4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 2005

ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 12/07/2005

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Contents >> International comparisons >> Education

Education

DISTRIBUTION OF PERSONS AGED 25-64 YEARS BY LEVEL OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

	Reference year	Below upper secondary education(a)	Upper secondary education and post-secondary non-tertiary education(b)	Tertiary type B education(c)	Tertiary type A and advanced research programs(d)	Total(e)

Country		%	%	%	%	%

Australia	2002	39	30	11	20	100
Canada	2002	18	40	22	21	100
China	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	100
France	2002	35	40	12	12	100
Greece	2002	47	34	6	13	100
Hong Kong (SAR of China)	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	100
Indonesia	1999	77	18	2	3	100
Italy	2002	53	36	(f)	10	100
Japan	2002	16	47	16	20	100
Korea (Republic of)	2002	30	45	8	18	100
Malaysia	1998	65	27	-	8	100
New Zealand	2002	24	47	15	15	100
Papua New Guinea	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	100
Singapore	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	100
Sweden	2002	18	49	15	18	100
United Kingdom	2002	16	56	8	19	100
United States of America	2002	13	49	9	29	100
Viet Nam	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	100

(a) International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) levels 0, 1 and 2. For Australia this includes Preschool, Primary School and lower Secondary School levels as well as the Basic Vocational level (b) International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) levels 3 and 4. For Australia this includes Year 12 completion as well as the Skilled Vocational level (c) International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) level 5B. For Australia this includes Associate Diplomas and Undergraduate Diplomas (d) International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) levels 5A and 6. For Australia this includes Bachelor degree level or higher (e) Component totals when added may not equal 100% due to rounding. (f) Data included in Tertiary Type A and advanced research programs Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2004, Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators, 2004, OECD, Paris.

EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION(a) AND EXPENDITURE

		Enrolment rates by age group (years)
	Reference year(b)	15-19	20-29	30-39	40 and over	Reference year(b)	Total public expenditure as a proportion of GDP(c)	Total public and private expenditure as a proportion of GDP(d)

Country		%	%	%	%		%	%

Australia	2002	82.6	32.9	15.2	6.7	2001	4.5	6.0
Canada	2000	74.2	21.7	4.6	1.2	2001	4.9	6.1
China	2002	12.7	n.a.	-	-	1999	2.0	3.7
France	2002	86.7	19.6	1.8	n.a.	2001	5.6	6.0
Greece	2002	82.6	24.5	0.3	-	2001	3.8	4.1
Hong Kong (SAR of China)	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	. .	n.a.	n.a.
Indonesia	2002	45.6	3.6	-	-	2001	1.3	2.0
Italy	2002	75.8	18.4	2.5	0.1	2001	4.9	5.3
Japan	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	2001	3.5	4.6
Korea (Republic of)	2002	79.9	26.5	1.7	0.4	2001	4.8	8.2
Malaysia	2002	55.4	6.8	0.2	0.1	2001	7.2	n.a.
New Zealand	2002	72.1	25.4	10.9	4.1	2001	5.5	n.a.
Papua New Guinea	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	. .	n.a.	n.a.
Singapore	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	. .	n.a.	n.a.
Sweden	2002	86.2	33.6	14.1	3.5	2001	6.3	6.5
United Kingdom	2002	76.8	26.8	16.2	8.3	2001	4.7	5.5
United States of America	2002	74.8	25.2	4.6	1.3	2001	5.1	7.3
Viet Nam	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	. .	n.a.	n.a.

(a) Participation rates are based on full-time and part-time enrolments (b) 1 January of the reference year is considered a good proxy for the midpoint of the school year except for New Zealand, Australia and Korea where 1 July is used as the midpoint of the reference period (c) Includes both purchases by the government agency itself on educational resources and also appropriations by the government agency to educational institutions which have been given responsibility to purchase educational resources themselves. Also includes public subsidies to households attributable for educational institutions, and direct expenditure on educational institutions from international sources (d) Public expenditure refers to the spending of public authorities at all levels. Private expenditure refers to expenditure funded by private sources i.e. households, private business firms and nonprofit organisations of religious, charitable or business and labour associations Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2004, Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators, 2004, OECD, Paris.

STUDENT PERFORMANCE ON COMBINED READING, MATHEMATICAL AND SCIENTIFIC LITERACY SCALES(a)

		Combined reading literacy		Mathematical literacy		Scientific literacy
		Combined reading literacy		Mathematical literacy		Scientific literacy
	Reference year	Males	Females	Males	Females	Males	Females
Country		Mean score	Mean score	Mean score	Mean score	Mean score	Mean score

Australia	2003	506	545	527	522	525	525
Canada	2003	514	546	541	530	527	516
China	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
France	2003	476	514	515	507	511	511
Greece	2003	453	490	455	436	487	475
Hong Kong (SAR of China)	2003	494	525	552	548	538	541
Indonesia	2003	369	394	362	359	396	394
Italy	2003	455	495	475	457	490	484
Japan	2003	487	509	539	530	550	546
Korea (Republic of)	2003	525	547	552	528	546	527
Malaysia	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
New Zealand	2003	508	535	531	516	529	513
Papua New Guinea	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Singapore	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Sweden	2003	496	533	512	506	509	504
United Kingdom	2000	512	537	534	526	535	531
United States of America	2003	479	511	486	480	494	489
Viet Nam	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.

(a) A scaling method assigns scores so that 500 is the OECD average in each domain. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2004, Knowledge and skills for life: First results from PISA 2003, OECD, Paris.

UNEMPLOYMENT RATIO(a) BY LEVEL OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND GENDER OF 25-64 YEAR OLDS

		Below upper secondary education		Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education		Tertiary non-University education		University education		All levels of education
	Reference year	Males	Females	Males	Females	Males	Females	Males	Females	Males	Females
Country(b)		%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%

Australia	2002	6.8	3.4	3.6	3.3	4.1	3.7	2.6	2.0	4.5	3.1
Canada	2002	8.3	5.3	5.8	5.0	5.4	3.9	4.5	3.9	5.9	4.6
China	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
France	2002	8.1	7.4	4.7	6.7	5.0	3.9	4.8	4.8	5.8	6.4
Greece	2002	4.0	4.8	5.0	8.9	4.6	8.4	3.6	7.0	4.3	6.6
Hong Kong (SAR of China)	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Indonesia	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Italy	2002	5.1	4.8	4.0	6.1	(c)	(c)	3.3	5.9	4.5	5.4
Japan	2002	6.8	2.6	5.1	3.2	4.3	3.1	3.1	2.7	4.8	3.0
Korea (Republic of)	2002	2.5	0.8	2.8	1.1	4.2	1.9	2.6	1.1	2.8	1.1
Malaysia	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
New Zealand	2002	4.7	3.0	2.6	3.0	3.3	2.7	3.0	2.4	3.2	2.9
Papua New Guinea	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Singapore	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
Sweden	2002	4.2	4.1	4.5	3.3	3.3	2.4	3.2	2.1	4.0	3.1
United Kingdom	2002	6.8	3.2	3.7	3.0	2.6	1.5	2.5	1.8	3.8	2.7
United States of America	2002	7.5	5.4	5.3	3.7	3.8	2.5	2.8	2.1	4.7	3.3
Viet Nam	. .	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.

(a) Unemployment ratio is the number of unemployed persons as a percentage of the total number of persons in the population. (b) Care should be taken when comparing these data between countries. In any one year, different countries can be at different stages of the economic cycle which is a major influence on unemployment rates. (c) Data for tertiary non-university are included in University education column. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2004, Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators, 2004, OECD, Paris.