618 | -36.9 |
Salt | '000 t | 10 438 | 10 635 | 12 186 | 11 467 | 10 857 | 4.0 |
Ilmenite | t | 1 133 556 | 905 367 | 859 733 | 743 971 | 1 417 895 | 25.1 |
Synthetic rutile | t | 597 274 | 592 178 | na | na | na | na |
Leucoxene | t | 38 060 | 51 734 | 70 729 | 77 024 | 52 257 | 37.3 |
Rutile | t | 192 629 | 189 229 | na | na | na | na |
Zircon | '000 t | 468 | 473 | 471 | 455 | 489 | 4.4 |
Manganese ore | t | 2 471 981 | 3 066 754 | 3 606 383 | 3 825 730 | 4 563 524 | 84.6 |
|
na not available |
Source: ABS Mining Operations, Australia (8415.0). |
In the period 2002-03 to 2006-07 the most significant increases in production were for manganese ore (85%), liquefied natural gas (84%) and leucoxene (37%). Iron ore and concentrate, ilmenite, saleable black coal, bauxite and natural gas increased in production by 36%, 25%, 18%, 17% and 12% respectively.
Production of gold, lead, nickel, silver, zinc, brown coal, crude oil and diamonds decreased between 2002-03 and 2006-07, with the largest falls recorded for diamonds (37%), crude oil (20%), silver (15%) and gold (13%).
The largest increases in percentage terms in the value of minerals production in the period 2002-03 to 2006-07 were for manganese ore (306%), copper (233%), nickel (232%), zinc (225%) and lead (153%). The value of salt in percentage terms fell by 10% (table 18.16).
18.16 MINERAL, OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION, Value |
|
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | 2002-03 | 2003-04 | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | Percentage change
from 2002-03
to 2006-07 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | % |
|
Bauxite | 782 | 817 | 862 | 875 | 847 | 8.3 |
Copper (metal content) | 2 260 | 2 543 | 3 777 | 6 290 | 7 525 | 233.0 |
Gold (metal content) | 5 046 | 4 731 | 4 635 | 5 609 | 6 284 | 24.5 |
Iron ore and concentrate | 5 298 | 5 359 | 8 330 | 12 897 | 15 975 | 201.5 |
Lead (metal content) | 502 | 654 | 830 | 1 015 | 1 271 | 153.2 |
Nickel (metal content) | 2 528 | 3 139 | 3 613 | 3 816 | 8 402 | 232.4 |
Silver (metal content) | 490 | 530 | 666 | 801 | 857 | 74.9 |
Uranium oxide | 308 | 382 | 463 | 530 | 664 | 115.6 |
Zinc (metal content) | 1 778 | 1 649 | 1 852 | 3 484 | 5 785 | 225.4 |
Black coal (saleable)(a) | 12 724 | 11 566 | 17 720 | 26 317 | 24 368 | 91.5 |
Brown coal | 534 | 531 | 843 | 851 | 1 016 | 90.3 |
Crude oil | 7 888 | 6 721 | 8 471 | 10 080 | 11 416 | 44.7 |
Condensate | 2 207 | 1 925 | 3 101 | 4 045 | 3 970 | 79.9 |
Natural gas | 2 250 | 2 380 | 2 445 | 2 547 | 2 915 | 29.6 |
Liquefied natural gas | 3 131 | 2 776 | 3 953 | 4 930 | 4 986 | 59.2 |
Diamonds | 788 | 520 | 468 | np | np | na |
Salt | 260 | 211 | 222 | 237 | 234 | -10.0 |
Ilmenite | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | np | np | np |
Synthetic rutile | 354 | 307 | 401 | 419 | 374 | 5.6 |
Leucoxene | 16 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 20 | 25.0 |
Rutile | np | np | np | np | np | np |
Zircon | np | np | np | 400 | np | na |
Manganese ore | 275 | 282 | 479 | 478 | 1 117 | 306.2 |
|
na not available |
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated |
(a) Excludes production from Tasmania. |
Source: ABS Mining Operations, Australia (8415.0). |
As few minerals can be directly used in the form in which they are mined, most of these undergo processing and treatment before use.
Table 18.17 shows the production of the main manufactured products of mineral origin.
