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Classification Structure - Division 270000 - Biological Sciences
Division 270000 - Biological Sciences, covers the biological or life sciences, other than agricultural sciences or medical and health sciences. This division has nine disciplines:
270200 - Genetics 270300 - Microbiology 270400 - Botany 270500 - Zoology 270600 - Physiology 270700 - Ecology and Evolution 270800 - Biotechnology 279900 - Other Biological Sciences Exclusions: (a) Biological or life sciences associated with agricultural and veterinary sciences, forestry, commercial fishing or other aspects of primary production are included in Division 300000 Agricultural, Veterinary and Environmental Sciences; and (b) biological or life sciences associated with human health and medicine are included in Division 320000 Medical and Health Sciences. Discipline 270100 - Biochemistry and Cell Biology This discipline covers biochemistry or the chemistry of living organisms. It includes cell biology and membrane biology. This discipline has nine subjects:
270102 - Cell Metabolism 270103 - Protein Targeting and Signal Transduction 270104 - Membrane Biology 270105 - Cellular Interactions (incl. Adhesion, Matrix, Cell Wall) 270106 - Cell Development (incl. Cell Division and Apoptosis) 270107 - Cell Neurochemistry 270108 - Enzymes 270199 - Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Plant biochemistry is included in Discipline 300200 Crop and Pasture Production; and (b) biochemistry associated with medical science is included in Discipline 320300 Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry. Discipline 270200 - Genetics This discipline covers genetics and heredity. This discipline has eleven subjects:
270202 - Genome Structure 270203 - Population and Ecological Genetics 270204 - Anthropological Genetics 270205 - Genetic Development (incl. Sex Determination) 270206 - Genetic Immunology 270207 - Quantitative Genetics 270208 - Molecular Evolution 270209 - Meiosis and Recombination 270210 - Neurogenetics 270299 - Genetics not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Biotechnology (incl. genetic engineering) is included in Discipline 270800 Biotechnology; (b) plant genetics is included in Disciplines 300200 Crop and Pasture Production and 300300 Horticulture; (c) animal genetics associated with animal breeding is included in Discipline 300400 Animal Production; and (d) genetics associated with medical science is included in Discipline 321000 Clinical Sciences. Discipline 270300 - Microbiology This discipline covers microbiology or the study of microscopic organisms including bacteriology, parasitology and virology. This discipline has nine subjects:
270302 - Archaebacteriology 270303 - Virology 270304 - Infectious Agents 270305 - Mycology 270306 - Microbial Genetics 270307 - Microbial Ecology 270308 - Microbial Systematics, Taxonomy and Phylogeny 270399 - Microbiology not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Veterinary microbiology is included in Discipline 300500 Veterinary Sciences; and (b) medical microbiology is included in Discipline 320400 Medical Microbiology. Discipline 270400 - Botany This discipline covers botany and related plant sciences. It includes:
This discipline has five subjects:
270402 - Plant Physiology 270403 - Plant Pathology 270404 - Phycology 270499 - Botany not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Palaeobotany and palynology (other than palynology associated with ecological studies) are included in Discipline 260100 Geology; (b) plant ecology and palynology associated with ecological studies are included in Discipline 270700 Ecology and Evolution; and (c) plant science or plant pathology associated with agriculture, forestry or primary production is included in the appropriate disciplines in Division 300000 Agricultural Sciences. Discipline 270500 - Zoology This discipline covers zoology. It includes:
This discipline has five subjects:
270502 - Neurobiology 270503 - Animal Anatomy and Histology 270504 - Invertebrate Biology 270599 - Zoology not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Palaeontology is included in Discipline 260100 Geology; (b) animal physiology is included in Discipline 270600 Physiology; (c) the use of live animals for purposes of primary production is included in Discipline 300400 Animal Production; (d) fisheries and aquaculture for primary production are included in Discipline 300700 Fisheries Sciences; (e) the human immune system is included in Discipline 320200 Immunology; (f) the human nervous system is included in Discipline 320700 Neurosciences; and (g) the use of live animals or material from live animals for medical research is included in Discipline 329900 Other Medical and Health Sciences. Discipline 270600 - Physiology This discipline covers physiology other than medical or plant. This discipline has five subjects:
270602 - Animal Physiology - Cell 270603 - Animal Physiology - Systems 270604 - Comparative Physiology 270699 - Physiology not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Plant physiology is included in Discipline 270400 Botany; (b) physiology related to specific aspects of animal production or veterinary practice is included in the appropriate disciplines in Division 300000 Agricultural, Veterinary and Environmental Sciences; and (c) medical physiology is included in Discipline 320600 Medical Physiology. Discipline 270700 - Ecology and Evolution This discipline covers ecology or ecological systems, whether freshwater, marine or terrestrial, and evolutionary biology. It includes:
This discipline has ten subjects:
270702 - Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology) 270703 - Terrestrial Ecology 270704 - Landscape Ecology 270705 - Palaeoecology 270706 - Life Histories (incl. Population Ecology) 270707 - Sociobiology and Behavioural Ecology 270708 - Conservation and Biodiversity 270709 - Biogeography 270799 - Ecology and Evolution not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Palaeontology is included in Discipline 260100 Geology; and (b) palynology in association with geological studies is also included in Discipline 260100 Geology. Discipline 270800 - Biotechnology This discipline covers biotechnology (incl. genetic engineering). This discipline has six subjects:
270802 - Diagnostic Applications 270803 - Transgenesis 270804 - Genetic Technologies: Transformation, Site-directed Mutagenesis, etc. 270805 - Genetic Engineering and Enzyme Technology 270899 - Biotechnology not elsewhere classified Exclusions: (a) Industrial biotechnology is included in Discipline 290100 Industrial Biotechnology and Food Sciences; and (b) medical biotechnology is included in Discipline 329900 Other Medical and Health Sciences. Discipline 279900 - Other Biological Sciences This discipline covers biological sciences not elsewhere classified. This discipline has two subjects:
279999 - Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Exclusions: Phycology (incl. marine grasses) is included in Discipline 270400 Botany.
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