TECHNICAL NOTE DATA QUALITY INDICATORS


DATA QUALITY

1 When interpreting the results of a survey it is important to take into account factors that may affect the reliability of estimates. The survey procedures as well as sampling and non-sampling errors should be considered. Examination of the following quality indicators will assist users in determining fitness for purpose of the Survey of Motor Vehicle Use (SMVU).


SAMPLING ERROR

2 Estimates in this publication are based on information collected for a sample of registered motor vehicles, rather than a full enumeration, and are therefore subject to sampling error. They may differ from the data that would have been produced if the information had been obtained for all registered motor vehicles. Examples of the sampling error for this publication are included in this Technical Note.

3 The sampling error associated with an estimate can be estimated from the sample results. One measure of sampling error is given by the standard error, which indicates the extent to which an estimate might have varied by chance because only a sample of vehicles was included. There are about two chances in three that a sample estimate will differ by less than one standard error from the figure that would have been obtained if all vehicles had been included, and about 19 chances in 20 that the difference will be less than two standard errors.

4 Another measure of sampling variability is the relative standard error (RSE) which is obtained by expressing the standard error as a percentage of the estimate to which it refers. The RSE is a useful measure in that it provides an immediate indication of the percentage error likely to have occurred due to sampling. In this publication, estimates with an RSE between 25% and 50% are annotated with the symbol '*', indicating that the estimate should be used with caution as it is subject to sampling variability too high for most practical purposes. Estimates with an RSE greater than 50% are annotated with the symbol '**' indicating that the sampling variability causes the estimates to be considered too unreliable for general use.

5 The RSEs relating to 2012 estimates contained in Table 4 of this publication are shown in the following table.

RSE OF MOTOR VEHICLE USE(a), State/territory of registration - Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	Motor cycles	Light commercial vehicles	Rigid trucks	Articulated trucks	Non-freight carrying trucks	Buses	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
TOTAL KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
New South Wales	5.6	14.4	7.9	6.0	4.7	22.0	8.5	4.4
Victoria	5.6	15.9	7.6	7.1	4.8	21.4	9.2	4.4
Queensland	8.1	19.3	8.9	7.6	5.2	20.8	7.9	5.8
South Australia	6.0	25.6	8.8	6.6	3.7	21.4	9.3	4.7
Western Australia	8.4	26.0	7.0	9.6	4.7	23.6	6.9	5.9
Tasmania	5.6	17.6	6.7	6.7	6.9	19.4	11.6	4.2
Northern Territory	6.2	18.6	6.8	12.1	11.8	np	np	4.0
Australian Capital Territory	7.1	25.1	11.9	5.7	9.9	np	np	4.6
Australia	3.0	8.2	3.7	3.1	2.2	9.9	3.8	2.3
NUMBER OF VEHICLES
New South Wales	1.6	4.5	2.0	1.8	1.9	19.3	3.9	1.3
Victoria	1.4	2.5	1.6	2.2	2.8	6.4	3.6	1.1
Queensland	1.9	3.6	3.1	1.6	1.8	12.7	3.1	1.4
South Australia	1.9	8.2	2.9	5.3	2.1	11.1	8.2	1.6
Western Australia	1.9	4.0	3.4	2.2	3.3	12.5	3.3	1.5
Tasmania	1.9	2.7	2.7	1.5	3.9	7.3	5.0	1.3
Northern Territory	2.2	5.8	4.3	10.2	3.6	np	np	1.7
Australian Capital Territory	2.3	6.6	5.0	2.0	5.2	np	np	2.0
Australia	0.7	1.7	1.1	1.0	1.2	5.1	1.7	0.5
AVERAGE KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
New South Wales	5.6	13.8	7.7	5.8	4.3	14.9	8.0	4.4
Victoria	5.5	16.1	7.4	6.4	5.1	20.5	8.8	4.3
Queensland	7.8	18.7	8.2	7.5	5.1	17.0	7.5	5.6
South Australia	5.9	24.2	8.9	8.0	3.9	18.2	8.7	4.6
Western Australia	8.0	25.6	6.4	8.5	5.2	20.3	6.4	5.7
Tasmania	5.3	17.3	6.6	6.6	7.0	19.0	11.2	4.0
Northern Territory	5.8	18.0	6.9	7.5	11.2	15.9	10.5	3.9
Australian Capital Territory	6.5	23.9	10.9	5.8	9.3	21.4	np	5.6
Australia	3.0	8.1	3.6	3.0	2.3	8.4	3.7	2.2
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) These RSEs relate to the estimates in Table 4.

