1286.0 - Family, Household and Income Unit Variables, 2005  
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 01/06/2005   
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Contents >> Social marital status >> Collection methods

STANDARD QUESTION MODULES

27. The methodology for collecting 'Social marital status' varies according to the type of collection and the level of detail required. In household surveys, broad 'Social marital status' is always derived from information collected on the household form. Where more detailed information is required, a computer-assisted interviewing (CAI) module is activated containing an integrated question set which allows further levels of detail to be ascertained and incorporates data on 'Registered marital status' as well. This integrated method is available for use as either an element of the CAI package or in the paper format presented below. In self-completed surveys such as the Census, data is collected at all levels.

Interviewer-based collections

Deriving 'Social marital status' from 'Relationship in household'

28. Broad 'Social marital status' is derived from 'Relationship in household'. Detailed 'Social marital status' requires the collection of broad 'Registered marital status' as well. Further detail on the type of de facto marriage may be obtained by the asking of additional questions. The collection of complete 'Registered marital status' in stages is also described below; derivation of broad 'Social marital status' is always the first stage.

29. The codes and categories of 'Relationship in household' relevant to 'Social marital status' are:

1Husband, wife or partner
11In a registered marriage
12In a de facto marriage
15Opposite-sex couple
16Same-sex couple
17Male same-sex couple
18Female same-sex couple
2Lone parent
3Child under 15
4Dependent student
5Non-dependent child
6Other related individual
7Non-family member
9Visitor


30. The following points concerning application of the variable should be noted:
  • The scope of the 'Social marital status' variable does not include persons under the age of 15 years. Therefore, persons classified as a 'Child under 15' are out of scope of the 'Social marital status' classification.
  • The operational definition for 'Social marital status' confines marriages within households. Therefore, a marriage is not included if one of the partners is not a usual resident of the household. People who are not usual residents are classified as a 'Visitor' in the 'Relationship in household' classification and are out of scope of the 'Social marital status' classification.
  • A criterion for the 'Husband, wife, or partner in a registered marriage' category in the 'Relationship in household' classification is that marriage partners are of opposite sex. Persons in this category are coded to 'Married' in the broad 'Social marital status' classification and 'Married in a registered marriage' in the detailed 'Social marital status' classification.
  • Persons classified as 'Husband, wife, or partner in a de facto marriage' are coded to 'Married' in the broad 'Social marital status' classification and are coded to 'Married in a de facto marriage' in the detailed 'Social marital status' classification. Specific categories relating to de facto marriages in the 'Relationship in household' classification (codes 15, 16, 17 and 18) can be used to further disaggregate data according to whether couples in de facto marriages are of the same or of opposite sex (see Table 3).

Derivation at the broad level

31. In household-based collections, 'Social marital status' is derived primarily from 'Relationship in household' information. Information on 'Age' and 'Usual residency' are also required, as parties to 'Social marital status' are both required to be aged 15 years or over, and to both be usual residents of the same dwelling. After age and usual residency have been established, a 'Social marital status' of 'married' exists when the relationship between two people usually resident in the same household is reported as: husband, wife, spouse, partner, de facto, common law husband/wife/spouse, lover, boyfriend, girlfriend (opposite sex couples only). Responses of 'Child under 15' and 'Visitor' indicate persons who are out of scope of this variable; all other responses are coded as 'Not married'.

Deriving 'Social marital status' from 'Relationship in household' and 'Registered marital status': standard integrated question set

32. The standard integrated question set and derivation method provides an integrated approach to collecting both 'Social marital status' and 'Registered marital status' data in interviewer based household surveys. The stages explained below represent a printed version of procedures which in the ABS are usually performed using the CAI instrument; the two methods achieve results which are compatible. Broad 'Relationship in household' data are used to identify usual residents of a household who are aged 15 years or older. In particular, the data are used to identify persons in a couple relationship with another member of the household. A series of marital status questions is then used to distinguish between registered and de facto marriages and to identify the 'Registered marital status' of persons in scope.

33. The integrated question set and derivation method is as follows:

Stage 1 - Deriving broad 'Social marital status'

34. The broad 'Social marital status' of each household member is derived according to the method described above in 'Derivation at the broad level'

Stage 2 - Deriving detailed 'Social marital status'

35. In order to derive detailed 'Social marital status', the collection of part of 'Registered marital status' is also necessary. A 'Social marital status' of 'Married in a registered marriage' exists when the relationship between two persons of opposite sex who usually live in the same household, is reported as: husband, wife, spouse or partner, and the persons' 'Registered marital status' is reported as registered married.

