4602.0 - Environmental Issues: People's Views and Practices, Mar 2007  
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 06/12/2007  Final
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Contents >> Water conservation inside the Dwelling >> Water conservation inside the Dwelling Tables

4.7 Households that took steps to save water inside the dwelling(a)(b) - 2007
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(c)(d)
ACT(c)
Aust.
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
Capital City
Saved water in the:
Laundry(e)
62.7
70.7
71.3
53.9
54.8
61.2
37.0
63.8
64.0
Kitchen
48.5
60.5
61.4
39.5
40.4
57.2
28.7
53.3
51.8
Toilet(f)
45.9
39.8
47.2
34.6
30.1
34.9
18.3
43.5
40.9
Bathroom
64.8
76.7
78.5
60.2
49.8
67.0
34.6
70.1
67.6
Balance of state/territory
Saved water in the:
Laundry(e)
60.7
74.8
61.7
59.5
57.9
64.7
-
-
63.7
Kitchen
41.2
52.1
50.9
40.4
41.5
53.7
-
-
46.6
Toilet(f)
35.2
41.1
41.4
31.2
31.3
39.0
-
-
37.8
Bathroom
60.7
73.0
67.2
58.0
56.4
62.7
-
-
64.6
Total state/territory
Saved water in the:
Laundry(e)
61.9
71.9
66.1
55.4
55.5
63.2
37.0
63.8
63.9
Kitchen
45.7
58.0
55.7
39.7
40.7
55.2
28.7
53.3
49.9
Toilet(f)
41.8
40.2
44.0
33.7
30.4
37.3
18.3
43.5
39.8
Bathroom
63.2
75.6
72.4
59.6
51.4
64.5
34.6
70.1
66.5
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Figures in each row have been calculated as a proportion of total households that have the facility described in that row.
(b) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months.
(c) No regional split between capital city and balance of state/territory for NT and ACT as the sample does not support any breakdown beyond the whole territory.
(d) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas only.
(e) Excludes households that do not have a laundry or washing machine at the dwelling.
(f) Excludes households that do not have a flushing toilet at the dwelling.

4.8 Households that took steps to save water in the laundry(a)(b) - 2007
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(c)
ACT
Aust.
NUMBER ('000)
Households that saved water in the laundry(d)
1 590.8
1 393.8
1 013.7
355.0
437.4
124.2
22.0
81.2
5 018.2
Collect grey water
477.7
802.3
291.2
139.0
134.0
27.4
5.2
42.4
1 919.3
Use grey water
184.4
257.5
175.8
87.9
76.6
10.9
6.3
16.1
815.5
Bought a water efficient washing machine
260.1
160.2
207.2
56.9
127.7
30.0
4.6
13.2
859.9
Only use washing machine when fully loaded
771.4
574.8
450.7
101.2
177.2
66.1
9.3
37.2
2 187.8
Use washing machine less/handwash
158.9
183.5
108.8
38.6
47.3
12.4
*2.3
6.8
558.6
Do less washing
174.0
167.6
118.0
41.0
36.0
10.0
2.6
5.7
555.0
Adjust water level when washing
206.1
152.9
167.3
34.1
71.0
37.6
6.4
13.4
688.8
Use suds saver on washing machine
61.4
42.7
38.7
18.9
20.7
6.2
**0.6
3.2
192.5
Use plug in sink/tub/basin
72.4
110.5
36.8
*5.7
26.3
26.7
*3.6
7.4
289.4
Use less water in sink/tub/basin
48.4
78.6
26.5
7.6
13.3
*9.9
*2.8
4.1
191.2
Check and repair leaks in taps/pipes/washing machine hoses
97.1
82.9
63.7
*5.7
43.1
32.5
*4.5
13.8
343.3
Other
24.9
17.3
17.3
5.8
9.7
*1.2
-
**1.0
77.1
No water saving activities reported/don't know
978.5
543.8
520.8
286.4
350.4
72.3
37.4
46.1
2 835.6
Total households
2 569.4
1 937.6
1 534.5
641.4
787.8
196.5
59.5
127.2
7 853.8
PROPORTION (%)
Households that saved water in the laundry(d)
61.9
71.9
66.1
55.4
55.5
63.2
37.0
63.8
63.9
Collect grey water
18.6
41.4
19.0
21.7
17.0
13.9
8.8
33.3
24.4
Use grey water
7.2
13.3
11.5
13.7
9.7
5.5
10.6
12.7
10.4
Bought a water efficient washing machine
10.1
8.3
13.5
8.9
16.2
15.3
7.7
10.4
10.9
Only use washing machine when fully loaded
30.0
29.7
29.4
15.8
22.5
33.6
15.6
29.3
27.9
Use washing machine less/handwash
6.2
9.5
7.1
6.0
6.0
6.3
*3.9
5.4
7.1
Do less washing
6.8
8.7
7.7
6.4
4.6
5.1
*4.4
4.5
7.1
Adjust water level when washing
8.0
7.9
10.9
5.3
9.0
19.2
10.8
10.6
8.8
Use suds saver on washing machine
2.4
2.2
2.5
3.0
2.6
3.2
**1.1
2.5
2.5
Use plug in sink/tub/basin
2.8
5.7
2.4
*0.9
3.3
13.6
*6.1
5.8
3.7
Use less water in sink/tub/basin
1.9
4.1
1.7
1.2
1.7
*5.0
*4.6
3.2
2.4
Check and repair leaks in taps/pipes/washing machine hoses
3.8
4.3
4.2
*0.9
5.5
16.5
*7.6
10.8
4.4
Other
1.0
0.9
1.1
0.9
1.2
*0.6
-
**0.8
1.0
No water saving activities reported/don't know
38.1
28.1
33.9
44.6
44.5
36.8
63.0
36.2
36.1
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
** estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Excludes households that do not have a laundry or washing machine at the dwelling.
(b) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months.
(c) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas only.
(d) Sub-totals do not equal the sum of items in each column as more than one step can be taken and reported.