6 As an example of the use of an RSE, the 2012 estimate for total kilometres travelled by passenger vehicles registered in Australia is 167,456 million kilometres (Table 4 of the publication). The rounded RSE for this estimate is 3.0%, as shown above. Therefore, the standard error for the estimated total kilometres travelled by passenger vehicles is 5,024 million kilometres (3.0% of 167,456 million kilometres). There are about two chances in three that the figure obtained if all vehicles had been included, would have been in the range 162,432 million kilometres to 172,480 million kilometres (a range of one standard error above and below the survey estimate). There are about 19 chances in 20 that the figure would have been in the range 157,408 million kilometres to 177,504 million kilometres (a range of two standard errors above and below the survey estimate).

7 It is important to note that estimates at more detailed levels than the above are subject to higher RSEs and therefore are less reliable.

8 RSEs for other key estimates are shown in the following tables. RSEs of other estimates can be made available on request.

RSE of fuel consumption(a), Type of fuel - Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	Motor cycles	Light commercial vehicle	Rigid trucks	Articulated trucks	Non-freight carrying trucks	Buses	Total
	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%
TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION
Petrol	3.8	8.0	7.7	33.0	-	31.7	21.0	3.3
Diesel	14.7	-	6.2	3.4	2.3	9.3	4.3	2.8
Other(b)	20.0	-	26.4	46.8	39.3	57.9	13.4	14.6
Total	3.4	8.0	3.9	3.3	2.3	9.2	3.7	2.1
AVERAGE RATE OF FUEL CONSUMPTION
Petrol	1.3	2.0	2.3	9.8	-	12.3	3.4	1.2
Diesel	4.4	-	1.5	1.9	0.8	4.7	2.3	2.3
Other(b)	7.7	-	7.5	35.4	17.2	25.8	9.4	5.5
Total	1.3	2.0	1.5	1.9	0.8	4.6	2.2	0.9
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) These RSEs relate to the estimates in Table 5.
(b) Other fuel type includes LPG, CNG, Dual fuel, hybrid and other.

RSE OF FREIGHT VEHICLES(a), State/territory of operation
	Light commercial vehicles	Rigid trucks	Articulated trucks	Total
	%	%	%	%
TOTAL TONNE-KILOMETRES
New South Wales	19.5	9.7	5.4	4.4
Victoria	14.2	12.3	5.8	5.1
Queensland	20.3	10.6	7.0	5.8
South Australia	15.5	11.7	6.2	5.3
Western Australia	22.4	11.5	6.0	5.2
Tasmania	22.5	11.0	10.3	7.4
Northern Territory	16.1	26.7	16.5	14.4
Australian Capital Territory	24.9	19.9	27.4	14.3
Australia	9.0	5.1	2.9	2.4
(a) These RSEs relate to the estimates in Table 13.

9 Summary tables in this publication contain estimates for earlier years.

10 The standard error for the movement between two years can be approximated using the following formula where is an estimate of total of the variable of interest, obtained from the 1st time point is an estimate of total of the same variable of interest, obtained from the 2nd time point is an estimate of movement of the total of the variable of interest from the 1st time point to the 2nd time point, ie

11 For total kilometres travelled by type of vehicle from the 2007 and 2012 SMVUs, the standard errors of the movements and the estimates from which they are derived are shown in the following table.

SE OF THE MOVEMENT OF TOTAL KILOMETRES TRAVELLED - 2007 and 2012(a)
		LEVEL ESTIMATES				MOVEMENT ESTIMATES
		2007	RSE (2007)	2012	RSE (2012)	Movement	SE (Movement)(b)
		mill.	%	mill.	%	mill.	mill.
Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	157 928	2	167 456	3	9 528	6 161
	Motor cycles	1 905	10	1 882	8	-22	238
	Light commercial vehicles	37 385	3	43 716	4	6 331	1 954
	Rigid trucks	8 644	3	9 258	3	615	380
	Articulated trucks	6 929	2	7 381	2	451	220
	Non-freight trucks	283	12	243	10	-41	41
	Buses	2 097	4	2 516	4	419	131
	Total	215 171	2	232 453	2	17 281	6 426
(a) Data for 2007 are for 12 months ended 31 October. Data for 2012 are for 12 months ended 30 June.
(b) Calculated on unrounded RSE estimates.

