|
AUSTRALIA
PREFACE
This document contains data from the 1996 Census of Population and Housing, and describes the characteristics of people in Australia and their housing arrangements. It is a sample of what is available in the publication series Census of Population and Housing: Selected Characteristics for Urban Centres and Localities (Cat. nos 2016.0-7), available for each State and Territory, and nationally.
The data presented in this document relate to where people were counted on census night, and therefore data for each geographical area include visitors to that area but exclude those people who were away on census night. The document uses the Urban Centre/Locality (UC/L) classification which classifies areas according to size of the population. The classification covers only part of Australia.
This document presents only a selection of data from the full range of census variables. For further information about other census or Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) data refer to the Directory of Census Statistics or elsewhere on this site. Concepts and definitions used in this document, including UC/L, are explained in the Explanatory Notes and more detailed information is available in the Census Dictionary, 1996 (Cat. no. 2901.0).
The ABS draws extensively on information provided freely by individuals, businesses, governments and other organisations. Their continued cooperation is very much appreciated: without it, the wide range of statistics published by the ABS would not be available. Information received by the ABS is treated in strict confidence as required by the Census and Statistics Act 1905.
W. McLennan
Australian Statistician
New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory
Victoria
Queensland
South Australia
Western Australia
Tasmania
Northern Territory
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS
POPULATION SIZE |
There were four UCs recording populations above one million in 1996: Sydney (3,276,207), Melbourne (2,865,329), Brisbane (1,291,117) and Perth (1,096,829).
Another six UCs recorded populations above 200,000 - Adelaide (978,100),
Canberra-Queanbeyan (322,723), Gold Coast-Tweed Heads (311,932), Newcastle (270,324), Central Coast (227,657) and Wollongong (219,761) - with a further 50 recording populations above 20,000.
|
POPULATION GROWTH RATES |
The fastest growing UCs (between 1991 and 1996) were generally those with population bases in the low thousands, and many were located either at the fringes of the large UCs or on the coastlines of New South Wales (NSW) and Queensland (Qld).
|
New South Wales |
The highest rates of growth in NSW occurred along the coastal ribbon north of Sydney, in areas such as Suffolk Park in the far north (107.0%) (the fifth fastest growing UC in Australia), Bogangar (74.7%) and Pottsville Beach (53.7%). These areas also recorded high proportions of people aged 65 years and over (11.5%, 15.5% and 20.2% respectively).
Growth around Sydney was relatively more modest and was primarily concentrated in the south, including Thirlmere (52.4%), Appin (31.2%) and Buxton (28.7%).
|
Victoria |
Most of the State's growth was concentrated close to Melbourne, including Carrum Downs (82.6%), Wonga Park (75.9%) and Pakenham (62.7%).
|
Queensland |
Qld featured highly in terms of population growth rates overall, containing seven of the ten fastest growing UCs in Australia. Most of this growth occurred in commuter corridors on the outskirts of the major urban centres: Oxenford (132.1%) (the fastest growing UC in Australia) and Helensvale (128.3%) (both located near the Gold Coast); Morayfield (109.9%), Yaroomba (90.4%) and Mudjimba (85.8%) (near the Sunshine Coast); Highfields (94.0%) (near Toowoomba) and Karalee (83.8%) (west of Brisbane).
|
South Australia |
Growth in South Australia (SA) was largely concentrated in commuter corridors around Adelaide: Nairne (82.0%) (to the east); and McLaren Vale (57.5%), Wilunga (39.3%) and Aldinga Beach (31.0%) (all to the south).
|
Western Australia |
Population growth in Western Australia (WA) was concentrated around Perth. This included Golden Bay-Singleton (122.5%) (the third fastest growing UC in Australia), followed by Margaret River (65.0%), Byford (60.7%) and Mandurah (54.0%), which served both as a retirement/tourist destination and as a commuter town to Perth's southern industrial areas.
