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International Trade: Supplementary Information, Financial Year

Latest release

International Trade in Goods and Services data on a financial year basis by country and state

Reference period

2023-24 financial year

Released

17/12/2024

Next release Unknown

Key statistics

Australia's balance on goods and services was a surplus at $54.8b in 2023-24.
Total goods and services exports (credits) fell $28.6b (4.2%) to $659.4b.
Total goods and services imports (debits) rose $28.8b (5.0%) to $604.6b.

Trade in Goods data included in the Key statistics section is on a Balance of Payments basis (original, current prices). Trade in Goods data in the Total merchandise and services trade by country section and the Data downloads is on a merchandise trade basis (original, current prices). For information about the differences in compilation, refer to International Merchandise Trade, Australia: Concepts, Sources and Methods.

Key revisions

The ABS has incorporated a new method for estimating selected digital services imports (debits) and exports (credits), and changed data sources for travel services imports (debits). The International Trade in Services series has been revised back to 2009-10, and the travel services imports series back to 2022-23. For further information refer to the Changes and revisions in this issue and the article Introduction of digital services in the Balance of Payments.

Total merchandise and services trade by country

Total exports

In 2023-24, Australia’s top 5 exporting countries were:

China which rose $9.1b (4.4%) to $212.7b
Japan which fell $34.2b (29.8%) to $80.5b
South Korea which fell $7.4b (14.9%) to $42.3b
United States of America which rose $2.4b (7.0%) to $37.5b
India which rose $1.8b (5.7%) to $34.2b

These five countries made up 61.8% of Australia’s exports.

Total imports

In 2023-24, Australia’s top 5 importing countries were:

China which fell $1.0b (0.8%) to $112.8b
United States of America which rose $10.0b (12.8%) to $88.2b
Japan which rose $3.9b (13.3%) to $32.9b
South Korea which rose $0.1b (0.5%) to $28.4b
Singapore which fell $1.0b (4.8%) to $24.7b

These five countries made up 49.0% of Australia’s imports.

Trade in services

In 2023-24:

The balance on services was a deficit of $37.4b.
Services exports (credits) rose $26.8b (27.6%) to $124.0b.
Services imports (debits) rose $24.6b (18.0%) to $161.4b.

Balance on trade in services
	Balance ($b)
2004-05	-1
2005-06	-1
2006-07	-1
2007-08	-4
2008-09	-3
2009-10	-3
2010-11	-8
2011-12	-12
2012-13	-18
2013-14	-15
2014-15	-11
2015-16	-13
2016-17	-8
2017-18	-12
2018-19	-12
2019-20	-4
2020-21	5
2021-22	-22
2022-23	-40
2023-24	-37

Balance on trade in services

["","Balance"]

[["2004-05","2005-06","2006-07","2007-08","2008-09","2009-10","2010-11","2011-12","2012-13","2013-14","2014-15","2015-16","2016-17","2017-18","2018-19","2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[-1.3],[-1],[-0.59999999999999998],[-4.0999999999999996],[-3.2000000000000002],[-3.2000000000000002],[-7.5],[-11.699999999999999],[-17.800000000000001],[-15],[-11.4],[-12.5],[-8.0999999999999996],[-11.699999999999999],[-11.800000000000001],[-3.7999999999999998],[5],[-22.199999999999999],[-39.600000000000001],[-37.399999999999999]]]

[]

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Exports of services

In 2023-24:

Total exports of services rose $26,848m (27.6%) to $124,031m, driven by Travel services.
Education-related travel rose $14,690m (40.4%).
Other personal travel rose $7,320m (51.0%).
Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e. rose $1,673m (23.6%).

Services exports
	Transport ($m)	Travel ($m)	Other services ($m)
2019-20	6,885	55,665	30,531
2020-21	3,739	28,109	32,235
2021-22	4,112	22,991	35,537
2022-23	6,743	53,496	36,944
2023-24	7,613	76,771	39,647

Services exports

["","Transport","Travel","Other services"]

[["2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[6885],[3739],[4112],[6743],[7613]],[[55665],[28109],[22991],[53496],[76771]],[[30531],[32235],[35537],[36944],[39647]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"$m","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"($m)","table_units":"($m)","axis_min":"0","axis_max":"140000","tick_interval":"20000","precision":"0","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Services exports by state

In 2023-24:

All states recorded a rise in services exports driven by Education and Other personal travel.
New South Wales and Victoria represent 45.0% and 25.5% of all services exports, respectively.