12 As indicated in the table above, the estimates of movement are subject to significant sampling error and caution should be used when making inferences about change. For example, the estimate of movement for passenger vehicles is an increase of 9,528 million kilometres and the standard error is 6,161 million kilometres, which means there are 19 chances in 20 that the true movement is between a decrease of 2,794 million kilometres and an increase of 21,850 million kilometres (a range of two standard errors above and below the movement estimate).


NON-SAMPLING ERROR

13 Non-sampling error covers the range of errors that are not caused by sampling and can occur in any statistical collection whether it is based on full enumeration or a sample. For example, non-sampling error can occur because of non-response to the statistical collection, errors or omissions in reporting, definition or classification difficulties, errors in transcribing and processing data and under-coverage of the frame from which the sample was selected. If these errors are systematic (not random) then the survey results will be distorted in one direction and therefore will be unrepresentative of the target population. Systematic errors result in bias.


Response and non-response

14 An important factor that affects non-sampling error is the response rate achieved. The ABS makes all reasonable efforts to maximise response rates. Where appropriate, mail reminders and telephone follow-up are used to attempt to contact non-responding vehicle owners. Responses were received from 84% of all of the selections for 2012.

RESPONSE AND NON-RESPONSE BY CATEGORY
		Percentage of selections 2012
		%
Response received
	Registered vehicle	81
	Unregistered vehicle(a)	3
Non-response
	Untraceable - mailing address unknown	4
	Other(b)	11
Total selections		100
(a) Includes deregistration, out of scope and duplicates.
(b) Includes: responses that were unusable because of unresolved queries or where the vehicle was sold during the reference third and the reported data covered less than 14 days; non-response where no listing could be found to enable contact by telephone; and owner contacted by telephone but response still not secured.

15 After removing those vehicles that had been found to be deregistered or out of scope, the response rate for the 2012 SMVU was 84%.

16 Response rates for each state and territory, and for each vehicle type, are shown in the following tables:

RESPONSE RATES, State/Territory
	Response rate
	%
New South Wales	87
Victoria	84
Queensland	86
South Australia	86
Western Australia	86
Tasmania	86
Northern Territory	77
Australian Capital Territory	81
Australia	84

RESPONSE RATES, Type of vehicle
		Response rate
		%
Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicle	81
	Motor cycles	79
	Light commercial vehicles	82
	Rigid trucks	84
	Articulated trucks	87
	Non-freight carrying trucks	89
	Buses	86
	Total	84

17 Non-response has the potential to cause non-response bias, which occurs if the usage patterns of the non-responding vehicles differ from those of the responding vehicles. For the SMVU, it is assumed that the characteristics of non-responding vehicles are the same as for responding vehicles.


Frame quality

18 The scope of the survey comprises all vehicles that were registered with a motor vehicle authority for road use at some stage during the 12 months ended 30 June 2012 (excluding caravans, trailers, tractors, plant and equipment, defence services vehicles, diplomatic or consular-plated vehicles and vintage or veteran registered vehicles). A population or survey frame of 16.4 million vehicles was identified on 31 January 2011 using information obtained from the state and territory motor vehicle registration authorities, as part of the annual ABS Motor Vehicle Census (MVC) (cat. no. 9309.0). From this frame a stratified sample of 16,000 vehicles was selected for reporting on vehicle use.

19 In 2012, the effects of duplicate vehicle registrations, vehicle de-registrations prior to frame extract, and out-of-scope vehicles on the frame was estimated to be approximately 0.4% of the total frame. This indicates the frame was reliable in terms of providing an accurate number of registered vehicles in Australia.

