Health
HEALTH STATUS
|
 | | | | Life expectancy at birth |
| | | |
|
| Country | Reference year | Infant mortality rate(a) | Reference year | Males | Females |
| | no. | | years | years |
|
| Australia | 1993 | 6.1 | 1993 | 75.0 | 80.9 |
| Canada | 1994 | 6.2 | 1985-87 | 73.0 | 79.8 |
| China | 1990-95 | 44.5 | 1990-95 | 66.7 | 70.5 |
| France | 1991 | 7.3 | 1991 | 72.9 | 81.1 |
| Greece | 1994 | 8.3 | 1990-91 | 74.6 | 80.0 |
| Hong Kong | 1993 | 4.8 | 1993 | 75.2 | 80.7 |
| Indonesia | 1990-95 | 58.1 | 1990-95 | 61.0 | 64.5 |
| Italy | 1994 | 6.7 | 1989 | 73.5 | 80.0 |
| Japan | 1994 | 4.2 | 1993 | 76.3 | 82.5 |
| Korea (Republic of) | 1990-95 | 10.9 | 1991 | 67.7 | 75.7 |
| Malaysia | 1990-95 | 13 | 1990-95 | 68.7 | 73.0 |
| New Zealand | 1993 | 7.2 | 1990-92 | 72.9 | 78.7 |
| Papua New Guinea | 1990-95 | 68.3 | 1990-95 | 55.2 | 56.7 |
| Singapore | 1994 | 4.3 | 1993 | 74.0 | 78.3 |
| Sweden | 1994 | 3.4 | 1993 | 75.5 | 80.8 |
| UK | 1993 | 6.3 | 1992 | 73.5 | 79.1 |
| USA | 1993 | 8.2 | 1991 | 72.0 | 78.9 |
| Viet Nam | 1990-95 | 42.0 | 1979 | 63.7 | 67.9 |
|
(a) Per 1,000 live births.
Source: United Nations 1994 Demographic Yearbook.
STANDARDISED DEATH RATES(a) FOR SELECTED CAUSES OF DEATH
|
| Country | Reference year | Malignant neoplasms (cancer) | Ischaemic heart disease | Cerebro-
vascular disease (stroke) | Motor vehicle traffic
accidents | Suicide and self-inflicted injury(b) | All
causes |
| | no. | no. | no. | no. | no. | no. |
|
| Australia | 1993 | 124.2 | 97.2 | 36.0 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 433.1 |
| Canada | 1993 | 129.3 | 88.5 | 28.0 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 442.7 |
| China (rural ) | 1994 | 111.9 | 26.5 | 110.2 | 13.8 | 25.8 | 698.7 |
| China (urban) | 1994 | 119.4 | 57.6 | 125.0 | 10.1 | 5.9 | 594.7 |
| France | 1993 | 133.9 | 35.3 | 28.8 | 13.7 | 16.2 | 439.9 |
| Greece | 1994 | 109.1 | 55.4 | 69.5 | 18.4 | 2.6 | 449.0 |
| Hong Kong | 1994 | 125.9 | 40.0 | 39.8 | 4.5 | 10.3 | 392.9 |
| Indonesia | . . | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Italy | 1992 | 134.8 | 55.3 | 49.2 | 14.2 | 5.7 | 459.1 |
| Japan | 1994 | 106.2 | 21.7 | 44.5 | 8.9 | 12.2 | 364.0 |
| Korea (Republic of) | 1992 | 117.4 | 13.5 | 91.1 | 29.7 | 7.6 | 570.6 |
| Malaysia | . . | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| New Zealand | 1993 | 142.2 | 119.7 | 44.0 | 16.8 | 11.7 | 509.9 |
| Papua New Guinea | . . | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Singapore | 1993 | 128.7 | 101.5 | 59.4 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 517.0 |
| Sweden | 1993 | 108.4 | 102.3 | 37.7 | 5.9 | 12.1 | 435.4 |
| UK | 1993 | 141.7 | 126.2 | 45.5 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 517.2 |
| USA | 1992 | 132.2 | 100.3 | 28.0 | 14.6 | 10.2 | 519.6 |
| Viet Nam | . . | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
|
(a) Standardised death rates are the overall death rates per 100,000 population that would have prevailed in a standard population if it had experienced at each age the death rates of the population being studied. The standard population used in this table is the World Health Organisation world standard population. Standardised death rates for Australia presented in the Health chapter of this publication or elsewhere in ABS publications are not comparable due the use of a different standard population and different reference periods.
(b) It is generally acknowledged that suicides are under-reported as a cause of death. The degree of under-reporting varies from country to country, partly for social and cultural reasons, but also because of differences in legal requirements and administrative procedures in arriving at a verdict of suicide.
Source: World Health Organisation World Health Statistics Annual 1995.
HEALTH SERVICES AND EXPENDITURE
|
| Country | Reference year | Health expenditure
as % of GDP | Health expenditure per capita at PPP(a) | Reference year | Doctors per 1,000 population | Reference year | Acute hospital beds per 1 000 population |
| | % | $US '000 | | no. | | no. |
|
| Australia | 1994 | 8.5 | 1.6 | 1991 | 2.2 | 1993 | 4.3 |
| Canada | 1994 | 9.8 | 2.0 | 1994 | 2.2 | 1992 | 3.8 |
| China | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
| France | 1994 | 9.7 | 1.9 | 1994 | 2.8 | 1994 | 4.7 |
| Greece | 1994 | 5.2 | 0.6 | 1994 | 4.0 | 1992 | 3.9 |
| Hong Kong | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
| Indonesia | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
| Italy | 1994 | 8.3 | 1.6 | 1992 | 1.7 | 1992 | 5.5 |
| Japan | 1994 | 6.9 | 1.5 | 1994 | 1.8 | . . | n.a. |
| Korea (Republic of) | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
| Malaysia | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
| New Zealand | 1994 | 7.5 | 1.2 | 1994 | 2.1 | 1991 | 7.2 |
| Papua New Guinea | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
| Singapore | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
| Sweden | 1994 | 7.7 | 1.3 | 1994 | 3.0 | 1994 | 3.2 |
| UK | 1994 | 6.9 | 1.2 | 1993 | 1.5 | 1994 | 2.1 |
| USA | 1994 | 14.3 | 3.5 | 1993 | 2.5 | 1992 | 3.5 |
| Viet Nam | . . | n.a. | n.a. | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. |
|
(a) PPP (purchasing power parities) are the rates of currency conversion which eliminate the differences in price levels between countries.
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD Health Data 96 CD ROM.
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