3105.0.65.001 - Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2001
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 26/04/2001
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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin
Prior to 1959, overseas arrivals and departures were classified as either permanent or temporary. Revised questions for travellers were introduced in 1958 which enabled arrivals and departures previously classified as permanent to be sub-divided (as from 1 January 1959) into two categories, permanent movement and long-term movement. A significant number of travellers (i.e. overseas visitors to Australia on arrival and Australian residents going abroad) state exactly 12 months or one year as their intended period of stay. Many of them stay for less than that period and on their departure from, or return to, Australia are therefore classified as short-term. Accordingly, in an attempt to maintain consistency between arrivals and departures, movements of travellers who report their actual or intended period of stay as being one year exactly are randomly allocated to long-term or short-term in proportion to the number of movements of travellers who report their actual length of stay as up to one month more, or one month less, than one year. Census count The Census of Population and Housing enumerates persons on the basis of where they were located on census night. The Census also compiles information on people according to their place of usual residence. This information is coded to Statistical Local Areas. This means that census counts of people can be produced according to their location on census night as well as their place of usual residence. Children (Divorces collection) Children in the divorce collection are unmarried children of the marriage who were aged under 18 years at the time of application for divorce. Under the Family Law Act 1975 (Cwlth) these may include (in certain cases) adopted and ex-nuptial children and children from a former marriage. Children who are married or aged 18 years or more are not subject to custody and guardianship orders and are excluded. Confinement A pregnancy which results in at least one live birth. Crude birth rate The crude birth rate is the number of live births registered during the calendar year per 1,000 estimated resident population at 30 June of that year. For years prior to 1994, the crude birth rate was based on the mean population for the calendar year. Crude death rate The crude death rate is the number of deaths registered during the calendar year per 1,000 estimated resident population at 30 June. For years prior to 1994, the crude death rate was based on the mean estimated population for the calendar year. Crude divorce rate The crude divorce rate is the number of decrees absolute granted during the calendar year per 1,000 estimated resident population at 30 June. For years prior to 1994, the crude divorce rate was based on the mean estimated population for the calendar year. In the interpretation of this rate, it must be kept in mind that a large and varying proportion of the population used in the denominator is unmarried or is below the minimum age of marriage. Crude marriage rate The crude marriage rate is the number of marriages registered during the calendar year per 1,000 estimated resident population at 30 June. For years prior to 1994, the crude marriage rate was based on the mean estimated population for the calendar year. In the interpretation of this rate, it must be kept in mind that a large and varying proportion of the population used in the denominator is below the minimum age of marriage or is already married. Date of final separation The date of final separation is the date, given on the application for divorce, from which the period of living apart is calculated for the purpose of establishing grounds for divorce. In determining the date of final separation, a single period of resumed cohabitation of less than three months may be ignored, provided the periods of living apart before and after resumed cohabitation amount to a total of 12 months or more. Death For the purposes of the Deaths and Causes of Death collections of the ABS, a death refers to any death which occurs in, or en route to Australia and is registered with a State or Territory Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages. Divorce Decree absolute of dissolution of marriage. Duration of marriage Duration of marriage is the interval measured in completed years between the date of marriage and the date of divorce. Duration of marriage until separation Duration of marriage until separation is the interval measured in completed years between the date of marriage and the date of separation. Estimated resident population (ERP) The concept of estimated resident population (ERP) links people to a place of usual residence within Australia. Usual residence is that place where each person has lived or intends to live for six months or more from the reference date for data collection. Estimated resident population (ERP) is an estimate of the Australian population obtained by adding to the estimated population at the beginning of each period the components of natural increase (on a usual residence basis) and net overseas migration. For the States and Territories, account is also taken of the estimated interstate movements involving a change of usual residence. Estimates of the resident population are based on census counts by place of usual residence, to which are added the estimated net census undercount and Australian residents estimated to have been temporarily overseas at the time of the Census. Overseas visitors in Australia are excluded from this calculation. After each census, estimates for the preceding intercensal period are revised by incorporating an additional adjustment (intercensal discrepancy) to ensure that the total intercensal increase