20 Vehicle classification anomalies arise when respondents indicate an alteration has been made to the vehicle body, resulting in a different vehicle type to that recorded on the frame. These changes can happen during the time-lag between finalising the frame and collection of SMVU data (between 5 and 17 months). Vehicle classification anomalies can also result from data supplied by state and territory vehicle registration authorities. An assessment of vehicle classification anomalies from 2012 data shows that while there was no bias towards specific states or territories, there were marked discrepancies for some vehicle types. For vehicles on the frame that were listed as non-freight carrying trucks, 23.7% were found to be other vehicle types and 13.7% of vehicles listed as buses were found to be other vehicle types. This issue was not significant for other vehicle types on the frame.


Imputation

21 Imputation is the process whereby a value is generated for missing data items, based on the responses for similar vehicles which were operating for the reference period. This is called partial imputation. As for previous surveys, the need for imputation of unanswered items on the returned questionnaires remained quite high.

22 Additional imputation is needed due to questionnaire non-response and is called full imputation. The tables below show the percentage contribution to the estimates from both partial and full imputation.

CONTRIBUTION TO ESTIMATES FROM IMPUTATION(a), State/territory of registration
	Percentage of total kilometres travelled	Percentage of total tonne-kilometres travelled	Percentage of fuel consumption
	%	%	%
New South Wales	17	21	38
Victoria	17	29	42
Queensland	16	24	39
South Australia	15	21	36
Western Australia	16	26	39
Tasmania	18	30	44
Northern Territory	26	23	50
Australian Capital Territory	19	43	37
Australia	17	25	39
(a) Includes both partial and full imputation

CONTRIBUTION TO ESTIMATES FROM IMPUTATION(a), Type of vehicle
	Percentage of total kilometres travelled	Percentage of total tonne-kilometres travelled	Percentage of fuel consumption
	%	%	%
Passenger vehicles	16	. .	41
Motor cycles	16	. .	38
Light commercial vehicles	18	42	44
Rigid trucks	15	28	38
Articulated trucks	14	23	28
Non-freight carrying vehicles	11	. .	37
Buses	10	. .	20
Total	17	25	39
. . not applicable
(a) Includes both partial and full imputation

SURVEY PROCEDURES

23 The survey is comprised of three independent samples, with a different one used for each four month period in the overall 12 month survey period. Estimates from each of these samples are aggregated and adjusted for new motor vehicles and re-registrations of vehicles to produce an annual estimate.


Four month collection period

24 The 2012 SMVU was the first to collect information in three periods. Previous surveys have been collected in quarters. The change may have impacted on the estimates. For example:
1. With a longer reporting period, it is expected fewer vehicles will report nil use for a full period. For more information see Paragraph 29 of the Technical Note.
2. Freight vehicle owners are asked to report the number of weeks the vehicle was used for work purposes. Comparisons with 2010 SMVU data suggest that it is possible that respondents may have reported 12 or 13 weeks if the vehicle was used every week during the survey period, rather than the 17 or 18 weeks. This may be because:

• respondents who have completed previous SMVU continuing to report 12 or 13 weeks from habit, or
• respondents believing/assuming the reporting period covers three months as this is common practise both within the ABS and wider community.

25 Number of weeks used for work is used in the calculation of total tonnes in Table 2 and Table 17. As it is not possible to separate mis-reported and correct responses, no adjustments have been made to the data. The ABS will continue to monitor the impacts of this change in future surveys.


Adjustments

26 The SMVU aims to measure the use of all vehicles registered during the reference year. Because selections are taken from vehicles registered some time before the beginning of each collection period, adjustments are made to account for the change in size of the registered motor vehicle fleet since the population frame was created. For the 2012 SMVU, the frame was created on 31 January 2011. These adjustments involved two categories:

• re-registrations - older vehicles that are returning to the registered vehicle fleet after a period of de-registration, and
• new motor vehicles - vehicles which have not been previously registered.

CONTRIBUTION OF ADJUSTMENTS FOR RE-REGISTRATIONS, Australia - 2005-07, 2010 and 2012(a)
		PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
		SMVU 2005	SMVU 2006	SMVU 2007	SMVU 2010	SMVU 2012
		%	%	%	%	%
Type of Vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	3	1	3	2	1
	Motor cycles	4	7	7	8	7
	Light commercial vehicles	1	3	2	2	2
	Rigid trucks	2	4	2	3	3
	Articulated trucks	4	2	4	4	4
	Non-freight carrying vehicles	1	3	2	6	1
	Buses	-2	-	-2	6	5
	Total	3	2	3	2	1
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Data for 2005-07, 2010 are for 12 months ended 31 October. Data for 2012 are for 12 months ended 30 June.