|
Tasmania |
Apart from the holiday/retirement area of St Helens-Stieglitz (55.1%), the fastest growing UC in Tasmania, growth was largely concentrated around the major population centres of Hobart and Launceston. These included Legana (42.1%) and Hadspen (29.7%) near Launceston; and Dodges Ferry (34.0%) and
Pontville (26.6%) near Hobart.
|
Territories |
Palmerston, located south of Darwin, was the fastest growing UC (60.4%) in the Northern Territory (NT). Conversely, growth in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) was much lower with Canberra-Queanbeyan (on the NSW/ACT border) recording a growth rate below 10%.
|
SEX |
The areas containing the highest percentages of males were generally either holiday/ resort towns, or based on a particular industry. Examples of the former included Jindabyne (59.7%) and Perisher Village (58.0%). Examples of the latter included the mining areas of Leinster (67.5%), Leonora (61.8%), Roxby Downs (58.1%) and Weipa (57.1%). Areas with defence bases such as Forest Hill (60.1%), Woomera (57.6%) and Crib Point (57.3%) also had high proportions of males.
The distribution of UCs containing the highest proportions of females was similar to that of people aged 65 years or more, possibly reflecting women's longer average life expectancy. UCs with the highest percentage of females were Foster (55.7%), Milton (55.6%), Yarram (54.0%), Mullumbimby (53.9%) and Palmwoods (53.8%). The proportion of people aged 65 years and over in these areas ranged from 18.0% in Palmwoods to 27.3% in Milton.
|
AGE
| |
Children (aged 0 - 14 years) |
Areas with h igh proportions of children tended to be located outside of the major towns or cities, and were predominantly in Qld or NT (7 out of the top 10). The highest ranking UC was Berridale (42.9%) in NSW, while in Qld, the highest ranking UCs were the Indigenous communities of Woorabinda (41.0%), Yarrabah (40.4%) and Cherbourg (40.2%). In the NT the highest ranking UCs were the Indigenous communities of Port Keats (41.9%), Maningrida (39.4%) and Galiwinku (38.3%).
|
Aged 65 years and over |
A reas containing high proportions of people aged 65 years and over were overwhelmingly located along the NSW/Qld coastline.
Seven of the ten highest ranking UCs in Australia were located along the NSW coast: Iluka (36.7%), Camden Haven (36.4%), Harrington (34.2%), Dalmeny (33.7%), Merimbula (33.5%), Hawks Nest (33.1%) and Sussex Inlet (31.0%).
|
HOUSEHOLD TYPE | |
Family households with dependent children |
The distribution of family households with dependent children was reasonably similar to the distribution of children (aged 0 - 14 years), with Galiwinku containing the highest proportion of such households (89.6%). Other high-ranking UCs were the Indigenous communities of Port Keats (84.1%), Maningrida (81.0%), Yarrabah (80.4%), Nguiu (74.1%) and Palm Islands (79.4%).
|
Lone person households |
The proportions of lone person households tended to increase as the proportions of family households with dependent children decreased, which partially reflects different stages in the family life cycle. UCs with high proportions of lone person households also tended to have high proportions of people aged 65 years and over, many of whom were living by themselves.
|
Group households |
UCs with the highest levels of group households tended to be tourist/coastal areas and/or associated with tertiary institutions. Examples of the former were Craiglie (12.0%), Cannonvale (10.5%), Airlie Beach (10.5%) and Byron Bay (10.1%). Examples of the latter were Churchill (10.3%), Gatton (8.5%), Lismore (7.8%) and Armidale (7.7%). In others such as Cairns (8%) these features were combined.
|
LABOUR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS (For persons aged 15 years and over)
| |
EMPLOYMENT |
Generally, UCs which recorded high percentages of employed people had developed around a particular industry. For example, the highest percentages of employed people were recorded in the holiday/resort areas of Thredbo Village (76.2%), Perisher Village (75.5%), Hamilton Island (69.6%) and Jindabyne (67.3%); and the mining areas of Leinster (65.9%) and Weipa (59.8%).
