4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 1999
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 24/06/1999
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Definitions and references
Deaths - deaths occurring in that year.
East and Southern Asia - including the countries of North-East, South-East and Southern Asia. Countries are classified according to the Standard Australian Classification of Countries (SACC), 1998 (cat. no. 1269.0).
Europe and the Former USSR - including the United Kingdom and Ireland, the former USSR and the Baltic States.
Family settler arrivals - migrants who have been sponsored by a relative who is an Australian citizen, or permanent resident of Australia, under the family stream of the migration program.
Humanitarian settler arrivals - comprises: those who arrive under the refugee program (which provides protection for people who have fled their country because of persecution); those who arrive under the special humanitarian programs (those suffering persecution within their own country or who have left their country because of significant discrimination amounting to gross violation of human rights); and those who arrive under the special assistance category (groups determined by the Minister to be of special concern to Australia and in real need, but who do not come under the traditional humanitarian categories. It includes those internally and externally displaced people who have close family links with Australia).
Indigenous population - estimates of the resident Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population. Estimates are experimental in that the standard approach to population estimation is not possible because satisfactory data on births, deaths and migration are not generally available. Further, there is significant intercensal volatility in census counts of the Indigenous population, due in part to changes in the propensity of persons to identify as being of Indigenous origin.
Long-term arrivals and departures - long-term arrivals comprise overseas visitors who intend to stay in Australia for one year or more (but not permanently) and Australian residents returning from an overseas visit of one year or more. Long-term departures comprise Australian residents who intend to stay abroad for one year or more (but not permanently), and overseas visitors departing who stayed a year or more.
Median age - the age at which half the population is older and half is younger.
Natural increase - the excess of births over deaths during the year.
Net interstate migration - interstate arrivals minus interstate departures during the year. Net interstate migration rate expresses this as a proportion (per cent) of the population at the beginning of the year.
Net overseas migration - permanent and long-term arrivals minus permanent and long-term departures during the year, plus an adjustment for the net effect of category jumping. This net effect may be either positive or negative.
Permanent arrivals and departures - permanent arrivals comprise travellers who hold migrant visas and other persons eligible to settle, and permanent departures comprise Australian residents who intend to settle in another country.
Population - estimated resident population. Quarterly estimates of the Australian population are obtained by adding to the estimated population at the beginning of each period the components of natural increase (on a usual residence basis) and net overseas migration. For the States and Territories, account is also taken of estimated interstate movements involving a change of usual residence.
Population growth - increase in the population during the year, measured as the sum of natural increase and net overseas migration. For dates prior to 1996, differences between growth and the sum of natural increase and net overseas migration arise from retrospective adjustments to population estimates (which are made after each census) to compensate for intercensal discrepancy. Population growth rate expresses the increase as a proportion (per cent) of the population at the beginning of the year.
Population projections - ABS population projections take the base year population for each sex by single years of age and advance it year by year by applying assumptions about future mortality and migration. Assumed age-specific fertility rates are applied to the female populations of child-bearing ages to provide the estimates of new births for each year. The ABS produces several series of population projections based on different combinations of assumptions about mortality, fertility and migration. The assumptions underlying Series II most closely reflect prevailing trends and comprise: declining rates of mortality; the total fertility rate for Australia falling to 1.75 by 2005-06, and then remaining constant; low levels of overseas migration (annual net gain of 70,000 from 1998-99); and medium levels of interstate migration.
Sex ratio - the ratio of males to females multiplied by 100.
Skilled settler arrivals - the skill stream component of the migration program is designed to contribute to Australia's economic growth. Settlers under this program meet a demand in Australia for their particular occupational skills, outstanding talents or business skills.
Total settler arrivals - comprised largely of those who arrived under the migration and humanitarian programs. These programs include the following categories: the family stream; the skilled stream; special eligibility migrants; refugees; special humanitarian and special assistance migrants. Special eligibility migrants are those within the migration program, not in the family and skill stream, and are generally former Australian citizens, residents, or family of New Zealand citizens. The remaining settler arrivals are those who have arrived under non-program migration. They are New Zealand citizens; children born to Australian citizens overseas; residents of Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Norfolk Island, etc.; and persons granted Australian citizenship overseas.
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