36. A 'Social marital status' of 'Married in a de facto marriage' exists when the relationship between two persons who usually live in the same household is reported as: partner, de facto, common law husband/wife/spouse, fiance, lover, boyfriend, girlfriend (opposite sex couples only), etc.; or when the persons' relationship is reported as husband, wife or spouse and the persons' 'Registered marital status' is reported as a category other than registered married.

37. Responses of 'Child under 15' and 'Visitor' indicate persons who are out of scope of this variable; all other responses are coded as 'Not married'.

38.To ascertain the existence of a registered marriage, Q1 is asked (once per opposite sex couple) to determine if a husband, wife or partner relationship is either a registered marriage or a de facto marriage. Persons in same-sex couples are sequenced to Q2.

Q1. Are ...... and (Partner's name) in a registered marriage?
YesEnd
NoGo to Q2


39. If the answer is 'yes', the detailed 'Social marital status' of each member of the couple is 'Married in a registered marriage' (see Table 1). If the answer is 'no', the detailed 'Social marital status' is 'Married in a de facto marriage' (also Table 1).

Table 1 Detailed 'Social marital status' decision table

Broad 'Social marital status'Sexes of coupleQuestion 1Detailed 'Social marital status'
MarriedOpposite sexYesMarried in a registered marriage
MarriedOpposite sexNoMarried in a de facto marriage
MarriedSame-sex *Married in a de facto marriage
Not Married * *Not married
Not applicable * *Not applicable

NOTE: * Data from this question not required for derivation of detailed 'Social marital status'


Derivation at the detailed level, including type of de facto marriage

40. Derivations at this level are identical to the derivations applied at the detailed level, with same-sex couples being further identified by cross-classification of the couples' reported sex.

Stage 3 - Deriving 'Registered marital status'

41. This stage is necessary for the collection of the ABS Standard Variable 'Registered marital status'. Note that from Q1, if the answer is 'yes', then the 'Registered marital status' of each member of the couple is 'Married'. All persons in scope whose detailed 'Social marital status' is not 'Married in a registered marriage' are asked the following question:

Q2. What is ....'s present marital status?
Never married1End
Widowed2End
Divorced3End
Separated but not divorced4End
Registered married5End
De facto6Go to Q3
Single7Go to Q3
Not married8Go to Q3


42. 'Registered marital status' is coded according to the response category chosen (see Table 2). However, some respondents may give answers different from the first five options listed in Q2. The categories 'de facto', 'single' and 'not married' are included on the interview form or the interviewer's computer screen. However, these categories are not included on any prompt card that is shown to the respondent.

43. If the response 'single', 'not married' or 'de facto' is given rather than one of the standard response categories 1-5 above, the following question is asked:

Q3. Has ...... ever been in a registered marriage?
YesQ4
NoEnd


44. If the response is 'no', then the person's 'Registered marital status' is 'Never married'. If the response is 'yes', the following question is asked:

Q4. Is ...... widowed, divorced or separated?
Widowed1End
Divorced2End
Separated3End


45. 'Registered marital status' is coded accordingly.

Table 2 'Registered marital status' decision table

Detailed 'Social marital status'Question 2Question 3Question 4'Registered marital status'
Married in a registered marriage * * *Married
Married in a de facto marriage; or Not married1, 2, 3, 4, 5 * *Coded to Q2 response
Married in a de facto marriage; or Not married6, 7, 8Yes1, 2, 3Coded to Q4 response
Married in a de facto marriage; or Not married6, 7, 8No *Never married
Not applicable * * *Not applicable

NOTE: * Data from this question not required for derivation of 'Registered marital status'

Question 2:
1 = Never married
2 = Widowed
3 = Divorced
4 = Separated but not divorced
5 = Registered married
6 = De facto
7 = Single
8 = Not married

Question 4:
1 = Widowed
2 = Divorced
3 = Separated


Self-completed collections

46. The data used to form the input to the 'Social marital status' classification are derived from those collected for 'Relationship in household'. The questionnaire module is explained in the 'Relationship in household' standard. The methodology is the same as that described above in 'Derivation at the broad level'. The census also asks the following question on 'Registered marital status', responses to which are used to refine 'Social marital status' in the manner described above in 'Stage 2 - Deriving detailed 'Social marital status''.

Q. What is the person's present marital status?
(Married refers to registered marriages)
Never married
Widowed
Divorced
Separated but not divorced
Married


STANDARD INPUT CATEGORIES

47. The standard input categories are the same as the categories of the classification and also includes the supplementary category, 'Not stated':

'Social marital status'
Married
Married (not further defined)
Married in a registered marriage
Married in a de facto marriage
Married in a de facto marriage, opposite sex couple
Married in a de facto marriage, same-sex couple
Married in a de facto marriage, male same-sex couple
Married in a de facto marriage, female same-sex couple
Not married
Not married
Not stated
Not stated



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