4.9 Households that took steps to save water in the toilet(a)(b) - 2007
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(c)
ACT
Aust.
NUMBER ('000)
Households that save water in the toilet(d)
1 114.7
795.6
684.4
219.6
244.5
73.8
11.2
55.9
3 199.8
Use grey water
43.6
55.8
22.4
7.7
6.8
np
np
*1.1
138.9
Installed water-efficient toilet
121.9
69.8
100.7
27.4
28.0
7.3
*1.9
7.7
364.7
Reduced flush volume
133.2
57.6
61.2
23.5
24.1
7.5
**1.1
8.5
316.6
Use half flush on dual flush toilet
489.0
340.4
268.6
81.6
113.4
35.8
4.7
23.0
1 356.5
Flush less often/only when needed
434.9
422.7
287.6
87.6
85.7
29.4
*3.3
18.9
1 370.2
Check and fix leaks in cistern
46.9
58.8
38.3
6.6
20.3
16.2
np
np
193.9
Other
15.4
15.5
8.8
*2.4
*3.5
np
-
np
46.1
No water saving activities reported/don't know
1 551.8
1 185.9
870.0
431.2
560.5
124.2
50.2
72.6
4 846.4
Total households
2 666.5
1 981.5
1 554.4
650.8
805.0
198.0
61.4
128.5
8 046.2
PROPORTION (%)
Households that save water in the toilet(d)
41.8
40.2
44.0
33.7
30.4
37.3
18.3
43.5
39.8
Use grey water
1.6
2.8
1.4
1.2
0.8
np
np
*0.8
1.7
Installed water-efficient toilet
4.6
3.5
6.5
4.2
3.5
3.7
*3.1
6.0
4.5
Reduced flush volume
5.0
2.9
3.9
3.6
3.0
3.8
**1.8
6.6
3.9
Use half flush on dual flush toilet
18.3
17.2
17.3
12.5
14.1
18.1
7.7
17.9
16.9
Flush less often/only when needed
16.3
21.3
18.5
13.5
10.6
14.8
*5.4
14.7
17.0
Check and fix leaks in cistern
1.8
3.0
2.5
1.0
2.5
8.2
np
np
2.4
Other
0.6
0.8
0.6
*0.4
*0.4
np
-
np
0.6
No water saving activities reported/don't know
58.2
59.8
56.0
66.3
69.6
62.7
81.7
56.5
60.2
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
** estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) Excludes households that do not have a flushing toilet at the dwelling.
(b) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months.
(c) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas only.
(d) Sub-totals do not equal the sum of items in each column as more than one step can be taken and reported.