|
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE |
The highest unemployment rates were recorded in Woorabinda (46.7%),
Bridgewater-Gagebrook (32.9%), South Golden Beach (25.4%) and St Leonards (24.4%). In fact, 200 UCs recorded unemployment rates much higher than the Australian rate (9.1%).
|
OCCUPIED PRIVATE DWELLINGS
| |
TENURE TYPE |
As expected, the areas with the highest populations also had the highest numbers of occupied private dwellings (households), with Sydney ranking the highest (1,161,372). Melbourne was the only other UC to record over one million households (1,047,183).
UCs to record the highest proportions of owner-occupied dwellings included the mining area of Broken Hill (62.3%); Camden Haven (61.0%), Ulladulla (56.3%), St Georges Basin-Sanctuary Point (55.8%) and Maryborough (54.5%). Such areas also tended to record high proportions of people aged 65 years or over.
High proportions of rented dwellings were recorded in Blackwater (81.6),
Bridgewater-Gagebrook (68.2%), Katherine (61.8%) and Karratha (57.8%).
|
MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME |
The highest median weekly household incomes were recorded in the Qld UCs of Moranbah ($2,000) and Dysart ($1,708).
Other UCs to record high medians were holiday/resort areas, such as Perisher Village ($1,133) and Thredbo Village ($1,100); and the mining areas of Leinster ($1,597) and Roxby Downs ($1,244).
|
HOUSING LOAN REPAYMENTS |
Interestingly, there was not a strong relationship between high median household income and high housing loan repayments or rental payments. However, high housing loan repayments did show an apparent association with high rental payments.
UCs which recorded high median monthly housing loan repayments and weekly household income were Windsor Downs ($1,300 and $1,196), Hamilton Island ($1,137 and $968), Stanwell Park ($1,133 and $967) and Craiglie ($1,083 and $815).
|
RENT PAYMENTS |
UCs which recorded high median weekly rental payments and weekly household income were the holiday/resort UCs of Jindabyne ($318 and $848) and Hamilton Island ($270 and $968); and Windsor Downs ($250 and $1,196) and Galston ($201 and $1,002) on the outskirts of Sydney.
|
Top 200 Urban Centres, Ranked by Total Number of Persons
Rank |
| Persons | Rank |
| Persons |
1 |
| 3,276,207 | 101 |
| 11,368 |
2 |
| 2,865,329 | 102 |
| 11,279 |
3 |
| 1,291,117 | 103 |
| 11,272 |
4 |
| 1,096,829 | 104 |
| 11,166 |
5 |
| 978,100 | 105 |
| 10,947 |
6 |
| 322,723 | 106 |
| 10,890 |
7 |
| 311,932 | 107 |
| 10,813 |
8 |
| 270,324 | 108 |
| 10,642 |
9 |
| 227,657 | 109 |
| 10,541 |
10 |
| 219,761 | 110 |
| 10,094 |
11 |
| 126,118 | 111 |
| 10,057 |
12 |
| 125,382 | 112 |
| 9,990 |
13 |
Townsville-Thuringowa (Qld)
| 109,914 | 113 |
| 9,793 |
14 |
| 92,273 | 114 |
| 9,792 |
15 |
| 83,350 | 115 |
| 9,760 |
16 |
| 70,251 | 116 |
| 9,664 |
17 |
| 67,701 | 117 |
| 9,605 |
18 |
Albury-Wodonga (NSW/Vic.)