Services exports by state
	New South Wales ($m)	Victoria ($m)	Queensland ($m)	South Australia ($m)	Western Australia ($m)	Tasmania ($m)	Northern Territory ($m)	Australian Capital Territory ($m)
2018-19	41,773	26,386	14,521	3,620	6,732	1,164	758	2,003
2019-20	40,594	25,452	12,379	3,790	7,190	1,079	695	1,902
2020-21	31,000	17,227	6,737	2,626	4,151	627	365	1,350
2021-22	31,806	15,586	6,426	2,452	4,117	525	383	1,345
2022-23	45,821	23,693	12,437	3,870	7,663	760	788	2,151
2023-24	55,753	31,658	16,388	5,403	9,927	1,159	1,130	2,612

Services exports by state

["","New South Wales","Victoria","Queensland","South Australia","Western Australia","Tasmania","Northern Territory","Australian Capital Territory"]

[["2018-19","2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[41773],[40594],[31000],[31806],[45821],[55753]],[[26386],[25452],[17227],[15586],[23693],[31658]],[[14521],[12379],[6737],[6426],[12437],[16388]],[[3620],[3790],[2626],[2452],[3870],[5403]],[[6732],[7190],[4151],[4117],[7663],[9927]],[[1164],[1079],[627],[525],[760],[1159]],[[758],[695],[365],[383],[788],[1130]],[[2003],[1902],[1350],[1345],[2151],[2612]]]

[]

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[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"$m","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"($m)","table_units":"($m)","axis_min":"0","axis_max":"140000","tick_interval":"20000","precision":"0","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Services exports by country

In 2023-24:

China was Australia’s largest services export partner, replacing the United States of America.
Total exports to China and United States of America rose by $4,716m (42.3%) and $2,054m (15.1%), respectively.
Vietnam and the Philippines rounded up the top ten countries, replacing Hong Kong and Indonesia.

Services exports by country (a)
Country (b)	2023-24 ($m)	2023-24 (% contribution)	Change from 2022-23 ($m)
China	15,864	12.8	4,716
United States of America	15,629	12.6	2,054
Asia, nes	13,419	10.8	4,630
India	10,428	8.4	2,900
United Kingdom	8,105	6.5	809
New Zealand	6,673	5.4	703
Singapore	4,647	3.7	-189
Vietnam	3,319	2.7	1,397
Philippines	3,220	2.6	1,603
America, nes	3,136	2.5	603
All other countries	39,591	31.9	7,622
Total	124,031	100.0	26,848

nes - not elsewhere specified

For sign conventions, refer to the Methodology.
Refer to the Methodology for an explanation of partner countries and groups.

Where figures have been rounded, discrepancies may occur between sums of the component items and totals.

Imports of services

In 2023-24:

Total imports of services rose $24,614m (18.0%) to $161,404m.
Travel services rose $22,107m (46.5%), driven by Other personal related travel services.
Other services rose $7,489m (13.0%), driven by a rise in Professional and management consulting services.
Transport services fell $4,982m (15.7%) in line with falls in the cost of Freight services.

Services imports
	Transport ($m)	Travel ($m)	Other services ($m)
2019-20	16,483	37,370	43,043
2020-21	13,877	1,082	44,156
2021-22	26,277	8,293	50,273
2022-23	31,688	47,565	57,537
2023-24	26,706	69,672	65,026

Services imports

["","Transport","Travel","Other services"]

[["2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[16483],[13877],[26277],[31688],[26706]],[[37370],[1082],[8293],[47565],[69672]],[[43043],[44156],[50273],[57537],[65026]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

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Services imports by state

In 2023-24:

All states recorded a rise in services imports.
New South Wales and Victoria represent 41.9% and 24.6% of all services imports, respectively.

Services imports by state
	New South Wales ($m)	Victoria ($m)	Queensland ($m)	South Australia ($m)	Western Australia ($m)	Tasmania ($m)	Northern Territory ($m)	Australian Capital Territory ($m)
2018-19	44,818	27,197	16,325	4,225	11,880	834	699	2,818
2019-20	41,476	23,495	13,800	3,822	10,256	704	581	2,762
2020-21	29,079	13,059	6,890	2,399	5,059	369	210	2,050
2021-22	39,708	20,715	10,605	3,047	7,543	537	354	2,334
2022-23	60,083	33,707	19,479	5,174	13,377	1,011	722	3,237
2023-24	67,639	39,702	24,638	6,484	16,869	1,313	902	3,857

Services imports by state

["","New South Wales","Victoria","Queensland","South Australia","Western Australia","Tasmania","Northern Territory","Australian Capital Territory"]