agrees with the difference between the ERPs at the two respective census dates. Indigenous (see also Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin) Persons who identify as being of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin. Infant death An infant death is the death of a live-born child who dies before completing his/her first birthday. Infant mortality rate The number of deaths of children under one year of age in a calendar year per 1,000 live births in the same calendar year. Intercensal discrepancy Intercensal discrepancy is the difference between two estimates of a census year population, the first based on the latest census and the second arrived at by updating the previous census date estimate with intercensal components of population change which take account of information available from the latest census. It is caused by errors in the start and/or finish population estimates and/or in estimates of births, deaths or migration in the intervening period which cannot be attributed to a particular source. Life expectancy Life expectancy refers to the average number of additional years a person of a given age and sex might expect to live if the age-specific death rates of the given period continued throughout his/her lifetime. Life table A life table is a tabular, numerical representation of mortality and survivorship of a cohort of births at each age of life. The conventional life table is based on the assumption that as the cohort passes through life it experiences mortality at each age in accordance with a predetermined pattern of mortality rates which do not change from year to year. The life table thus constitutes a hypothetical model of mortality, and even though it is usually based upon death rates from a real population during a particular period of time, it does not describe the real mortality which characterises a cohort as it ages. There is another kind of life table in which the mortality patterns are derived from the experience of the same cohorts as they pass through different ages. Such tables are called cohort life tables or generation life tables. Because many years must pass to accumulate the information needed to construct a cohort life table, such tables are rare. Due to differences in mortality patterns between men and women at different ages, life tables generally are constructed separately for each sex. The life table is a very useful tool for computing estimates of the mortality component of population change. This is done by the use of specific figures from the entire array which comprises the life table. The information in this array of figures is of several different types, each of which is called a life table function. Long-term arrivals Long-term arrivals comprise:
Prior to 1959, overseas arrivals and departures were classified as either permanent or temporary. Revised questions for travellers were introduced in 1958 which enabled arrivals and departures previously classified as permanent to be sub-divided (as from 1 January 1959) into two categories, permanent movement and long-term movement. Long-term departures Long-term departures comprise:
Prior to 1959, overseas arrivals and departures were classified as either permanent or temporary. Revised questions for travellers were introduced in 1958 which enabled arrivals and departures previously classified as permanent to be sub-divided (as from 1 January 1959) into two categories, permanent movement and long-term movement. Marital status Marital status relates to registered marital status which refers to formally registered marriages or divorces for which the partners hold a certificate. In tables displaying ERP by marital status, four categories of marital status are identified: 'never married', 'married', 'widowed' and 'divorced'. Tables displaying Census marital status data also include the category 'separated'. Marriage Refers to registered marriages only. Under the Australian Marriage Act 1961 (Cwlth), a marriage may be celebrated by a minister of religion registered as an authorised celebrant, by a district registrar or by other persons authorised by the Attorney-General. Notice of the intended marriage must be given to the celebrant at least one calendar month but within six calendar months before the marriage. A celebrant must transmit an official certificate of the marriage for registration in the State or Territory in which the marriage took place. Mean population Mean populations are calculated using the formula: where a is the population at the end of the quarter immediately preceding the 12-month period, and b, c, d and e are the populations at the end of each of the four succeeding quarters. The weights used in the formulation of the mean annual populations have been derived using a mathematical technique which involves the fitting of two quadratic polynomial functions to a series of points. Median value For any distribution the median value (age, duration, interval) is that value which divides the relevant population into two equal parts, half falling below the value, and half exceeding it. Where the value for a particular record has not been stated, that record is excluded from the calculation. Natural increase Excess of births over deaths. Net interstate migration The difference between the number of persons who have changed their place of usual residence by moving into a given State or Territory and the number who have changed their place of usual residence by moving out of that State or Territory. This difference may be either positive or negative. Net overseas migration Net overseas migration is net permanent and long-term overseas migration plus an adjustment for the effect of category jumping. Net permanent and long-term overseas migration The difference between the number of permanent (settler) and long-term overseas arrivals and the number of permanent and long-term overseas departures. Short-term movements