| 67,316 | 118 |
| 9,568 |
19 |
| 64,831 | 119 |
| 9,517 |
20 |
| 59,936 | 120 |
| 9,512 |
21 |
| 57,770 | 121 |
| 9,385 |
22 |
| 50,108 | 122 |
| 9,378 |
23 |
| 49,917 | 123 |
| 9,345 |
24 |
| 44,880 | 124 |
| 9,270 |
25 |
| 42,848 | 125 |
| 9,248 |
26 |
| 41,025 | 126 |
| 9,011 |
27 |
Maroochydore-Mooloolaba (Qld)
| 36,406 | 127 |
| 8,987 |
28 |
| 35,945 | 128 |
| 8,985 |
29 |
| 33,709 | 129 |
| 8,893 |
30 |
| 32,054 | 130 |
| 8,810 |
31 |
Shepparton-Mooroopna (Vic.)
| 31,945 | 131 |
| 8,705 |
32 |
| 31,865 | 132 |
| 8,697 |
33 |
| 30,705 | 133 |
| 8,647 |
34 |
| 30,304 | 134 |
| 8,630 |
35 |
| 30,102 | 135 |
| 8,582 |
36 |
| 28,380 | 136 |
| 8,544 |
37 |
| 28,329 | 137 |
| 8,394 |
38 |
| 28,087 | 138 |
| 8,384 |
39 |
| 26,415 | 139 |
| 8,315 |
40 |
| 26,053 | 140 |
| 8,195 |
41 |
| 26,052 | 141 |
| 8,106 |
42 |
| 26,029 | 142 |
| 7,979 |
43 |
| 25,243 | 143 |
| 7,908 |
44 |
| 24,945 | 144 |
| 7,816 |
45 |
| 24,752 | 145 |
| 7,657 |
46 |
| 24,142 | 146 |
| 7,467 |
47 |
| 23,823 | 147 |
Bridgewater-Gagebrook (Tas.)
| 7,451 |
48 |
| 23,382 | 148 |
| 7,381 |
49 |
| 22,488 | 149 |
| 7,343 |
50 |
| 22,299 | 150 |
| 7,338 |
51 |
| 22,177 | 151 |
| 7,194 |
52 |
| 22,126 | 152 |
| 7,150 |
53 |
| 22,037 | 153 |
| 7,028 |
54 |
| 21,751 | 154 |
| 7,013 |
55 |
| 21,330 | 155 |
| 7,001 |
56 |
| 21,317 | 156 |
| 6,999 |
57 |
| 21,293 | 157 |
| 6,890 |
58 |
| 21,286 | 158 |
| 6,874 |
59 |
| 20,963 | 159 |
| 6,798 |
60 |
| 20,493 | 160 |
| 6,774 |
61 |
| 19,134 | 161 |
| 6,690 |
62 |
| 18,993 | 162 |
| 6,651 |
63 |
| 17,700 | 163 |
| 6,615 |
64 |
| 17,571 | 164 |
| 6,508 |
65 |
| 17,540 | 165 |
| 6,419 |
66 |
| 16,702 | 166 |
| 6,368 |
67 |
| 16,562 | 167 |
| 6,357 |
68 |
| 16,264 | 168 |
| 6,300 |
69 |
| 16,056 | 169 |
| 6,294 |
70 |
| 15,943 | 170 |
| 6,272 |
71 |
| 15,674 | 171 |
| 6,253 |
72 |
| 15,527 | 172 |
| 6,198 |
73 |
| 15,512 | 173 |
| 6,130 |
74 |
| 15,484 | 174 |
| 6,108 |
75 |
Cairns Northern Beaches (Qld)
| 14,768 | 175 |
| 6,101 |
76 |
| 14,467 | 176 |
| 6,088 |
77 |
| 14,209 | 177 |
St Georges Basin-Sanctuary Point (NSW)
| 5,988 |
78 |
| 13,914 | 178 |
| 5,984 |
79 |
| 13,823 | 179 |
| 5,931 |
79 |
| 13,823 | 180 |
| 5,915 |
81 |
Kingston-Blackmans Bay (Tas.)
| 13,746 | 181 |
| 5,906 |
82 |
| 13,633 | 182 |
| 5,887 |
83 |
| 13,366 | 183 |
| 5,879 |
84 |
| 13,240 | 184 |
| 5,823 |
85 |
| 13,163 | 185 |
Corowa-Wahgunyah (NSW/Vic.)