[["2018-19","2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[44818],[41476],[29079],[39708],[60083],[67639]],[[27197],[23495],[13059],[20715],[33707],[39702]],[[16325],[13800],[6890],[10605],[19479],[24638]],[[4225],[3822],[2399],[3047],[5174],[6484]],[[11880],[10256],[5059],[7543],[13377],[16869]],[[834],[704],[369],[537],[1011],[1313]],[[699],[581],[210],[354],[722],[902]],[[2818],[2762],[2050],[2334],[3237],[3857]]]

[]

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[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"$m","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"($m)","table_units":"($m)","axis_min":"0","axis_max":"180000","tick_interval":"20000","precision":"0","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Services imports by country

In 2023-24:

United States of America remained Australia’s largest import partner for services, accounting for 24.3% of total services imports.
Total service imports from the United States of America rose $7,518m (23.7%).
China replaced Europe, nes in the top ten services import countries.

Services imports by country (a)
Country (b)	2023-24 ($m)	2023-24 (% contribution)	Change from 2022-23 (c) ($m)
United States of America	-39,252	24.3	-7,518
United Kingdom	-11,284	7.0	-1,008
New Zealand	-11,156	7.0	-1,849
Indonesia	-10,110	6.3	-3,337
Asia, nes	-8,629	5.3	-1,638
Singapore	-8,425	5.2	123
Japan	-6,553	4.1	-2,170
India	-6,112	3.8	-953
China	-5,180	3.2	-2,212
Germany	-5,097	3.2	831
All other countries	-45,267	30.7	-17,047
Total	-161,404	100.0	-24,614

nes - not elsewhere specified

For sign conventions, refer to the Methodology.
Refer to the Methodology for an explanation of partner countries and groups.
A negative sign indicates a rise in imports while a positive sign indicates a fall in imports.

Where figures have been rounded, discrepancies may occur between sums of the component items and totals.

Travel services exports

In 2023-24:

All travel services export categories rose.
Travel services exports rose $23,275m (43.5%) to $76,771m, representing 61.9% of total services exports.
Education-related travel services accounted for 66.5% of Travel services exports.

Travel services exports by state

In 2023-24:

All states recorded a rise in Travel services exports.
New South Wales rose $9,392m (49.7%).
Victoria rose $6,607m (44.7%).
Queensland rose $2,909m (32.1%).

Travel services exports by state
	New South Wales ($m)	Victoria ($m)	Queensland ($m)	South Australia ($m)	Western Australia ($m)	Tasmania ($m)	Northern Territory ($m)	Australian Capital Territory ($m)
2018-19	22,764	18,869	10,945	2,810	4,506	1,074	551	1,370
2019-20	19,459	17,210	9,327	2,858	4,143	963	481	1,224
2020-21	10,333	8,907	4,098	1,716	1,680	507	177	691
2021-22	8,278	6,993	3,494	1,634	1,390	409	166	628
2022-23	18,893	14,795	9,062	3,268	4,931	661	504	1,383
2023-24	28,285	21,402	11,971	4,633	6,841	986	794	1,860

Travel services exports by state

["","New South Wales","Victoria","Queensland","South Australia","Western Australia","Tasmania","Northern Territory","Australian Capital Territory"]

[["2018-19","2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[22764],[19459],[10333],[8278],[18893],[28285]],[[18869],[17210],[8907],[6993],[14795],[21402]],[[10945],[9327],[4098],[3494],[9062],[11971]],[[2810],[2858],[1716],[1634],[3268],[4633]],[[4506],[4143],[1680],[1390],[4931],[6841]],[[1074],[963],[507],[409],[661],[986]],[[551],[481],[177],[166],[504],[794]],[[1370],[1224],[691],[628],[1383],[1860]]]

[]

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Travel services exports by country

In 2023-24:

China rose $5,257m (56.6%).
India rose $2,886m (41.3%).
Philippines rose $1,558m (103.6%).

Travel services exports by country (a)
Country (b)	2023-24 ($m)	2023-24 (% contribution)	Change from 2022-23 ($m)
China	14,552	19.0	5,256
India	9,878	12.9	2,885
Nepal	4,400	5.7	947
Vietnam	3,136	4.1	1,367
Philippines	3,063	4.0	1,559
All other countries	41,742	55.6	12,533
Total	76,771	100.0	23,275

For sign conventions, refer to the Methodology.
Refer to the Methodology for an explanation of partner countries and groups.

Where figures have been rounded, discrepancies may occur between sums of the component items and totals.