27 These activities occur continuously and the adjustments are made to account for the registrations that are estimated to have been added to or removed from the registered vehicle fleet between the population frame date and the end of the reference period. The adjustment process also accounts for de-registrations. This means it is possible for the re-registration factor to be negative.

CONTRIBUTION OF NEW VEHICLES REGISTERED AFTER FRAME CREATION - 2005-07, 2010 and 2012(a)
		PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
		2005	2006	2007	2010	2012
Type of vehicle
	Passenger vehicles	11	11	10	9	7
	Motor cycles	16	16	15	11	9
	Light commercial vehicles	14	14	14	10	8
	Rigid trucks	12	12	12	8	6
	Articulated trucks	19	20	17	11	9
	Non-freight carrying trucks	14	14	9	8	13
	Buses	15	15	16	5	5
	Total	12	12	11	9	7
(a) Data for 2005-07, 2010 are for 12 months ended 31 October. Data for 2012 are for 12 months ended 30 June.

Pre-advice methodology

28 The quality of survey responses is improved by employing a pre-advice methodology. This involves vehicle owners receiving early advice about their inclusion in the survey and encourages a higher degree of record keeping. In addition, the reporting of odometer readings taken at the start and end of the survey periods (approximately four months apart) provide reliable estimates of total distance travelled without a recall bias.


Nil use

29 Some providers may report nil use for the 4 month reference period in which they were selected. Nil use vehicles are registered vehicles that report no travel during that specific reference period. Nil use vehicles are included in the survey as their reported nil use is representative of other vehicles in the population. Vehicles may have nil use due to factors such as seasonal usage, mechanical faults or economic conditions. Where a provider gives a nil use response, a follow-up phone call is used to check the veracity of the response.

NIL USE, Vehicle type - 2005-07, 2010 and 2012(a)
	2005	2006	2007	2010	2012
NUMBER OF REGISTERED VEHICLES WITH NIL USE
Passenger vehicles	393 971	409 471	456 884	561 613	479 179
Motor cycles	73 570	100 725	125 547	148 217	182 308
Light commercial vehicles	103 683	115 841	114 241	122 227	71 292
Rigid trucks	32 944	36 263	36 660	34 647	36 549
Articulated trucks	4 105	4 340	3 680	5 165	6 162
Non-freight carrying trucks	1 518	1 448	1 418	2 424	3 157
Buses	1 303	1 343	1 510	2 831	1 809
Total	611 094	669 430	739 940	877 123	780 455
PROPORTION OF REGISTERED VEHICLES WITH NIL USE (%)
Passenger vehicles	4	4	4	5	4
Motor cycles	17	22	25	23	26
Light commercial vehicles	5	6	5	5	3
Rigid trucks	9	9	9	8	8
Articulated trucks	6	6	5	6	7
Non-freight carrying trucks	8	7	7	11	15
Buses	2	2	2	4	2
Total	4	5	5	6	5
(a) Data for 2005-07, 2010 are for 12 months ended 31 October. Data for 2012 are for 12 months ended 30 June.

DISTRIBUTIONS

30 The following tables provide values for total kilometres travelled and total tonne-kilometres travelled for selected percentiles. These percentiles have been calculated from all values reported in each third of the reference period. Percentiles provide some indication of the distribution of vehicle use across the survey population. For example, one-fifth of New South Wales passenger vehicles reported a distance travelled of 1,399 kilometres or less for the third they were selected in the survey. Note that the minimum value for every combination of state/territory by type of vehicle for both tables is zero.

31 Users should contact the ABS if they have any queries on the quality and reliability of estimates for particular purposes.