4.10 Households that took steps to save water in the bathroom(a)(b) - 2007
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(c)
ACT
Aust.
NUMBER ('000)
Households that saved water in the bathroom(d)
1 687.4
1 498.7
1 126.9
388.1
414.2
128.3
21.2
90.2
5 354.9
Collect grey water
309.1
771.3
222.1
111.9
53.3
14.1
*1.1
37.9
1 520.8
Installed water saving device
356.1
125.4
200.4
45.5
58.5
13.4
*2.3
17.2
818.8
Take shorter showers/shower less often
930.0
839.3
672.2
206.3
201.5
66.2
11.2
48.3
2 974.9
Share a bath or shower(e)
128.5
91.7
109.0
23.4
54.0
12.6
4.2
5.2
428.6
Have showers instead of baths
273.7
229.1
135.5
46.8
92.8
39.6
5.0
15.4
838.0
Use less water in sink or bathtub
113.1
127.8
67.7
23.0
26.3
15.2
np
np
382.4
Turn off tap while cleaning teeth/shaving
624.2
404.7
524.9
71.6
178.7
71.9
11.8
35.0
1 922.7
Use a plug in sink/tub/basin
123.1
150.5
95.8
16.2
37.7
34.0
*4.4
7.8
469.5
Check and fix leaks/dripping taps
125.4
105.2
89.0
13.8
50.0
32.6
5.7
16.5
438.3
Other
22.3
23.9
18.0
5.6
*5.4
*2.1
np
np
78.8
No water saving activities reported/don't know
982.4
483.2
429.7
262.7
391.3
70.6
40.0
38.4
2 698.4
Total households
2 669.7
1 981.9
1 556.6
650.9
805.5
198.9
61.2
128.7
8 053.3
PROPORTION (%)
Households that saved water in the bathroom(d)
63.2
75.6
72.4
59.6
51.4
64.5
34.6
70.1
66.5
Collect grey water
11.6
38.9
14.3
17.2
6.6
7.1
*1.9
29.4
18.9
Installed water saving device
13.3
6.3
12.9
7.0
7.3
6.7
*3.7
13.4
10.2
Take shorter showers/shower less often
34.8
42.3
43.2
31.7
25.0
33.3
18.4
37.5
36.9
Share a bath or shower(e)
4.8
4.6
7.0
3.6
6.7
6.4
6.8
4.1
5.3
Have showers instead of baths
10.3
11.6
8.7
7.2
11.5
19.9
8.2
12.0
10.4
Use less water in sink or bathtub
4.2
6.4
4.4
3.5
3.3
7.6
np
np
4.7
Turn off tap while cleaning teeth/shaving
23.4
20.4
33.7
11.0
22.2
36.2
19.3
27.2
23.9
Use a plug in sink/tub/basin
4.6
7.6
6.2
2.5
4.7
17.1
*7.2
6.0
5.8
Check and fix leaks/dripping taps
4.7
5.3
5.7
2.1
6.2
16.4
9.4
12.9
5.4
Other
0.8
1.2
1.2
0.9
*0.7
*1.0
np
np
1.0
No water saving activities reported/don't know
36.8
24.4
27.6
40.4
48.6
35.5
65.4
29.9
33.5
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) Excludes households that do not have any showers or bathtubs at the dwelling.
(b) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months.
(c) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas only.
(d) Sub-totals do not equal the sum of items in each column as more than one step can be taken and reported.
(e) Includes sharing bathwater.