Education-related travel services

In 2023-24:

Education-related travel services rose $14,690m (40.4%) to $51,032m, exceeding the pre-pandemic levels of 2018-19 by 35.9%.
Education-related travel services rose in all states.
China rose $3,471m (39.9%), and was the largest export partner for Education-related travel services accounting for 23.8% of the total.
India and the Philippines also rose $2,956m (49.8%) and $1,080m (92.5%), respectively.

Other personal travel services

In 2023-24:

Other personal related travel services rose $7,320m (51.0%), exceeding pre-pandemic levels for the first time.
Other personal related travel services rose in all states.
New Zealand rose $365m (19.6%), and was Australia’s largest export partner of Other personal travel services accounting for 10.3% of the total.
China rose $1,523m (355.0%), and remained 54.1% below pre-pandemic levels of 2018-19.

Travel services imports

In 2023-24:

Travel services imports rose $22,107m (46.5%) to $69,672m.
Travel services imports accounted for 43.2% of total services imports.

Travel services imports by state

In 2023-24:

Imports of Travel services rose for all states.
New South Wales rose $7,027m (43.5%).
Victoria rose $6,016m (45.0%).

Travel imports by state
	New South Wales ($m)	Victoria ($m)	Queensland ($m)	South Australia ($m)	Western Australia ($m)	Tasmania ($m)	Northern Territory ($m)	Australian Capital Territory ($m)
2018-19	16,977	13,906	9,154	2,254	6,314	524	418	937
2019-20	12,414	10,138	6,972	1,695	4,761	378	323	689
2020-21	574	197	175	28	78	8	6	17
2021-22	3,213	2,504	1,290	271	724	62	50	178
2022-23	16,159	13,361	8,382	2,027	5,938	447	329	924
2023-24	23,186	19,377	12,764	3,107	8,848	695	435	1,260

Travel imports by state

["","New South Wales","Victoria","Queensland","South Australia","Western Australia","Tasmania","Northern Territory","Australian Capital Territory"]

[["2018-19","2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[16977],[12414],[574],[3213],[16159],[23186]],[[13906],[10138],[197],[2504],[13361],[19377]],[[9154],[6972],[175],[1290],[8382],[12764]],[[2254],[1695],[28],[271],[2027],[3107]],[[6314],[4761],[78],[724],[5938],[8848]],[[524],[378],[8],[62],[447],[695]],[[418],[323],[6],[50],[329],[435]],[[937],[689],[17],[178],[924],[1260]]]

[]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"","table_units":"","axis_min":null,"axis_max":null,"tick_interval":null,"precision":"-1","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

[{"value":"0","axis_id":"0","axis_title":"$m","axis_units":"","tooltip_units":"($m)","table_units":"($m)","axis_min":"0","axis_max":"80000","tick_interval":"10000","precision":"0","data_unit_prefix":"","data_unit_suffix":"","reverse_axis":false}]

Travel services imports by country

In 2023-24:

Indonesia was the largest import partner of Travel services accounting for 14.1% of total travel imports, followed by New Zealand with 11.8%.
Countries with the largest increases in imports of Travel services were Indonesia, Japan and China, which rose $3,270m (49.8%), $2,517m (130.5%) and $2,358m (267.0%), respectively.

Travel services imports by country (a)
Country (b)	2023-24 ($m)	2023-24 (% contribution)	Change from 2022-23 (c) ($m)
Indonesia	-9,833	14.1	-3,270
New Zealand	-8,231	11.8	-1,744
United States of America	-4,516	6.5	-1,192
Japan	-4,446	6.4	-2,517
United Kingdom	-3,939	5.7	-886
All other countries	-38,707	55.6	-12,498
Total	-69,672	100.0	-22,107

For sign conventions, refer to the Methodology.
Refer to the Methodology for an explanation of partner countries and groups.
A negative sign indicates a rise in imports while a positive sign indicates a fall in imports.

Where figures have been rounded, discrepancies may occur between sums of the component items and totals

Transport services imports

In 2023-24:

Imports of Transport services fell $4,982m (15.7%) to $26,706.
Freight services fell $6,022m (26.4%).
Passenger services rose $974m (12.1%).