are excluded. Net reproduction rate The net reproduction rate represents the average number of daughters that would be born to a group of women if they are subject to the fertility and mortality rates of a given year during their future life. It indicates the extent to which the population would reproduce itself. The net reproduction rate is obtained by multiplying the age-specific birth rates (for female births only) by the proportion of survivors at corresponding ages in a life table and adding the products. Nuptiality Nuptiality relates to the registered marital status of persons and the events such as marriages, divorces and widowhood. Confinements and births are identified as being nuptial where the father registered was married to the mother at the time of birth, or where the husband died during pregnancy. Confinements and children of Indigenous mothers considered to be tribally married are classified as nuptial. Other confinements, and the children resulting from them, are classified as ex-nuptial whether or not both parents were living together at the time of birth. Part of State Part of State is used to refer to the remainder of a State outside the Capital City Statistical Division (SD). See also Balance of State or Territory. Permanent arrivals (settlers) Permanent arrivals (settlers) comprise:
This definition of settlers is used by the Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs (DIMA). Prior to 1985 the definition of settlers used by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) was the stated intention of the traveller only. Numerically the effect of the change in definition is insignificant. The change was made to avoid the confusion caused by minor differences between data on settlers published separately by the ABS and the DIMA. Prior to 1959, overseas arrivals and departures were classified as either permanent or temporary. Revised questions for travellers were introduced in 1958 which enabled arrivals and departures previously classified as permanent to be sub-divided (as from 1 January 1959) into two categories, permanent movement and long-term movement. Permanent departures Permanent departures are Australian residents (including former settlers) who on departure state that they are departing permanently. Prior to 1959, overseas arrivals and departures were classified as either permanent or temporary. Revised questions for travellers were introduced in 1958 which enabled arrivals and departures previously classified as permanent to be sub-divided (as from 1 January 1959) into two categories, permanent movement and long-term movement. Population growth For Australia, population growth is the sum of natural increase and net overseas migration. For States and Territories, population growth also includes net interstate migration. After the Census, intercensal population growth also includes an allowance for intercensal discrepancy. Rate of population growth Population change over a period as a proportion (percentage) of the population at the beginning of the period. Sex ratio The sex ratio relates to the number of males per 100 females. The sex ratio is defined for total population, at birth, at death and among age groups by appropriately selecting the numerator and denominator of the ratio. Short-term arrivals Short-term arrivals comprise:
Short-term departures Short-term departures comprise:
Standardised death rates Standardised death rates enable the comparison of death rates between populations with different age structures by relating them to a standard population. The ABS standard populations relate to years ending in 1 (e.g. 1991). The current standard population is the estimated resident population of Australia at 30 June 1991. The rates are expressed as deaths per 1,000 standard population. The standardised death rate is the overall death rate that would have prevailed in the standard population if it had experienced at each age the death rates of the population under study. State or Territory of address/lived Overseas visitors are asked on arrival in Australia for their State of intended address. On departure from Australia overseas visitors are asked the State where they spent most time. Australian residents are asked on departure for the State in which they live/lived. Residents returning to Australia are asked for their State of intended address. State or Territory of registration State or Territory of registration refers to the State or Territory in which the event was registered. State or Territory of usual residence State or Territory of usual residence refers to the State or Territory of usual residence of:
In the case of overseas movements, State or Territory of usual residence refers to the State or Territory regarded by the traveller as the one in which he/she lives or has lived. State or Territory of intended residence is derived from the intended address given by settlers, and by Australian residents returning after a journey abroad. Particularly in the case of the former, this information does not necessarily relate to the State or Territory in which the traveller will eventually establish a permanent residence. Total fertility rate The sum of age-specific fertility rates, per woman. It represents the number of children a woman would bear during her lifetime if she experienced current age-specific fertility rates at each age of her reproductive life. Usual residence Usual residence within Australia refers to that address at which the person has lived or intends to live for a total of six months or more in a given reference year. Year of occurrence Data presented on year of occurrence basis relate to the date the event occurred. Year of registration Data presented on year of registration basis relate to the date the event was registered. Back to Main Features Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window.
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