4.11 Households that took steps to save water in the kitchen(a) - 2007
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(b)
ACT
Aust.
NUMBER ('000)
Households that save water in the kitchen(c)
1 220.8
1 152.1
871.3
258.7
327.8
109.8
17.6
68.6
4 026.8
Collect grey water
195.7
511.1
139.5
75.5
49.4
15.3
*1.8
23.9
1 012.1
Installed water efficient dishwasher
55.6
34.6
28.4
11.1
18.8
5.7
*2.4
5.3
161.9
Installed water saving modification
78.2
15.6
66.1
*6.6
10.7
*2.1
**0.7
*2.4
182.5
Only use dishwasher when fully loaded
302.4
229.8
216.7
39.1
68.0
22.6
*4.2
23.6
906.5
Use dishwasher less/wash by hand
224.4
204.0
180.3
33.7
79.2
16.0
*2.7
16.6
756.9
Wait until sink is full before washing dishes
397.9
315.4
275.7
82.0
123.7
46.2
7.2
14.0
1 262.1
Use plug in sink/don't leave tap running
254.4
300.7
147.4
29.6
71.5
46.2
6.4
16.7
872.9
Use less/reuse water in sink
197.7
241.1
161.0
47.3
43.0
19.3
5.4
11.1
725.9
Check and repair leaks in taps/pipes
90.2
84.7
69.1
6.9
41.8
29.1
5.2
14.5
341.5
Other
44.5
44.5
32.1
*4.3
14.5
2.5
**0.6
*1.6
144.8
No water saving activities reported/don't know
1 451.5
832.7
691.7
392.5
477.7
89.3
43.7
60.1
4 039.1
Total households
2 672.3
1 984.8
1 563.0
651.1
805.5
199.1
61.4
128.7
8 065.9
PROPORTION (%)
Households that save water in the kitchen(c)
45.7
58.0
55.7
39.7
40.7
55.2
28.7
53.3
49.9
Collect grey water
7.3
25.8
8.9
11.6
6.1
7.7
*2.9
18.6
12.5
Installed water efficient dishwasher
2.1
1.7
1.8
1.7
2.3
2.8
*3.9
4.1
2.0
Installed water saving modification
2.9
0.8
4.2
*1.0
1.3
*1.1
**1.1
*1.9
2.3
Only use dishwasher when fully loaded
11.3
11.6
13.9
6.0
8.4
11.4
*6.9
18.3
11.2
Use dishwasher less/wash by hand
8.4
10.3
11.5
5.2
9.8
8.1
*4.4
12.9
9.4
Wait until sink is full before washing dishes
14.9
15.9
17.6
12.6
15.4
23.2
11.7
10.9
15.6
Use plug in sink/don't leave tap running
9.5
15.2
9.4
4.5
8.9
23.2
10.4
13.0
10.8
Use less/reuse water in sink
7.4
12.1
10.3
7.3
5.3
9.7
8.8
8.6
9.0
Check and repair leaks in taps/pipes
3.4
4.3
4.4
1.1
5.2
14.6
8.5
11.3
4.2
Other
1.7
2.2
2.1
*0.7
1.8
1.3
**1.0
*1.3
1.8
No water saving activities reported/don't know
54.3
42.0
44.3
60.3
59.3
44.8
71.3
46.7
50.1
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
** estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use
(a) Refers to steps to save water in the last 12 months.
(b) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas only.
(c) Sub-totals do not equal the sum of items in each column as more than one step can be taken and reported.

4.12 Households that save water in the laundry(a)(b), By selected attributes - 2007
Collect/use greywater
Bought water efficient washing machine
Other water saving activities(c)
No water saving activities reported/don't know
%
%
%
%
Dwelling tenure
Owned outright
34.9
10.0
43.5
32.2
Being purchased
30.2
14.0
43.0
34.3
Rented
18.2
9.1
40.5
43.7
Dwelling type
Separate house
32.3
11.3
42.4
34.4
Semi-detached, row/terrace house, townhouse etc.
21.6
7.7
43.0
40.8
Flat, unit or apartment
11.6
11.1
42.5
43.4
Household type
Family household(d)
30.9
12.3
42.6
34.3
Lone person household
24.5
7.0
42.8
39.6
Group household
15.8
9.3
33.9
51.8
Who pays for water
Pays all water costs
31.9
11.2
42.9
34.1
Pays part of water costs
21.4
9.6
41.8
41.6
Landlord/someone else pays
17.6
10.5
40.7
42.8
(a) Figures in each row have been calculated as a proportion of the total households with the attribute described in that row.
(b) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months.
(c) Refer to table 4.8 for break down of other water saving activities.
(d) Includes one family households and multiple family households with or without non-family members present.

