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Work
LABOUR FORCE
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 | | | Participation rate of persons aged 15 and over(a) |
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| | Economically active population(a) | Total | Men | Women(b) |
| Country | Reference year | '000 | % | % | % |
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| Australia | 1997 | 9,220.4 | 63.3 | 73.2 | 53.7 |
| Canada | 1997 | 15,354.1 | 64.8 | 72.5 | 57.4 |
| China(c) | 1990 | 647,244.7 | 79.2 | 85.0 | 73.0 |
| France | 1997 | 26,403.7 | 55.0 | 62.3 | 48.1 |
| Greece | 1997 | 4,292.7 | 49.2 | 63.1 | 36.7 |
| Hong Kong | 1997 | 3,216.0 | 61.8 | 75.7 | 48.0 |
| Indonesia | 1997 | 89,602.8 | 66.3 | 83.4 | 49.9 |
| Italy | 1996 | 22,849.0 | 47.6 | 61.6 | 34.6 |
| Japan | 1997 | 67,870.0 | 63.7 | 77.8 | 50.4 |
| Korea (Republic of) | 1997 | 21,604.0 | 62.2 | 75.6 | 49.5 |
| Malaysia | 1997 | 8,569.2 | 39.6 | 51.1 | 27.5 |
| New Zealand | 1997 | 1,814.4 | 62.5 | 71.2 | 54.3 |
| Papua New Guinea | . . | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Singapore | 1997 | 1,876.0 | 64.2 | 78.3 | 51.1 |
| Sweden | 1997 | 4,264.0 | 76.8 | 79.1 | 74.5 |
| United Kingdom | 1997 | 28,715.9 | 62.6 | 71.7 | 53.9 |
| United States of America | 1997 | 136,297.0 | 67.1 | 75.0 | 59.8 |
| Viet Nam | 1989 | 29,525.5 | 77.2 | 81.5 | 73.6 |
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(a) For most countries data are presented for the economically active population aged 15 and over. However, the age range varies for some countries: Malaysia - 15-64; Sweden - 16-64; UK, USA- 16 and over. Definitions also vary in terms of the inclusion or exclusion of certain other segments of the population such as the armed forces.
(b) Participation rates for women are frequently not comparable internationally since, in many countries, relatively large numbers of women assist on farms or in other family enterprises without pay. There are differences between countries in the criteria used to count economically active workers.
(c) Excludes Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Source: International Labour Office, Year Book of Labour Statistics, 1998.
EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT(a)
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| Country | Reference year | Employment | Reference year | Unemployment | Unemployment rate |
| | '000 | | '000 | % |
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| Australia | 1997 | 8,394.1 | 1997 | 791.1 | 8.6 |
| Canada | 1997 | 13,940.6 | 1997 | 1,413.5 | 9.2 |
| China(b)(c) | 1997 | 696,000.0 | 1997 | 5,768.0 | 3.0 |
| France | 1997 | 22,430.0 | 1997 | 3,192.0 | 12.4 |
| Greece | 1996 | 3,871.9 | 1997 | 440.4 | 10.3 |
| Hong Kong | 1997 | 3,144.7 | 1997 | 71.3 | 2.2 |
| Indonesia | 1997 | 87,050.0 | 1996 | 3,624.8 | 4.0 |
| Italy | 1997 | 20,087.0 | 1997 | 2,805.0 | 12.3 |
| Japan | 1997 | 65,570.0 | 1997 | 2,300.0 | 3.4 |
| Korea (Republic of) | 1997 | 21,048.0 | 1996 | 425.0 | 2.0 |
| Malaysia | 1997 | 8,569.2 | 1997 | 216.4 | 2.5 |
| New Zealand | 1997 | 1,693.3 | 1997 | 120.9 | 6.7 |
| Papua New Guinea | . . | n.a. | . . | n.a. | n.a. |
| Singapore | 1997 | 1,830.5 | 1997 | 45.5 | 2.4 |
| Sweden | 1996 | 3,963.0 | 1996 | 347.0 | 8.0 |
| United Kingdom | 1997 | 26,681.6 | 1997 | 2,034.2 | 7.1 |
| United States of America | 1997 | 129,558.0 | 1997 | 6,739.0 | 4.9 |
| Viet Nam | 1994 | 33,664.0 | . . | n.a. | n.a. |
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(a) For most countries the employed and unemployed populations are aged 15 and over. However, the age range varies for some countries: China and Viet Nam- Not specified; Greece - 14 and over; Indonesia - 10 and over;
Malaysia - 15-64; Sweden - 16-64; UK and USA - 16 and over. Definitions also vary in terms of the inclusion or exclusion of certain other segments of the population such as the armed forces.
(b) Employment relates to total economy; unemployment relates to urban areas only.
(c) Excludes Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Source: International Labour Office, Year Book of Labour Statistics, 1998; International Labour Office, Year Book of Labour
Statistics, 1997.
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