Transport services imports
	Passenger ($m)	Freight ($m)	Other ($m)	Postal and courier services ($m)
2019-20	5,371	10,377	618	117
2020-21	725	12,848	158	146
2021-22	2,842	22,939	317	179
2022-23	8,042	22,830	615	201
2023-24	9,016	16,808	606	276

Transport services imports

["","Passenger","Freight","Other","Postal and courier services"]

[["2019-20","2020-21","2021-22","2022-23","2023-24"],[[5371],[725],[2842],[8042],[9016]],[[10377],[12848],[22939],[22830],[16808]],[[618],[158],[317],[615],[606]],[[117],[146],[179],[201],[276]]]

[]

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Data downloads

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Datacubes

Data files

Table 1. Merchandise exports, by selected countries, by six month aggregates, FOB value
Download xlsx [49.87 KB]
Table 2. Merchandise imports, by selected countries, by six month aggregates, customs value
Download xlsx [39.53 KB]
Table 3. International trade in services, credits, state by financial year, $m
Download xlsx [121.48 KB]
Table 4. International trade in services, debits, state by financial year, $m
Download xlsx [115.08 KB]
Table 5. International trade in services, credits, financial year by country and service, $m
Download xlsx [147.38 KB]
Table 6. International trade in services, debits, financial year by country and service, $m
Download xlsx [159.58 KB]
Table 7. International trade in services, credits, financial year by country and travel service, $m
Download xlsx [1.39 MB]
Table 8. International trade in services, debits, financial year by country and travel service, $m
Download xlsx [255.78 KB]
Table 9. International trade in services, credits, education related travel, by education sector, by type of expenditure by financial year, $m
Download xlsx [30.08 KB]

Changes and revisions in this issue

Reference period

Trade in goods imports (debits) and exports (credits) grand totals, referred to in the Key statistics section, and all trade in services statistics, were compiled on a Balance of Payments basis (original, current prices) and are aligned with the September 2024 issue of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia, released in December 2024.

All merchandise trade country totals, along with grand totals in Tables 1 and 2, are compiled on a merchandise trade basis (original, current prices) and are aligned with the July 2024 monthly issue of International Trade in Goods, released in September 2024. Estimates for trade in goods for January 2024 to June 2024 are preliminary, all other periods represent final data.

Country name changes

All references to 'Gaza Strip and West Bank' have been updated to 'Occupied Palestinian Territories' in the data cubes.

Additional information regarding country names is available in the Standard Australian Classification of Countries (SACC), 2016 publication.

Revisions

This publication includes historical revisions which are also included in the Australian System of National Accounts, 2023-24, released in October 2024, and the September 2024 issue of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia, released in December 2024.

Impacts from improved digital services estimates

This publication includes a newly introduced methodology to measure selected digital services imports and exports. The inclusion of the new digital services estimates has led to revisions to both imports and exports of services from 2009-10 and consequently impacts Australia’s Current Account balance. This is particularly the case from the 2016-17 financial year onwards when the imports (debits) of these digital services increased significantly. For more information refer to the Methodology or the article Introduction of digital services in the Balance of Payments.

Revisions to travel services debits

This publication incorporates revisions to the Travel Services debits series following the reintroduction of the National Visitors Survey (NVS) data to determine the 2022-23 annual benchmark which resulted in revisions to Travel Services debits back to 2022-23. The revised estimates more accurately reflect the value of travel debits as the pattern of Australian residents travelling overseas returns towards pre-pandemic levels.

Previous catalogue number

This release previously used catalogue number 5368.0.55.004.

Acknowledgement

The ABS would like to thank the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) who have provided funding and support for this publication.

Methodology

International Trade: Supplementary Information, Financial Year methodology, 2023-24 financial year

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APA

International Trade: Supplementary Information, Financial Year

APA

Key statistics

Key revisions

Total merchandise and services trade by country

Total exports

Total imports

Trade in services

Exports of services

Services exports by state

Services exports by country

Imports of services

Services imports by state

Services imports by country

Travel services exports

Travel services exports by state

Travel services exports by country

Education-related travel services

Other personal travel services

Travel services imports

Travel services imports by state

Travel services imports by country

Transport services imports

Data downloads

Datacubes

Table 1. Merchandise exports, by selected countries, by six month aggregates, FOB value

Table 2. Merchandise imports, by selected countries, by six month aggregates, customs value

Table 3. International trade in services, credits, state by financial year, $m

Table 4. International trade in services, debits, state by financial year, $m

Table 5. International trade in services, credits, financial year by country and service, $m

Table 6. International trade in services, debits, financial year by country and service, $m

Table 7. International trade in services, credits, financial year by country and travel service, $m

Table 8. International trade in services, debits, financial year by country and travel service, $m

Table 9. International trade in services, credits, education related travel, by education sector, by type of expenditure by financial year, $m

Changes and revisions in this issue

Reference period

Country name changes

Revisions

Impacts from improved digital services estimates

Revisions to travel services debits

Previous catalogue number

Acknowledgement

Methodology

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