18.17 PRODUCTION OF PRINCIPAL MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS, By mineral origin |
|
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | 2003-04 | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | 2007-08 |
Metals |
|
Non-ferrous | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Alumina | ’000 t | 16 690 | 17 161 | 17 826 | 18 506 | 19 359 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Refined aluminium | ’000 t | 1 877 | 1 890 | 1 912 | 1 954 | 1 964 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Refined copper | ’000 t | 459 | 479 | 461 | 435 | 444 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Lead bullion | ’000 t | 143 | 153 | 141 | 114 | 152 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Refined lead | ’000 t | 247 | 234 | 234 | 191 | 203 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Refined zinc | ’000 t | 502 | 464 | 446 | 496 | 507 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Refined tin | t | 553 | 445 | 736 | 321 | na |
Ferrous |
|
Raw steel(a) | ’000 t | 9 430 | 7 395 | 7 886 | 8 010 | 8 121 |
Precious |
|
Refined gold | t | 397 | 345 | 380 | 360 | 364 |
Refined silver | t | 619 | 722 | 655 | 618 | 605 |
Petroleum |
|
Petroleum products | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Diesel automotive oil | ML | 12 544 | 12 822 | 10 154 | 11 055 | 12 177 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Industrial and marine diesel fuel | ML | 84 | 22 | 31 | 21 | 3 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Fuel oil(b) | ML | 1 105 | 1 092 | 1 048 | 942 | 979 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Automotive gasoline | ML | 17 375 | 17 913 | 16 528 | 17 732 | 17 079 |
Building materials |
|
Clay bricks (standard brick equivalent) | m | 1 789 | 1 705 | 1 606 | 1 570 | 1 459 |
Portland cement | ’000 t | 8 460 | 8 925 | 8 910 | 9 380 | 9 839 |
Chemicals |
|
Single superphosphate | ’000 t | 1 446 | 1 594 | 1 309 | 944 | 1 413 |
|
na not available |
(a) Includes recovery from scrap. |
(b) Excludes refinery fuel. |
Source: ABS Manufacturing Production, Australia (8301.055.001); Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), 'Australian Mineral Statistics', various issues and 'Australian Commodity Statistics 2008'. |
Exports of minerals and petroleum
Tables 18.18 and 18.19 show the quantity and value respectively of the main mineral commodities exported from Australia. In 2007-08, black coal (including metallurgical and thermal) was the largest export earner ($24b), followed by iron ore and pellets ($20b), refined gold ($11b), crude oil and other refinery feedstock ($10b), copper ($7b), liquid natural gas (LNG) and alumina ($6b each) and aluminium ($5b).
18.18 EXPORTS OF MAJOR MINERALS, OIL AND GAS |
|
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | 2007-08 |
|
Alumina | kt | 14 073 | 14 499 | 15 056 | 15 739 |
Aluminium (ingot metal) | kt | 1 512 | 1 617 | 1 638 | 1 650 |
Coal, black | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Metallurgical | Mt | 125 | 120 | 132 | 137 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Thermal | Mt | 106 | 111 | 112 | 115 |
Copper | kt | 701 | 790 | 699 | 733 |
Diamonds | '000 ct | 32 471 | 25 354 | 24 632 | 16 544 |
Gold, refined | t | 309 | 315 | 400 | 382 |
Iron and steel | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron ore and pellets | Mt | 228 | 239 | 257 | 294 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron and steel | kt | 2 338 | 2 428 | 2 648 | 2 131 |
Lead | kt | 782 | 756 | 635 | 589 |
Manganese ore and concentrate | kt | 3 128 | 3 215 | 4 667 | 5 105 |
Oil and gas | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Crude oil and other refinery feedstock | ML | 15 731 | 13 026 | 15 965 | 15 975 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | LNG | Mt | 11 | 12 | 15 | 15 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | LPG | ML | 2 844 | 2 800 | 2 824 | 2 589 |
Salt | kt | 12 128 | 10 776 | 10 749 | 10 686 |
Tin | t | 1 529 | 1 556 | 1 867 | 3 079 |
Titanium minerals | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Ilmenite concentrate | kt | 633 | 722 | 999 | 894 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Rutile concentrate | kt | 158 | 169 | 307 | 399 |
Uranium oxide | t | 11 249 | 10 253 | 9 519 | 10 139 |
Zinc | kt | 1 427 | 1 328 | 1 321 | 1 507 |
Zircon concentrate | kt | 428 | 438 | 555 | 637 |
|
Source: Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), 'Australian Commodity Statistics, 2008'. |
