Definitions and references
Births - Number of live births occurring in that year.
Reference: Births, Australia (cat. no. 3301.0).
Deaths - Number of deaths occurring in that year.
Reference: Deaths, Australia (cat. no. 3302.0).
Humanitarian settler arrivals - comprises: those who arrive under the refugee program (which provides protection for people who have fled their country because of persecution); those who arrive under the humanitarian programs (those who leave their country because of significant discrimination amounting to gross violation of human rights); and those who arrive under the special assistance category (groups determined by the Minister to be of special concern to Australia and in real need but who do not come under the traditional humanitarian categories. It includes those externally displaced people who have close family links with Australia).
Reference: Immigration Update, Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs.
Indigenous population - estimates of the resident Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population. Estimates are experimental in that the standard approach to population estimation is not possible because satisfactory data on births, deaths and migration are not generally available. Further, there is significant intercensal volatility in census counts of the Indigenous population, due in part to changes in the propensity of persons to identify as being of Indigenous origin.
Reference: Experimental Estimates of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population (cat. no. 3230.0).
Median age - the age at which half the population is older and half is younger.
Reference: Population by Age and Sex: Australian States and Territories. (cat. no. 3201.0).
Natural increase - the excess of births over deaths during the year. Rate of natural increase expresses this difference as a proportion (per cent) of the population at the beginning of the year.
Reference: Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no. 3101.0).
Net interstate migration - interstate arrivals minus interstate departures during the year. Net interstate migration rate expresses this as a proportion (per cent) of the population at the beginning of the year.
Reference: Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no. 3101.0).
Net long-term movement - long-term arrivals minus long-term departures during the year. Long-term arrivals comprise overseas visitors who intend to stay in Australia for one year or more (but not permanently) and Australian residents returning from an overseas visit of one year or more. Long-term departures comprise Australian residents who intend to stay abroad for one year or more (but not permanently), and overseas visitors departing who stayed a year or more.
Reference: Migration, Australia (cat. no. 3412.0).
Net overseas migration - permanent and long-term arrivals (including humanitarian settler arrivals) minus permanent and long-term departures during the year. Net overseas migration rate expresses this as a proportion (per cent) of the population at the beginning of the year.
Reference: Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no. 3101.0).
Net permanent movement - permanent arrivals minus permanent departures during the year. Permanent arrivals comprise travellers who hold migrant visas and other persons eligible to settle, and permanent departures comprise Australian residents who intend to settle in another country.
Reference: Migration, Australia (cat. no. 3412.0).
Net reproduction rate - the extent to which the population would reproduce itself. Measured as the number of daughters per woman that a group of newborn girls would bear during their lifetime, if the age-specific birth and death rates recorded in the year of their birth continue.
Reference: Births, Australia (cat. no. 3301.0).
Non-English speaking countries - all overseas countries except United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada and the United States of America.
Reference: Migration, Australia (cat. no. 3412.0).
Population growth - increase in the population during the year, measured as the sum of natural increase and net overseas migration. For dates prior to 1996, differences between growth and the sum of natural increase and net overseas migration arise from retrospective adjustments to population estimates (which are made after each census) to compensate for intercensal discrepancy. Population growth rate expresses the increase as a proportion (per cent) of the population at the beginning of the year.
Reference: Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no. 3101.0).
Population projections - ABS population projections take the base year population for each sex by single years of age and advance it year by year by applying assumptions about future mortality and migration. Assumed age-specific fertility rates are applied to the female populations of child-bearing ages to provide the estimates of new births for each year. The ABS produces several series of population projections based on different combinations of assumptions about mortality, fertility and migration. The assumptions underlying Series A most closely reflect prevailing trends and comprise: declining rates of mortality; a constant level of fertility (total fertility rate of 1.88 for Australia); low levels of overseas migration (rising to 70,000 per year by the year 2000, then remaining constant); and continuing high levels of interstate migration.
Reference: Projections of the Populations of Australia, States and Territories, 1995 to 2051 (cat. no. 3222.0)
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