| 5,785 |
86 |
| 13,027 | 186 |
| 5,744 |
87 |
| 12,919 | 187 |
| 5,738 |
88 |
| 12,846 | 188 |
| 5,694 |
89 |
| 12,831 | 189 |
| 5,693 |
90 |
| 12,591 | 190 |
| 5,491 |
91 |
| 12,555 | 191 |
| 5,328 |
92 |
| 12,519 | 192 |
| 5,316 |
93 |
| 12,483 | 193 |
| 5,294 |
94 |
| 12,458 | 194 |
| 5,286 |
95 |
| 12,332 | 195 |
| 5,248 |
96 |
| 12,233 | 196 |
| 5,161 |
97 |
| 12,205 | 197 |
Yarrawonga-Mulwala (Vic./NSW)
| 5,028 |
98 |
| 11,711 | 198 |
| 5,012 |
99 |
| 11,678 | 199 |
| 4,920 |
100 |
| 11,441 | 200 |
| 4,884 |
Person and Household Characteristics, Section of State
Top 200 Urban Centres, Ranked by Rate of Population Growth (1991 to 1996)
Rank |
| Rate of
growth (%) |
Rank
|
|
|
1 |
| 132.1 | 101 |
| 24.0 |
2 |
| 128.3 | 102 |
| 24.0 |
3 |
Golden Bay-Singleton (WA)
| 122.5 | 103 |
| 23.9 |
4 |
| 109.9 | 104 |
| 23.8 |
5 |
| 107.0 | 105 |
| 23.4 |
6 |
| 94.0 | 106 |
| 23.1 |
7 |
| 90.4 | 107 |
| 22.6 |
8 |
| 85.8 | 108 |
| 22.5 |
9 |
| 83.8 | 109 |
| 22.4 |
10 |
| 82.6 | 110 |
| 22.4 |
11 |
| 82.1 | 111 |
| 22.4 |
12 |
| 82.0 | 112 |
| 22.0 |
13 |
| 79.1 | 113 |
| 21.8 |
14 |
| 75.9 | 114 |
Gold Coast-Tweed Heads (Qld)-(NSW)
| 21.7 |
15 |
| 74.7 | 115 |
| 21.7 |
16 |
| 67.4 | 116 |
| 21.4 |
17 |
| 66.1 | 117 |
| 21.4 |
18 |
| 65.0 | 118 |
| 21.4 |
19 |
| 62.7 | 119 |
Mossy Point-Broulee (NSW)
| 20.6 |
20 |
| 62.6 | 120 |
| 20.4 |
21 |
| 60.7 | 121 |
| 20.4 |
22 |
| 60.4 | 122 |
| 20.3 |
23 |
| 57.5 | 123 |
| 20.2 |
24 |
St Helens-Stieglitz (Tas.)