SELECTED PERCENTILES(a), State/territory of registration - Type of vehicle
		20th Percentile	40th Percentile	50th Percentile	60th Percentile	80th Percentile	95th Percentile	99th Percentile
TOTAL KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
Passenger vehicles
	New South Wales	1 399	2 604	3 226	4 163	6 703	9 507	23 687
	Victoria	1 807	2 798	3 395	4 245	6 344	11 550	17 803
	Queensland	1 372	3 159	3 845	4 872	7 157	11 593	24 362
	South Australia	1 374	2 740	3 515	4 076	6 150	9 693	13 253
	Western Australia	1 359	2 454	3 188	4 362	6 315	10 692	18 740
	Tasmania	1 214	2 138	3 057	3 815	5 715	10 833	13 988
	Northern Territory	1 369	2 608	3 068	3 712	5 547	10 699	20 333
	Australian Capital Territory	1 984	3 409	4 184	4 854	6 038	11 061	18 740
	Australia	1 440	2 777	3 409	4 269	6 651	10 648	18 957
Motorcycles
	New South Wales	61	412	623	889	1 323	3 448	4 494
	Victoria	-	207	333	593	1 587	3 571	3 745
	Queensland	-	52	206	460	1 195	3 072	5 155
	South Australia	42	224	387	469	1 569	5 173	5 775
	Western Australia	-	25	179	448	1 597	5 130	7 475
	Tasmania	-	149	350	603	1 767	4 522	5 544
	Northern Territory	14	498	634	1 021	1 710	3 355	6 366
	Australian Capital Territory	18	232	358	502	1 851	4 805	5 221
	Australia	-	179	356	588	1 424	3 745	6 534
Light commercial vehicles
	New South Wales	2 198	3 641	4 311	5 655	9 322	19 011	26 246
	Victoria	1 519	3 704	4 741	5 839	9 963	13 429	27 510
	Queensland	1 268	2 833	3 593	5 042	7 594	13 548	22 140
	South Australia	1 600	3 222	3 891	4 751	8 715	14 122	20 755
	Western Australia	1 120	3 329	4 613	5 952	9 233	14 289	18 867
	Tasmania	785	2 313	3 037	3 667	6 199	11 659	19 778
	Northern Territory	910	2 782	3 647	5 081	7 272	12 398	20 287
	Australian Capital Territory	3 118	4 491	5 195	6 025	10 251	17 428	43 957
	Australia	1 421	3 310	4 191	5 464	8 676	14 333	25 861
Rigid trucks
	New South Wales	726	2 765	3 986	5 318	11 122	23 579	42 453
	Victoria	396	3 075	4 974	6 871	11 660	20 372	40 743
	Queensland	391	2 591	4 561	6 406	11 089	24 681	47 815
	South Australia	264	2 026	3 418	5 182	10 161	21 610	41 236
	Western Australia	193	1 422	3 024	5 031	10 593	27 450	42 011
	Tasmania	291	1 805	3 213	4 373	8 078	21 788	39 988
	Northern Territory	1 121	2 406	3 537	5 104	7 673	14 562	28 116
	Australian Capital Territory	2 508	4 911	6 218	7 254	11 769	23 356	44 053
	Australia	427	2 591	4 236	5 974	11 089	23 137	42 011
Articulated trucks
	New South Wales	2 907	12 736	16 795	27 443	48 734	72 817	90 350
	Victoria	1 801	12 176	17 664	25 840	52 231	79 116	120 590
	Queensland	5 923	16 556	22 822	35 348	60 780	87 873	100 742
	South Australia	2 548	9 654	14 764	21 673	48 609	80 725	117 489
	Western Australia	867	10 613	15 127	22 667	44 645	79 728	125 803
	Tasmania	2 344	10 699	17 312	25 342	41 669	59 576	135 717
	Northern Territory	382	4 987	10 613	16 074	45 585	71 755	104 388
	Australian Capital Territory	5 838	21 673	30 892	41 450	61 016	69 762	138 345
	Australia	2 531	12 736	18 004	26 974	50 650	79 394	109 570
Non-freight carrying trucks
	New South Wales	965	2 689	3 586	4 064	8 408	12 769	14 291
	Victoria	280	659	1 000	1 453	5 027	22 408	27 852
	Queensland	260	2 043	2 989	4 365	9 732	18 009	22 908
	South Australia	245	677	790	1 046	3 554	10 037	15 073
	Western Australia	-	220	390	716	5 798	15 204	17 490
	Tasmania	87	430	639	990	3 371	14 248	20 119
	Northern Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australian Capital Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australia	136	790	1 444	2 578	6 092	15 204	22 908
Buses
	New South Wales	3 034	6 283	7 671	11 136	17 093	30 850	38 931
	Victoria	2 945	5 824	6 720	8 152	17 644	36 208	54 712
	Queensland	2 349	6 395	8 200	10 190	18 777	38 590	52 261
	South Australia	2 326	4 779	5 618	7 491	16 877	25 783	28 481
	Western Australia	1 682	4 063	6 072	8 038	15 554	26 831	44 870
	Tasmania	1 646	3 659	4 790	6 062	13 029	27 664	48 468
	Northern Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australian Capital Territory	np	np	np	np	np	np	np
	Australia	2 407	5 506	7 094	9 011	17 093	33 221	47 607
Total
	New South Wales	1 354	2 654	3 349	4 269	6 910	11 076	26 017
	Victoria	1 436	2 772	3 409	4 383	6 869	12 071	21 488
	Queensland	1 068	2 841	3 558	4 550	7 274	13 394	26 244
	South Australia	1 301	2 668	3 450	4 076	6 228	10 457	24 134
	Western Australia	786	2 448	3 182	4 441	7 068	11 150	24 120
	Tasmania	974	1 979	2 977	3 725	5 763	11 249	17 419
	Northern Territory	1 161	2 565	3 087	3 859	6 366	12 200	23 026
	Australian Capital Territory	1 855	3 401	4 184	4 875	6 172	13 072	18 740
	Australia	1 265	2 699	3 409	4 362	6 927	11 752	24 362
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated
(a) Based on distance travelled in a four month reference period