4.13 Households that save water in the toilet(a)(b), By selected attributes - 2007
Use grey water
Installed water-efficient toilet
Other water saving activities(c)
No water saving activities reported/don't know
%
%
%
%
Dwelling tenure
Owned outright
2.2
5.5
35.8
58.3
Being purchased
1.4
5.8
37.8
56.5
Rented
1.2
1.8
31.1
66.6
Dwelling type
Separate house
1.8
5.1
35.9
58.8
Semi-detached, row/terrace house, townhouse etc.
1.4
2.6
34.5
62.4
Flat, unit or apartment
1.6
2.5
30.1
66.9
Household type
Family household(d)
1.7
5.1
35.7
59.0
Lone person household
1.9
3.1
33.7
62.5
Group household
*0.8
*1.7
26.1
72.4
Who pays for water
Pays all water costs
1.8
5.4
36.2
58.2
Pays part of water costs
*1.0
2.1
35.1
62.6
Landlord/someone else pays
1.5
1.5
29.8
67.7
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
(a) Figures in each row have been calculated as a proportion of the total households with the attribute described in that row.
(b) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months. Excludes households that do not have a flushing toilet.
(c) Refer to table 4.9 for break down of other water saving activities.
(d) Includes one family households and multiple family households with or without non-family members present.

4.14 Households that save water in the bathroom(a)(b), By selected attributes - 2007
Collect grey water
Installed water saving device
Other water saving activities(c)
No water saving activities reported / don't know
%
%
%
%
Dwelling tenure
Owned outright
21.8
11.2
51.5
32.8
Being purchased
21.8
13.1
55.7
28.6
Rented
11.6
5.7
51.7
39.1
Dwelling type
Separate house
20.7
11.1
53.2
31.9
Semi-detached, row/terrace house, townhouse etc.
16.7
8.9
51.7
36.6
Flat, unit or apartment
10.7
5.9
51.0
39.9
Household type
Family household(d)
19.9
11.3
55.0
31.0
Lone person household
17.3
7.3
47.0
39.2
Group household
9.9
7.1
46.4
45.3
Who pays for water
Pays all water costs
21.4
11.4
53.4
31.4
Pays part of water costs
13.4
8.1
51.7
36.3
Landlord/someone else pays
10.3
5.7
51.2
40.6
(a) Figures in each row have been calculated as a proportion of the total households with the attribute described in that row.
(b) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months. Excludes households that do not have a bathroom.
(c) Refer to table 4.10 for break down of other water saving activities.
(d) Includes one family households and multiple family households with or without non-family members present.

4.15 Households that save water in the kitchen(a)(b), By selected attributes - 2007
Collect grey water
Installed a water efficient dishwasher
Installed water saving modification
Other water saving activities(c)
No water saving activities reported/don't know
%
%
%
%
%
Dwelling tenure
Owned outright
16.3
1.9
2.4
42.7
46.6
Being purchased
12.9
3.6
3.1
42.8
47.4
Rented
6.7
0.5
1.1
37.9
57.2
Dwelling type
Separate house
13.8
2.3
2.5
42.0
48.4
Semi-detached, row/terrace house, townhouse etc.
10.7
*1.0
1.9
38.4
53.7
Flat, unit or apartment
6.9
*0.8
1.1
38.2
56.8
Household type
Family household(d)
13.3
2.6
2.6
42.4
48.2
Lone person household
11.4
0.7
1.2
38.6
53.8
Group household
6.5
**np
*1.8
31.5
63.7
Who pays for water
Pays all water costs
14.6
2.4
2.6
42.2
47.6
Pays part of water costs
7.2
*1.0
2.1
38.1
56.2
Landlord/someone else pays
6.1
*0.7
*1.1
38.1
57.5
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
** estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) Refers to steps taken to save water in the last 12 months.
(b) Figures in each row are calculated as a proportion of the households with the attribute described in that row.
(c) Refer to table 4.11 for break down of other water saving activities.
(d) Includes one family households and multiple family households with or without non-family members present.