| 55.1 | 124 |
| 20.0 |
25 |
| 54.0 | 125 |
| 19.6 |
26 |
| 53.7 | 126 |
| 19.4 |
27 |
| 52.7 | 127 |
| 19.4 |
28 |
| 52.7 | 128 |
| 19.2 |
29 |
| 52.4 | 129 |
| 19.1 |
30 |
| 48.6 | 130 |
| 18.8 |
31 |
| 47.7 | 131 |
| 18.6 |
32 |
Russell-Macleay Islands (Qld)
| 46.8 | 132 |
| 18.4 |
33 |
| 46.8 | 133 |
| 17.9 |
34 |
| 46.6 | 134 |
| 17.7 |
35 |
| 45.3 | 135 |
| 17.7 |
36 |
| 44.4 | 136 |
| 17.6 |
37 |
| 43.8 | 137 |
| 17.6 |
38 |
| 43.1 | 138 |
| 17.1 |
39 |
| 42.6 | 139 |
| 16.9 |
40 |
| 42.5 | 140 |
| 16.8 |
41 |
| 42.2 | 141 |
| 16.8 |
42 |
| 42.1 | 142 |
| 16.8 |
43 |
| 41.8 | 143 |
| 16.7 |
44 |
| 40.3 | 144 |
| 16.6 |
45 |
| 39.7 | 145 |
| 16.5 |
46 |
| 39.3 | 146 |
| 16.4 |
47 |
| 39.0 | 147 |
| 16.3 |
48 |
| 38.9 | 148 |
| 16.1 |
49 |
| 38.5 | 149 |
| 16.0 |
50 |
| 38.2 | 150 |
| 16.0 |
51 |
| 37.1 | 151 |
| 15.8 |
52 |
| 36.7 | 152 |
| 15.6 |
53 |
| 36.4 | 153 |
| 15.5 |
54 |
| 36.1 | 154 |
| 15.3 |
55 |
| 34.9 | 155 |
| 15.1 |
56 |
| 34.3 | 156 |
| 15.1 |
57 |
| 34.0 | 157 |
| 15.0 |
58 |
| 33.6 | 158 |
| 15.0 |
59 |
| 33.0 | 159 |
Wandong-Heathcote Junction
| 15.0 |
60 |
| 32.8 | 160 |
| 14.9 |
61 |
| 32.4 | 161 |
| 14.8 |
62 |
| 32.4 | 162 |
| 14.7 |
63 |
| 32.4 | 163 |
| 14.7 |
64 |
| 32.3 | 164 |
| 14.5 |
65 |
| 31.3 | 165 |
| 14.1 |
66 |
| 31.2 | 166 |
| 14.1 |
67 |
| 31.2 | 167 |
| 13.8 |
68 |
| 31.1 | 168 |
| 13.8 |
69 |
| 31.0 | 169 |
| 13.6 |
70 |
| 30.7 | 170 |
| 13.6 |
71 |
| 30.6 | 171 |
| 13.6 |
72 |
| 29.9 | 172 |
| 13.5 |
73 |
St Georges Basin-Sanctuary Point (NSW)
| 29.9 | 173 |
| 13.4 |
74 |
| 29.7 | 174 |
| 13.3 |
75 |
| 29.6 | 175 |
| 13.2 |
76 |
| 29.2 | 176 |
| 13.0 |
77 |
| 28.7 | 177 |
| 13.0 |
78 |
| 28.5 | 178 |
| 12.9 |
79 |
| 28.2 | 179 |
Huonville-Ranelagh (Tas.)
| 12.7 |
80 |
| 27.9 | 180 |
| 12.7 |
81 |
| 27.7 | 181 |
| 12.6 |
82 |
| 27.6 | 182 |
| 12.5 |
83 |
| 27.6 | 183 |
Sorell-Midway Point (Tas.)
| 12.4 |
84 |
| 27.6 | 184 |
Culburra-Orient Point (NSW)
| 12.3 |
85 |
| 27.4 | 185 |
| 12.3 |
86 |
| 27.4 | 186 |
| 12.3 |
87 |
| 27.3 | 187 |
| 12.3 |
88 |
| 27.1 | 188 |
| 12.2 |
89 |
| 27.0 | 189 |
Ocean Grove-Barwon Heads (Vic.)
| 11.9 |
90 |
| 26.9 | 190 |
| 11.9 |
91 |
| 26.8 | 191 |
| 11.7 |
92 |
| 26.6 | 192 |
| 11.7 |
93 |
| 26.3 | 193 |
| 11.5 |
94 |
| 26.1 | 194 |
| 11.5 |
95 |
| 25.8 | 195 |
| 11.5 |
96 |
| 25.8 | 196 |
| 11.5 |
97 |
| 25.7 | 197 |
| 10.9 |
98 |
| 25.0 | 198 |
| 10.9 |
99 |
| 24.2 | 199 |
| 10.9 |
100 |
| 24.7 | 200 |
| 10.8 |
|