18.19 EXPORTS OF MAJOR MINERALS, OIL AND GAS, Value |
|
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | 2007-08 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | $m | $m | $m | $m |
|
Alumina | 4 383 | 5 262 | 6 243 | 5 809 |
Aluminium (ingot metal) | 3 726 | 4 788 | 5 650 | 4 967 |
Coal, black | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Metallurgical | 10 758 | 17 003 | 15 039 | 15 996 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Thermal | 6 336 | 7 206 | 6 758 | 8 364 |
Copper | 3 082 | 5 653 | 6 526 | 6 728 |
Diamonds | 683 | 836 | 726 | 664 |
Gold, refined | 5 523 | 7 089 | 10 320 | 10 903 |
Iron and steel | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron ore and pellets | 8 120 | 12 854 | 15 512 | 20 423 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron and steel | 2 031 | 1 674 | 1 743 | 1 562 |
Lead | 1 041 | 1 296 | 1 579 | 2 050 |
Manganese ore and concentrate | 473 | 424 | 482 | 1 532 |
Oil and gas | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Crude oil and other refinery feedstock | 6 330 | 6 638 | 8 317 | 10 487 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | LNG | 3 199 | 4 416 | 5 222 | 5 854 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | LPG | 804 | 1 002 | 1 038 | 1 182 |
Salt | 226 | 229 | 239 | 232 |
Tin | 8 | 12 | 25 | 42 |
Titanium minerals | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Ilmenite concentrate | 63 | 76 | 113 | 104 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Rutile concentrate | 114 | 138 | 259 | 277 |
Uranium oxide | 475 | 546 | 660 | 887 |
Zinc | 1 466 | 2 540 | 4 298 | 3 352 |
Zircon concentrate | 319 | 398 | 478 | 421 |
|
Source: Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), 'Australian Commodity Statistics, 2008'. |
Graph 18.20 shows the value of Australia's four largest mineral exports during the period 2000-01 to 2007-08. The value of exports of black coal, iron ore and pellets, crude oil and other refinery feedstock and refined gold all grew over this period, with iron ore and pellets recording the largest increase (317%), followed by black coal (126%) and refined gold (123%). Crude oil and other refinery feedstock increased 29% for the same period. The increases for black coal exports in 2000-01, 2004-05 and 2005-06 were due to an increase in unit values of metallurgical and thermal coal exports. The value of black coal exports fell in 2006-07 before growing again in 2007-08, while the export value of crude oil and other refinery feedstock fell to $5b in 2003-04 before growing to reach $10b in 2007-08.
18.20 EXPORTS OF SELECTED MINERALS
![Graph: 18.20 EXPORTS OF SELECTED MINERALS](/ausstats/abs@.nsf/39433889d406eeb9ca2570610019e9a5/12d42ed59a2793d8ca25773700169cc4/Body/1.334E!OpenElement&FieldElemFormat=gif)
The major markets for Australian mineral and petroleum exports to Japan, China, the Republic of (South) Korea and India for the period 1992-93 to 2007-08 are shown in graph 18.21.
Japan was consistently the main destination for Australian minerals, receiving 25% ($28b) of total mineral exports by value in 2007-08. The main minerals by volume exported to Japan were aluminium, coal, iron ore, crude oil and other refinery feedstock and liquified petroleum gas (LPG). Of these minerals, coal was the most significant. In 2007-08, 67 megatonnes (Mt) of thermal (or steaming) coal, and 25 Mt of both high quality and other metallurgical (or coking) coal were exported to Japan (58%, 30% and 48% respectively of total Australian export volumes for these commodities). In the same year, 2,280 megalitres (ML) of crude oil and other refinery feedstock, 1,587 ML of LPG and 77,310 kilotonnes (kt) of iron ore were also exported to this country. These exports respectively accounted for 14%, 61% and 29% of Australia's total export volumes of crude oil and other refinery feedstock, LPG and iron ore. Aluminium exports to Japan contributed 36% of total Australian exports (by volume) of aluminium in 2007.
Other major export destinations in 2007-08 were China, the Republic of (South) Korea and India. Major exports to the Republic of (South) Korea included iron ore, thermal coal, lead ores and concentrates, refined lead metal and crude oil and other refinery feedstock which accounted for 11%, 16%, 60%, 20% and 23% respectively of export volume totals.
China has become a major export destination for iron ore and zinc ores and concentrates, accounting for 53% and 30% respectively of total export volumes for these commodities in 2007.