4.16 Households with water conservation devices(a) - 2007
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(b)
ACT
Aust.
NUMBER ('000)
Type of shower head
Water-efficient only(c)
1 339.0
876.4
768.4
322.9
334.1
82.4
17.5
58.5
3 799.1
Regular only
1 107.9
944.4
644.1
290.0
397.3
101.9
38.8
57.1
3 581.4
Both water-efficient and regular(c)
211.3
155.1
140.9
36.8
72.6
13.0
np
np
647.3
No showers at dwelling
14.1
*8.9
*9.7
*1.4
*1.6
*1.8
np
np
38.1
Type of toilet
Dual-flush only
1 794.2
1 572.7
1 228.7
518.2
655.2
126.8
48.1
88.9
6 032.8
Regular only
648.8
292.5
256.9
105.8
122.9
55.1
10.2
27.8
1 519.9
Both dual-flush and regular
223.6
116.3
68.8
np
np
16.2
*3.1
np
493.5
No flushing toilets at dwelling
np
np
*2.9
np
np
np
-
np
10.1
No toilets at dwelling
np
np
**5.6
-
np
np
-
-
*9.7
Total households
2 672.3
1 984.8
1 563.0
651.1
805.5
199.1
61.4
128.7
8 065.9
PROPORTION (%)
Type of shower head
Water-efficient only(c)
50.1
44.2
49.2
49.6
41.5
41.4
28.5
45.5
47.1
Regular only
41.5
47.6
41.2
44.5
49.3
51.2
63.2
44.4
44.4
Both water-efficient and regular(c)
7.9
7.8
9.0
5.7
9.0
6.5
np
np
8.0
No showers at dwelling
0.5
*0.4
*0.6
*0.2
*0.2
*0.9
np
np
0.5
Type of toilet
Dual-flush only
67.1
79.2
78.6
79.6
81.3
63.7
78.4
69.1
74.8
Regular only
24.3
14.7
16.4
16.3
15.3
27.7
16.6
21.6
18.8
Both dual-flush and regular
8.4
5.9
4.4
np
np
8.2
*5.0
np
6.1
No flushing toilets at dwelling
np
np
*0.2
np
np
np
-
np
0.1
No toilets at dwelling
np
np
**0.4
-
np
np
-
-
*0.1
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
** estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) Figures in each row are the number/proportion of households that have one or more of the water conservation devices described in that row.
(b) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas only.
(c) Water efficient shower heads are also referred to as reduced flow shower heads.

4.17 Households with water conservation devices, By age of dwelling - 2007
Age of dwelling in years
Less than 1
1 to less than 5
5 to less than 10
10 to less than 20
20 to less than 30
30 or more
Don't know
Total households
NUMBER ('000)
Type of shower head
Water-efficient only(a)
62.0
299.8
356.7
682.3
637.6
1 683.6
77.1
3 799.1
Both water-efficient and regular(a)
np
39.7
68.1
134.6
134.1
259.6
np
647.3
Regular only
18.4
212.5
336.9
566.1
608.8
1 709.5
129.2
3 581.4
No showers at dwelling
np
*4.2
*3.7
*4.7
*4.1
20.4
np
38.1
Type of toilet
Dual-flush only
80.0
541.4
741.1
1 219.0
949.9
2 352.4
148.9
6 032.8
Both dual-flush and regular
**1.5
**2.1
np
38.4
103.8
335.5
np
493.5
Regular only
**1.8
*11.5
16.7
127.0
329.9
973.7
59.3
1 519.9
No flushing toilets at dwelling
-
**1.3
np
**1.8
np
*5.0
-
10.1
No toilets at dwelling
-
-
np
**1.4
np
**6.5
np
*9.7
Total households
83.3
556.2
765.4
1 387.6
1 384.7
3 673.1
215.6
8 065.9
PROPORTION (%)
Type of shower head
Water-efficient only(a)
74.4
53.9
46.6
49.2
46.0
45.8
35.7
47.1
Both water-efficient and regular(a)
np
7.1
8.9
9.7
9.7
7.1
np
8.0
Regular only
22.1
38.2
44.0
40.8
44.0
46.5
59.9
44.4
No showers at dwelling
np
*0.7
*0.5
*0.3
*0.3
0.6
np
0.5
Type of toilet
Dual-flush only
96.0
97.3
96.8
87.8
68.6
64.0
69.1
74.8
Both dual-flush and regular
**1.8
**0.4
np
2.8
7.5
9.1
np
6.1
Regular only
**2.2
*2.1
2.2
9.2
23.8
26.5
27.5
18.8
No flushing toilets at dwelling
-
**0.2
np
**0.1
np
*0.1
-
0.1
No toilets at dwelling
-
-
np
**0.1
np
**0.2
np
*0.1
* estimate has a relative standard error of 25% to 50% and should be used with caution
** estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) Water efficient shower heads are also referred to as reduced flow shower heads.