SELECTED PERCENTILES(a), State/territory of registration - Type of freight vehicle
		20th Percentile	40th Percentile	50th Percentile	60th Percentile	80th Percentile	95th Percentile	99th Percentile
TOTAL TONNE-KILOMETRES TRAVELLED
Light commercial vehicles
	New South Wales	-	-	-	138	1 045	7 252	23 925
	Victoria	-	-	108	261	1 449	3 821	8 488
	Queensland	-	-	-	61	1 008	4 148	9 255
	South Australia	-	-	159	430	1 534	3 777	6 574
	Western Australia	-	-	-	186	2 137	7 328	12 467
	Tasmania	-	-	-	19	444	3 879	12 026
	Northern Territory	-	-	-	58	750	3 676	7 700
	Australian Capital Territory	-	105	194	339	2 169	8 180	16 676
	Australia	-	-	6	167	1 208	4 756	13 445
Rigid trucks
	New South Wales	340	1 889	3 318	6 139	19 605	130 688	462 082
	Victoria	113	2 935	6 109	10 529	28 840	105 376	339 684
	Queensland	138	2 040	4 344	7 504	24 089	111 196	411 944
	South Australia	198	2 042	5 186	9 981	23 463	95 812	313 900
	Western Australia	32	1 639	3 278	6 392	22 911	89 224	180 270
	Tasmania	-	1 382	3 220	6 513	23 533	106 074	418 153
	Northern Territory	873	1 551	2 720	4 617	18 030	73 136	120 745
	Australian Capital Territory	1 627	4 250	8 877	13 367	31 292	103 594	368 635
	Australia	169	2 029	4 126	7 721	24 891	108 900	388 474
Articulated trucks
	New South Wales	24 019	128 660	195 126	336 035	745 581	1 646 450	2 905 247
	Victoria	15 707	127 356	206 720	354 550	931 292	2 083 384	3 029 664
	Queensland	40 743	196 388	341 730	517 163	1 198 081	2 433 698	3 658 534
	South Australia	26 074	101 379	175 815	277 848	977 988	2 483 171	3 977 642
	Western Australia	5 760	117 143	197 508	315 297	921 528	3 154 292	5 324 610
	Tasmania	11 454	77 435	137 759	313 864	622 800	1 395 036	2 951 847
	Northern Territory	3 327	74 319	169 808	245 788	1 212 807	3 296 376	5 055 667
	Australian Capital Territory	63 695	226 667	317 756	538 561	1 039 358	1 489 110	2 515 980
	Australia	22 094	135 848	222 200	361 988	956 056	2 303 936	3 894 788
- nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
(a) Based on distance travelled in a four month reference period