Exports to India have been generally increasing since 1992-93, with a sharp increase between 2002-03 and 2003-04 (107%). Gold exports of refined and unrefined bullion to India accounted for 39% (161 tonnes) of Australian exports of gold in 2007, while copper concentrate exports to India in 2007-08 (565,000 tonnes) were 37% of total Australian copper concentrate exports.
18.21 EXPORTS OF MINERAL COMMODITIES, By country of destination
![Graph: 18.21 EXPORTS OF MINERAL COMMODITIES, By country of destination](/ausstats/abs@.nsf/39433889d406eeb9ca2570610019e9a5/12d42ed59a2793d8ca25773700169cc4/Body/1.49C4!OpenElement&FieldElemFormat=gif)
18.22 IMPORTS OF MAJOR MINERALS AND PETROLEUM |
|
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | 2004-05 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | 2007-08 |
Quantity |
|
Diamonds | '000 ct | 2 168 | 4 098 | 3 430 | 2 964 |
Gold | na | na | na | na | na |
Iron and steel | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron ore and pellets | kt | 4 648 | 5 026 | 4 722 | 4 401 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron and steel | kt | 2 116 | 2 191 | 2 318 | 1 848 |
Petroleum | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Crude oil and other refinery feedstock | ML | 26 054 | 24 416 | 25 345 | 26 222 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | LPG | ML | 540 | 599 | 748 | 965 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Automotive gasoline | ML | 3 131 | 3 687 | 2 912 | 3 533 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Aviation turbine fuel | ML | 983 | 817 | 1 045 | 1 846 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Diesel fuel | ML | 3 944 | 6 122 | 5 439 | 7 470 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Fuel oil | ML | 1 281 | 1 418 | 1 363 | 1 625 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Lubricants | ML | 327 | 370 | 365 | 396 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Other products | ML | 981 | 2 111 | 2 146 | 2 147 |
Phosphate rock | kt | 797 | 655 | 472 | 707 |
Platinum and platinum group metals | kg | 2 391 | 2 097 | 4 571 | 2 518 |
Value |
|
Diamonds | $m | 347 | 403 | 397 | 444 |
Gold | $m | 2 462 | 4 800 | 5 309 | 7 311 |
Iron and steel | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron ore and pellets | $m | 145 | 222 | 338 | 311 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Iron and steel | $m | 2 041 | 2 075 | 2 479 | 2 225 |
Petroleum | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | ![](/icons/ecblank.gif) |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Crude oil and other refinery feedstock | $m | 9 995 | 12 820 | 13 360 | 17 059 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | LPG | $m | 143 | 198 | 261 | 436 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Automotive gasoline | $m | 1 463 | 2 342 | 1 872 | 2 719 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Aviation turbine fuel | $m | 483 | 527 | 668 | 1 505 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Diesel fuel | $m | 1 933 | 4 071 | 3 466 | 6 155 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Fuel oil | $m | 364 | 569 | 536 | 831 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Lubricants | $m | 288 | 418 | 495 | 477 |
![](/icons/ecblank.gif) | Other products | $m | 448 | 637 | 1 285 | 1 331 |
Phosphate rock | $m | 49 | 42 | 32 | 80 |
Platinum and platinum group metals | $m | 59 | 70 | 186 | 111 |
|
na not available |
Source: Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), 'Australian Commodity Statistics, 2008' and 'Australian Mineral Statistics,' various issues. |
Imports of minerals and petroleum
Many imported mineral and petroleum commodities have had a certain amount of manufacturing applied to their raw forms. Table 18.22 provides details of the major commodities imported in the period 2004-05 to 2007-08. In terms of value, the largest imports for 2007-08 were for crude oil and other refinery feedstock ($17b), followed by gold ($7b). The major sources of Australian imports of crude oil and other refinery feedstock in 2007-08 were Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia, with a combined value of $14b (52% of the total import quantity for this commodity).
Graph 18.23 shows imports of selected major minerals and petroleum during the period 2001-02 to 2007-08. The value of imports of crude oil and other refinery feedstock were significantly higher than the import values of other minerals, particularly in 2006-07 and 2007-08, where the values of imports of this commodity were $13b and $17b respectively.
18.23 IMPORTS OF SELECTED MINERAL COMMODITIES
![Graph: 18.23 IMPORTS OF SELECTED MINERAL COMMODITIES](/ausstats/abs@.nsf/39433889d406eeb9ca2570610019e9a5/12d42ed59a2793d8ca25773700169cc4/Body/2.40C0!OpenElement&FieldElemFormat=gif)