4.18 Households with water conservation devices(a)
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(b)
ACT
Aust.
MARCH 2007
Number ('000)
Water-efficient shower head(c)
1 550.3
1 031.5
909.2
359.7
406.7
95.4
22.2
71.4
4 446.4
Dual flush toilet
2 017.7
1 689.0
1 297.5
544.9
682.1
143.0
51.2
100.8
6 526.3
Total households(d)
2 672.3
1 984.8
1 563.0
651.1
805.5
199.1
61.4
128.7
8 065.9
Proportion (%)(e)
Water-efficient shower head(c)
58.0
52.0
58.2
55.2
50.5
47.9
36.1
55.5
55.1
Dual flush toilet
75.5
85.1
83.0
83.7
84.7
71.8
83.4
78.3
80.9
MARCH 2004
Proportion (%)(e)
Water-efficient shower head(c)
43.0
41.6
43.9
49.1
47.5
40.9
20.8
41.5
43.5
Dual flush toilet
67.9
77.8
74.7
75.9
80.5
64.5
79.4
70.8
73.6
MARCH 2001
Proportion (%)(e)
Water-efficient shower head(c)
33.7
31.7
36.9
36.7
40.1
36.4
29.3
32.7
34.7
Dual flush toilet
55.5
71.2
62.1
71.8
71.3
58.1
69.2
57.6
63.8
MARCH 1998
Proportion (%)(e)
Water-efficient shower head(c)
30.0
31.7
34.1
33.5
37.7
32.3
28.0
32.6
32.3
Dual flush toilet
46.2
64.2
53.1
63.2
63.1
48.1
63.0
48.1
55.2
JUNE 1994
Proportion (%)(e)
Water-efficient shower head(c)
19.5
21.2
22.5
26.1
26.1
20.6
14.6
28.6
21.8
Dual flush toilet
30.5
50.8
31.5
48.2
46.6
31.0
41.6
33.2
39.0
(a) Figures in each row are the number/proportion of households that have one or more of the water conservation devices described in that row.
(b) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas.
(c) Also referred to as 'reduced flow shower heads'.
(d) Totals do not equal the sum of items in the column as both items may be used in the same dwelling.
(e) The sum of proportions in each column may be greater than 100% as both items in the column may be used in the same dwelling.

4.19 Total number of water conservation devices installed(a) - 2007
NSW
Vic.
Qld
SA
WA
Tas.
NT(b)
ACT
Aust.
NUMBER ('000)
Number of low flow showerheads(c)
2 204.4
1 484.3
1 354.3
464.5
585.2
121.4
31.6
106.5
6 352.2
Number of dual flush toilets(c)
3 502.0
2 755.8
2 211.1
789.2
1 114.3
207.9
81.5
167.2
10 829.1
Total households
2 672.3
1 984.8
1 563.0
651.1
805.5
199.1
61.4
128.7
8 065.9
(a) Figures are the total number of devices present in household dwellings, not the number of households which have the specified device at their dwelling.
(b) Northern Territory data refers to mainly urban areas only.
(c) The number of total households may be less than the sum of items in each column as both types of device can be present in a dwelling and more than one of the same device can be present in a dwelling.



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